Web API Put 请求生成 Http 405 Method Not Allowed 错误

Question

这是对我的 Web API 上的PUT方法的调用 - 方法中的第三行（我从 ASP.NET MVC 前端调用 Web API）：

client.BaseAddress是http://localhost/CallCOPAPI/ 。

这是contactUri ：

这是contactUri.PathAndQuery ：

最后，这是我的 405 响应：

这是我的 Web API 项目中的 WebApi.config：

        public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
        {
            config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
                name: "DefaultApi",
                routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
                defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
            );

            config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
                name: "DefaultApiGet",
                routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{regionId}",
                defaults: new { action = "Get" },
                constraints: new { httpMethod = new HttpMethodConstraint("GET") });

            var json = config.Formatters.JsonFormatter;
            json.SerializerSettings.PreserveReferencesHandling = Newtonsoft.Json.PreserveReferencesHandling.Objects;
            config.Formatters.Remove(config.Formatters.XmlFormatter);

我尝试将传递到PutAsJsonAsync的路径剥离到string.Format("/api/department/{0}", department.Id)和string.Format("http://localhost/CallCOPAPI/api/department/{0}", department.Id)没有运气。

有没有人知道为什么我会收到 405 错误？

更新

根据请求，这是我的部门控制器代码（我将发布前端项目的部门控制器代码以及 WebAPI 的部门 ApiController 代码）：

前端部门主管

namespace CallCOP.Controllers
{
    public class DepartmentController : Controller
    {
        HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
        HttpResponseMessage response = new HttpResponseMessage();
        Uri contactUri = null;

        public DepartmentController()
        {
            // set base address of WebAPI depending on your current environment
            client.BaseAddress = new Uri(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[string.Format("APIEnvBaseAddress-{0}", CallCOP.Helpers.ConfigHelper.COPApplEnv)]);

            // Add an Accept header for JSON format.
            client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(
                new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
        }

        // need to only get departments that correspond to a Contact ID.
        // GET: /Department/?regionId={0}
        public ActionResult Index(int regionId)
        {
            response = client.GetAsync(string.Format("api/department/GetDeptsByRegionId/{0}", regionId)).Result;
            if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
            {
                var departments = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<IEnumerable<Department>>().Result;
                return View(departments);
            }
            else
            {
                LoggerHelper.GetLogger().InsertError(new Exception(string.Format(
                    "Cannot retrieve the list of department records due to HTTP Response Status Code not being successful: {0}", response.StatusCode)));
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }

        }

        //
        // GET: /Department/Create

        public ActionResult Create(int regionId)
        {
            return View();
        }

        //
        // POST: /Department/Create
        [HttpPost]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public ActionResult Create(int regionId, Department department)
        {
            department.RegionId = regionId;
            response = client.PostAsJsonAsync("api/department", department).Result;
            if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
            {
                return RedirectToAction("Edit", "Region", new { id = regionId });
            }
            else
            {
                LoggerHelper.GetLogger().InsertError(new Exception(string.Format(
                    "Cannot create a new department due to HTTP Response Status Code not being successful: {0}", response.StatusCode)));
                return RedirectToAction("Edit", "Region", new { id = regionId });
            }
        }

        //
        // GET: /Department/Edit/5

        public ActionResult Edit(int id = 0)
        {
            response = client.GetAsync(string.Format("api/department/{0}", id)).Result;
            Department department = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<Department>().Result;
            if (department == null)
            {
                return HttpNotFound();
            }
            return View(department);
        }

        //
        // POST: /Department/Edit/5

        [HttpPost]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public ActionResult Edit(int regionId, Department department)
        {
            response = client.GetAsync(string.Format("api/department/{0}", department.Id)).Result;
            contactUri = response.RequestMessage.RequestUri;
            response = client.PutAsJsonAsync(string.Format(contactUri.PathAndQuery), department).Result;
            if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
            {
                return RedirectToAction("Index", new { regionId = regionId });
            }
            else
            {
                LoggerHelper.GetLogger().InsertError(new Exception(string.Format(
                    "Cannot edit the department record due to HTTP Response Status Code not being successful: {0}", response.StatusCode)));
                return RedirectToAction("Index", new { regionId = regionId });
            }
        }

        //
        // GET: /Department/Delete/5

        public ActionResult Delete(int id = 0)
        {
            response = client.GetAsync(string.Format("api/department/{0}", id)).Result;
            Department department = response.Content.ReadAsAsync<Department>().Result;

            if (department == null)
            {
                return HttpNotFound();
            }
            return View(department);
        }

        //
        // POST: /Department/Delete/5

        [HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public ActionResult DeleteConfirmed(int regionId, int id)
        {
            response = client.GetAsync(string.Format("api/department/{0}", id)).Result;
            contactUri = response.RequestMessage.RequestUri;
            response = client.DeleteAsync(contactUri).Result;
            return RedirectToAction("Index", new { regionId = regionId });
        }
    }
}

Web API 部门 ApiController

namespace CallCOPAPI.Controllers
{
    public class DepartmentController : ApiController
    {
        private CallCOPEntities db = new CallCOPEntities(HelperClasses.DBHelper.GetConnectionString());

        // GET api/department
        public IEnumerable<Department> Get()
        {
            return db.Departments.AsEnumerable();
        }

        // GET api/department/5
        public Department Get(int id)
        {
            Department dept = db.Departments.Find(id);
            if (dept == null)
            {
                throw new HttpResponseException(Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound));
            }

            return dept;
        }

        // this should accept a contact id and return departments related to the particular contact record
        // GET api/department/5
        public IEnumerable<Department> GetDeptsByRegionId(int regionId)
        {
            IEnumerable<Department> depts = (from i in db.Departments
                                             where i.RegionId == regionId 
                                             select i);
            return depts;
        }

        // POST api/department
        public HttpResponseMessage Post(Department department)
        {
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                db.Departments.Add(department);
                db.SaveChanges();

                HttpResponseMessage response = Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.Created, department);
                return response;
            }
            else
            {
                return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, ModelState);
            }
        }

        // PUT api/department/5
        public HttpResponseMessage Put(int id, Department department)
        {
            if (!ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, ModelState);
            }

            if (id != department.Id)
            {
                return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest);
            }

            db.Entry(department).State = EntityState.Modified;

            try
            {
                db.SaveChanges();
            }
            catch (DbUpdateConcurrencyException ex)
            {
                return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound, ex);
            }

            return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK);
        }

        // DELETE api/department/5
        public HttpResponseMessage Delete(int id)
        {
            Department department = db.Departments.Find(id);
            if (department == null)
            {
                return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
            }

            db.Departments.Remove(department);

            try
            {
                db.SaveChanges();
            }
            catch (DbUpdateConcurrencyException ex)
            {
                return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.NotFound, ex);
            }

            return Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK, department);
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

所以，我检查了 Windows 功能以确保我没有安装这个叫做 WebDAV 的东西，它说我没有。 无论如何，我继续将以下内容放入我的 web.config（前端和 WebAPI，只是为了确定），现在它可以工作了。 我把它放在<system.webServer>里面。

<modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true">
    <remove name="WebDAVModule"/> <!-- add this -->
</modules>

此外，通常需要将以下内容添加到处理程序中的web.config 。 感谢巴巴克

<handlers>
    <remove name="WebDAV" />
    ...
</handlers>

Answer 2

WebDav-SchmebDav .. ..确保您使用正确的 ID 创建了 url。 不要把它像http://www.fluff.com/api/Fluff?id=MyID ，把它像http://www.fluff.com/api/Fluff/MyID 。

例如。

PUT http://www.fluff.com/api/Fluff/123 HTTP/1.1
Host: www.fluff.com
Content-Length: 11

{"Data":"1"}

这让我的球在短暂的永恒中彻底崩溃，完全尴尬。

Answer 3

将此添加到您的web.config 。 您需要告诉 IIS PUT PATCH DELETE和OPTIONS是什么意思。 以及调用哪个IHttpHandler 。

<configuation>
    <system.webServer>
    <handlers>
    <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_32bit" />
    <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_64bit" />
    <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" />
    <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_32bit" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" modules="IsapiModule" scriptProcessor="%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\aspnet_isapi.dll" preCondition="classicMode,runtimeVersionv4.0,bitness32" responseBufferLimit="0" />
    <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_64bit" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" modules="IsapiModule" scriptProcessor="%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\aspnet_isapi.dll" preCondition="classicMode,runtimeVersionv4.0,bitness64" responseBufferLimit="0" />
    <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" type="System.Web.Handlers.TransferRequestHandler" preCondition="integratedMode,runtimeVersionv4.0" />
    </handlers>
    </system.webServer>
</configuration>

还要检查您没有启用 WebDAV。

Answer 4

我正在 IIS 8.5 上运行 ASP.NET MVC 5 应用程序。 我尝试了这里发布的所有变体，这就是我的web.config样子：

<system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true">
        <remove name="WebDAVModule"/> <!-- add this -->
    </modules>  
    <handlers>      
      <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_32bit" />
      <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_64bit" />
      <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" />
      <remove name="WebDAV" />
      <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_32bit" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" modules="IsapiModule" scriptProcessor="%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\aspnet_isapi.dll" preCondition="classicMode,runtimeVersionv4.0,bitness32" responseBufferLimit="0" />
      <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-ISAPI-4.0_64bit" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" modules="IsapiModule" scriptProcessor="%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\aspnet_isapi.dll" preCondition="classicMode,runtimeVersionv4.0,bitness64" responseBufferLimit="0" />
      <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" path="*." verb="GET,HEAD,POST,DEBUG,PUT,DELETE,PATCH,OPTIONS" type="System.Web.Handlers.TransferRequestHandler" preCondition="integratedMode,runtimeVersionv4.0" />
    </handlers> 
</system.webServer>

我无法从我的服务器上卸载 WebDav，因为我没有管理员权限。 另外，有时我会在 .css 和 .js 文件中method not allowed的method not allowed 。 最后，有了上面的配置，一切又开始工作了。

Answer 5

用 [FromBody] 装饰其中一个动作参数为我解决了这个问题：

public async Task<IHttpActionResult> SetAmountOnEntry(string id, [FromBody]int amount)

但是，如果在方法参数中使用了复杂对象，ASP.NET 将正确推断它：

public async Task<IHttpActionResult> UpdateEntry(string id, MyEntry entry)

Answer 6

另一个原因可能是如果您不使用“id”的默认变量名称，实际上是：id。

Answer 7

在我的情况下，由于路由（“api/images”）与同名文件夹（“~/images”）冲突，静态处理程序调用了错误 405。

Answer 8

您可以从 GUI 中手动删除 webdav 模块，以便在 IIS 中进行特定操作。
1) 转到 IIs。
2) 转到相应的站点。
3）打开“处理程序映射”
4) 向下滚动并选择 WebDav 模块。 右键单击它并删除它。

注意：这也将更新您的 web 应用程序的 web.config。

Answer 9

这个简单的问题可能会引起真正的头痛！

我可以看到您的控制器EDIT ( PUT ) 方法需要 2 个参数：a) 一个 int id，以及 b) 一个部门对象。

当您从 VS > 添加带有读/写选项的控制器生成此代码时，它是默认代码。 但是一定要记得使用这两个参数消费这个服务，否则会报405错误。

就我而言，我不需要PUT的 id 参数，所以我只是将它从标题中删除......几个小时后没有注意到它！ 如果您将其保留在那里，则该名称也必须保留为 id，除非您继续对配置进行必要的更改。

Answer 10

您的客户端应用程序和服务器应用程序必须在同一个域下，例如：

客户端 - 本地主机

服务器 - 本地主机

而不是：

客户端 - 本地主机：21234

服务器 - 本地主机