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如何正确地将编译时信息传达给Template Haskell函数?

[英]How to properly communicate compile-time information to Template Haskell functions?

我需要将一些信息从编译脚本传达到Template Haskell中。 当前,编译脚本将信息保存在系统环境中,因此我只是使用包装在runIO System.Environment.getEnvironmentrunIO 是否有更好的方法,例如将一些参数传递给ghc (类似于C预处理器的-D... ),或者为此专门在TH中设计了某种方法?

由于有这么多人对此问题感兴趣,所以我将添加当前的方法,也许有人会觉得它有用。 最好的方法可能是TH允许在GHC的命令行上读取-D参数,但是似乎目前没有实现。

一个简单的模块允许TH读取编译时环境。 辅助功能还允许读取文件。 例如,从环境中读取配置文件的路径,然后读取该文件。

{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-}
module THEnv
    (
    -- * Compile-time configuration
      lookupCompileEnv
    , lookupCompileEnvExp
    , getCompileEnv
    , getCompileEnvExp
    , fileAsString
    ) where

import Control.Monad
import qualified Data.Text as T
import qualified Data.Text.IO as T
import Language.Haskell.TH
import Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax (Lift(..))
import System.Environment (getEnvironment)

-- Functions that work with compile-time configuration

-- | Looks up a compile-time environment variable.
lookupCompileEnv :: String -> Q (Maybe String)
lookupCompileEnv key = lookup key `liftM` runIO getEnvironment

-- | Looks up a compile-time environment variable. The result is a TH
-- expression of type @Maybe String@.
lookupCompileEnvExp :: String -> Q Exp
lookupCompileEnvExp = (`sigE` [t| Maybe String |]) . lift <=< lookupCompileEnv
    -- We need to explicly type the result so that things like `print Nothing`
    -- work.

-- | Looks up an compile-time environment variable and fail, if it's not
-- present.
getCompileEnv :: String -> Q String
getCompileEnv key =
  lookupCompileEnv key >>=
  maybe (fail $ "Environment variable " ++ key ++ " not defined") return

-- | Looks up an compile-time environment variable and fail, if it's not
-- present. The result is a TH expression of type @String@.
getCompileEnvExp :: String -> Q Exp
getCompileEnvExp = lift <=< getCompileEnv

-- | Loads the content of a file as a string constant expression.
-- The given path is relative to the source directory.
fileAsString :: FilePath -> Q Exp
fileAsString = do
  -- addDependentFile path -- works only with template-haskell >= 2.7
  stringE . T.unpack . T.strip <=< runIO . T.readFile

可以这样使用:

{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-}
import THEnv
main = print $( lookupCompileEnvExp "DEBUG" )

然后:

  • runhaskell Main.hs打印Nothing
  • DEBUG="yes" runhaskell Main.hs打印Just "yes"

看起来您在这里想要做什么,ghc中的-D选项似乎定义了一个编译时间变量。

这里,关于同一主题的问题似乎也回答了您问题的另一部分。 据我所知,要进行条件编译,您需要执行以下操作:

    #ifdef MACRO_NAME
    //Do stuff here
    #endif

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