/ usr / bin / env ruby​​没有这样的文件或目录：使用capistrano 3，capistrano / rbenv，capistrano / bundler和capistrano / rails（使用rails 4）

Question

我正在使用capistrano，capistrano / rbenv，capistrano / bundler和capistrano / rails。 我在capistrano编译资产的步骤中收到此错误：

DEBUG [49a50df6]    /usr/bin/env:
DEBUG [49a50df6]    ruby
DEBUG [49a50df6]    : No such file or directory
DEBUG [49a50df6]

在生产服务器中， /usr/bin/env ruby -v是正确的。 我知道这一点： 为什么在我的ssh会话中可以正常工作，但是在capistrano中却不能正常工作，但是我无法正常工作。

这是我的Capfile ：

# Load DSL and Setup Up Stages
require 'capistrano/setup'

# Includes default deployment tasks
require 'capistrano/deploy'

# Includes tasks from other gems included in your Gemfile
#
# For documentation on these, see for example:
#
#   https://github.com/capistrano/rvm
#   https://github.com/capistrano/rbenv
#   https://github.com/capistrano/chruby
#   https://github.com/capistrano/bundler
#   https://github.com/capistrano/rails/tree/master/assets
#   https://github.com/capistrano/rails/tree/master/migrations
#
# require 'capistrano/rvm'
require 'capistrano/rbenv'
# require 'capistrano/chruby'
require 'capistrano/bundler'
require 'capistrano/rails/assets'
require 'capistrano/rails/migrations'

# Loads custom tasks from `lib/capistrano/tasks' if you have any defined.
Dir.glob('lib/capistrano/tasks/*.cap').each { |r| import r }

这是我的deploy.rb ：

# rbenv
set :rbenv_type, :user
set :rbenv_ruby, '2.0.0-p247'

# bundler
set :bundle_gemfile, -> { release_path.join('Gemfile') }
set :bundle_dir, -> { shared_path.join('bundle') }
set :bundle_flags, '--deployment --quiet'
set :bundle_without, %w{development test}.join(' ')
set :bundle_binstubs, -> { shared_path.join('bin') }
set :bundle_roles, :all

# rails
set :rails_env, 'production'

set :application, 'MY APP'
set :repo_url, 'MY_REPO.git'

# ask :branch, proc { `git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD`.chomp }

# set :deploy_to, '/var/www/my_app'
# set :scm, :git

# set :format, :pretty
# set :log_level, :debug
# set :pty, true

set :linked_files, %w{.env config/database.yml}
# set :linked_dirs, %w{bin log tmp/pids tmp/cache tmp/sockets vendor/bundle public/system}

# set :default_env, { path: "/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH" }
set :keep_releases, 5

namespace :deploy do

  desc 'Restart application'
  task :restart do
    on roles(:app), in: :sequence, wait: 5 do
      # Your restart mechanism here, for example:
      # execute :touch, release_path.join('tmp/restart.txt')
    end
  end

  after :restart, :clear_cache do
    on roles(:web), in: :groups, limit: 3, wait: 10 do
      # Here we can do anything such as:
      # within release_path do
      #   execute :rake, 'cache:clear'
      # end
    end
  end

  after :finishing, 'deploy:cleanup'

end

这是我的staging.rb ：

set :stage, :staging

# Simple Role Syntax
# ==================
# Supports bulk-adding hosts to roles, the primary
# server in each group is considered to be the first
# unless any hosts have the primary property set.
#role :app, %w{deploy@example.com}
#role :web, %w{deploy@example.com}
#role :db,  %w{deploy@example.com}

# Extended Server Syntax
# ======================
# This can be used to drop a more detailed server
# definition into the server list. The second argument
# something that quacks like a has can be used to set
# extended properties on the server.
#server 'example.com', user: 'deploy', roles: %w{web app}, my_property: :my_value
server 'my_server', user: 'my_user', roles: %w{web app db}

# you can set custom ssh options
# it's possible to pass any option but you need to keep in mind that net/ssh understand limited list of options
# you can see them in [net/ssh documentation](http://net-ssh.github.io/net-ssh/classes/Net/SSH.html#method-c-start)
# set it globally
#  set :ssh_options, {
#    keys: %w(/home/rlisowski/.ssh/id_rsa),
#    forward_agent: false,
#    auth_methods: %w(password)
#  }
# and/or per server
# server 'example.com',
#   user: 'user_name',
# roles: %w{web app},
#   ssh_options: {
#     user: 'user_name', # overrides user setting above
#     keys: %w(/home/user_name/.ssh/id_rsa),
#     forward_agent: false,
#     auth_methods: %w(publickey password)
#     # password: 'please use keys'
#   }
# setting per server overrides global ssh_options

# fetch(:default_env).merge!(rails_env: :staging)

set :deploy_to, '/home/my_user'

这是完整的痕迹：

 INFO [c24b8f94] Running RBENV_ROOT=~/.rbenv RBENV_VERSION=2.0.0-p247 ~/.rbenv/bin/rbenv exec bundle exec rake assets:precompile on 162.243.16.201
DEBUG [c24b8f94] Command: cd /home/my_app/releases/20131101193513 && ( RAILS_ENV=production RBENV_ROOT=~/.rbenv RBENV_VERSION=2.0.0-p247 ~/.rbenv/bin/rbenv exec bundle exec rake assets:precompile )
DEBUG [c24b8f94]    /usr/bin/env:
DEBUG [c24b8f94]    ruby
DEBUG [c24b8f94]    : No such file or directory
DEBUG [c24b8f94]
cap aborted!
rake stdout: Nothing written
rake stderr: Nothing written
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/sshkit-1.1.0/lib/sshkit/command.rb:94:in `exit_status='
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/sshkit-1.1.0/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:125:in `block (4 levels) in _execute'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:551:in `call'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:551:in `do_request'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:561:in `channel_request'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:465:in `dispatch_incoming_packets'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:221:in `preprocess'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:205:in `process'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `block in loop'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `loop'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `loop'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:269:in `wait'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/sshkit-1.1.0/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:147:in `block (2 levels) in _execute'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:514:in `call'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/channel.rb:514:in `do_open_confirmation'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:545:in `channel_open_confirmation'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:465:in `dispatch_incoming_packets'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:221:in `preprocess'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:205:in `process'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `block in loop'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `loop'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/net-ssh-2.7.0/lib/net/ssh/connection/session.rb:169:in `loop'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/sshkit-1.1.0/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:149:in `block in _execute'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/sshkit-1.1.0/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:106:in `tap'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/sshkit-1.1.0/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:106:in `_execute'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/sshkit-1.1.0/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:54:in `execute'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/capistrano-rails-1.0.0/lib/capistrano/tasks/assets.rake:61:in `block (6 levels) in <top (required)>'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/sshkit-1.1.0/lib/sshkit/backends/abstract.rb:89:in `with'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/capistrano-rails-1.0.0/lib/capistrano/tasks/assets.rake:60:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/sshkit-1.1.0/lib/sshkit/backends/abstract.rb:81:in `within'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/capistrano-rails-1.0.0/lib/capistrano/tasks/assets.rake:59:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/sshkit-1.1.0/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:42:in `instance_exec'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/sshkit-1.1.0/lib/sshkit/backends/netssh.rb:42:in `run'
/Users/patricio/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/sshkit-1.1.0/lib/sshkit/runners/parallel.rb:12:in `block (2 levels) in execute'
Tasks: TOP => deploy:assets:precompile

顺便说一句，我认为它与$PATH无关，因为bundle install可以正常运行。

有人知道发生了什么吗？

谢谢！

Answer 1

好的，因为我遇到了同样的问题，所以花了相当长的时间才能解决：

您可能想知道为什么当使用ssh登录到shell时，此命令在起作用时为何不起作用。

我不是专家（如果我做错了，请纠正我）：问题是使用ssh登录到远程服务器时存在一些差异。 引用capistrano的文档：

这实际上是Capistrano使用哪种外壳的问题，它是有关登录，非登录，交互或非交互的可能性的矩阵。

它们在此处 （底部）有一个精美的图形，其中说明了登录过程中执行的文件的路径。 - 如果您想继续阅读该主题，则给定的来源也很有趣。

怎么了？

当您使用ssh登录时，您（在登录时）正在执行几个文件（例如，使用bash时为.bash_profile）。 通常，$ PATH变量会通过几种路径扩展到环境中的重要功能。 但是不同的登录“样式”包含不同的文件。

如文档所述：

默认情况下，Capistrano始终分配一个非登录，非交互式外壳。

就我而言，这导致我的登录文件.bash_profile不包括在内但包含了我的rvm设置的情况。 capistrano登录会话不知道我的rvm路径的结果。

我怎样才能解决这个问题？

对我来说，这竟然只是的取消对需要“Capistrano的/ RVM”（由于我使用RVM）在Capfile线（位于轨项目的根。

希望可以帮助别人。

编辑：

并且肯定在Gemfile中包含gem'capistrano gem 'capistrano-rvm' ！

Answer 2

好，修复它。

我添加了这个：

set :default_env, { path: "~/.rbenv/shims:~/.rbenv/bin:$PATH" }

到我的deploy.rb 。

我不确定这是最好的解决方案，但它确实有效。

Answer 3

我认为你应该执行

apt-get install git-core

在您的服务器上

Answer 4

我在使用rbenv时遇到了同样的问题。 对我来说解决的是在捆绑器之前而不是之后包括rbenv库。 顺序很重要。 这是我的Capfile中的内容：

require 'capistrano/rbenv'
require 'capistrano/bundler'

如果做对了，您应该看到以rbenv前缀执行的bundle命令，如下所示：

XX RBENV_ROOT=$HOME/.rbenv RBENV_VERSION=2.3.0 $HOME/.rbenv/bin/rbenv exec bundle install ...

Answer 5

确保在Capfile中需要所有这些gem。

Answer 6

解决错误的方法：

/ usr / bin / env git没有这样的文件或目录capistrano

将git安装在要部署到的远程服务器上。

apt-get install git

Answer 7

我的问题是：

DEBUG [3132b2c2]    /usr/bin/env: ‘bundle’: No such file or directory
DEBUG [3132b2c2] 

我是这样解决的：

在Debian中，〜/ .bashrc中有一段代码说明：

# If not running interactively, don't do anything

case $- in
   *i*) ;;
     *) return;;
esac

当您运行Capistrano时，它将实际上使用您的〜/ .bashrc，但不会在该代码块下方运行任何命令。

因此，我解决了在该代码块上方添加加载红宝石环境所需的代码行的问题，从而使Capistrano可以加载捆绑包。

source /usr/local/share/chruby/chruby.sh
source /usr/local/share/chruby/auto.sh

PS：我在服务器上使用chruby。

Answer 8

当我在终端上交互式输入bundle install ，它可以工作。 现在，当我通过Capistrano使用它时，它不起作用。

我是这样解决的：

在Ubuntu中， ~/.bashrc中有一段代码表明：

# If not running interactively, don't do anything
case $- in
   *i*) ;;
     *) return;;
esac

当您运行Capistrano时，它将实际上使用您的~/.bashrc 但不会在该代码块下方运行任何命令。

因此，我解决了将bundle install所需的代码行移到该代码块上方的问题，从而Capistrano可以加载它们。

通过运行which bundle可以提示要移动的行。

Answer 9

我遇到了同样的错误。尝试解决该错误之后，我记得我从我正在部署代码的服务器上随机删除了一些软件包。

所以我也意外删除了git。运行sudo apt-get install git修复了它。