[英]How do I unit test web api action method when it returns IHttpActionResult?
我们假设这是我的行动方法
public IHttpActionResult Get(int id)
{
var status = GetSomething(id);
if (status)
{
return Ok();
}
else
{
return NotFound();
}
}
测试将是
var httpActionResult = controller.Get(1);
如何在此之后检查我的http状态代码?
这里Ok()
仅仅是类型的辅助OkResult
这台响应状态是HttpStatusCode.Ok
...所以你可以检查你的行动结果的实例是一个OkResult
...一些例子(用XUnit
) :
// if your action returns: NotFound()
IHttpActionResult actionResult = valuesController.Get(10);
Assert.IsType<NotFoundResult>(actionResult);
// if your action returns: Ok()
actionResult = valuesController.Get(11);
Assert.IsType<OkResult>(actionResult);
// if your action was returning data in the body like: Ok<string>("data: 12")
actionResult = valuesController.Get(12);
OkNegotiatedContentResult<string> conNegResult = Assert.IsType<OkNegotiatedContentResult<string>>(actionResult);
Assert.Equal("data: 12", conNegResult.Content);
// if your action was returning data in the body like: Content<string>(HttpStatusCode.Accepted, "some updated data");
actionResult = valuesController.Get(13);
NegotiatedContentResult<string> negResult = Assert.IsType<NegotiatedContentResult<string>>(actionResult);
Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.Accepted, negResult.StatusCode);
Assert.Equal("some updated data", negResult.Content);
是时候复活一个死的问题了
当前答案都依赖于将响应对象转换为已知类型。 不幸的是,如果没有对控制器实现的深入了解,响应似乎没有可用的层次结构或隐式转换路径。 考虑以下:
public class MixedCodeStandardController : ApiController {
public readonly object _data = new Object();
public IHttpActionResult Get() {
return Ok(_data);
}
public IHttpActionResult Get(int id) {
return Content(HttpStatusCode.Success, _data);
}
}
测试课程:
var testController = new MixedCodeStandardController();
var getResult = testController.Get();
var posRes = getResult as OkNegotiatedContentResult<object>;
Assert.IsType<OkNegotiatedContentResult<object>>(getResult);
Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.Success, posRes.StatusCode);
Assert.AreEqual(testController._data, posRes.Content);
var idResult = testController.Get(1);
var oddRes = getResult as OkNegotiatedContentResult<object>; // oddRes is null
Assert.IsType<OkNegotiatedContentResult<object>>(idResult); // throws failed assertion
Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.Success, oddRes.StatusCode); // throws for null ref
Assert.AreEqual(testController._data, oddRes.Content); // throws for null ref
从黑盒子外面,响应流基本相同。 测试必须知道控制器如何实现返回调用以便以这种方式测试它。
而是使用返回的IHttpActionResult中的HttpResponseMessage对象。 这确保了测试可以保持一致,即使控制器代码可能不是:
var testController = new MixedCodeStandardController();
var getResult = testController.Get();
var getResponse = getResult.ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken.None).Result;
Assert.IsTrue(getResponse.IsSuccessStatusCode);
Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.Success, getResponse.StatusCode);
var idResult = testController.Get(1);
var idResponse = idResult.ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken.None).Result;
Assert.IsTrue(idResponse.IsSuccessStatusCode);
Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.Success, idResponse.StatusCode);
这是Kiran Challa接受的,适用于NUnit的答案;
var valuesController = controller;
// if your action returns: NotFound()
IHttpActionResult actionResult = valuesController.Get(10);
var notFoundRes = actionResult as NotFoundResult;
Assert.IsNotNull(notFoundRes);
// if your action returns: Ok()
actionResult = valuesController.Get(11);
var posRes = actionResult as OkResult;
Assert.IsNotNull(posRes);
// if your action was returning data in the body like: Ok<string>("data: 12")
actionResult = valuesController.Get(12);
var conNegResult = actionResult as OkNegotiatedContentResult<string>;
Assert.IsNotNull(conNegResult);
Assert.AreEqual("data: 12", conNegResult.Content);
// if your action was returning data in the body like: Content<string>(HttpStatusCode.Accepted, "some updated data");
actionResult = valuesController.Get(13);
var negResult = actionResult as NegotiatedContentResult<string>;
Assert.IsNotNull(negResult);
Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.Accepted, negResult.StatusCode);
Assert.AreEqual("some updated data", negResult.Content);
Assert.IsInstanceOfType(httpActionResult,typeof(OkResult));
如果IHttpActionResult包含JSON对象,例如{“token”:“A”},我们可以使用以下代码。
var result = usercontroller.GetLogin("user", "password");
Assert.IsInstanceOfType(result, typeof(OkNegotiatedContentResult<Dictionary<string,string>>));
var content = result as OkNegotiatedContentResult<Dictionary<string, string> >;
Assert.AreEqual("A", content.Content["token"]);
经过几个小时的研究和尝试,我终于想出了如何完全测试返回IHttpActionResult
并使用OWIN中间件和ASP.NET身份的默认实现的Web API 2方法。
我将在以下ApiController
上测试Get()
方法:
public class AccountController : ApiController
{
private ApplicationUserManager _userManager;
public ApplicationUserManager UserManager => _userManager ?? HttpContext.Current.GetOwinContext().GetUserManager<ApplicationUserManager>();
[Route("api/account"), HttpGet]
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> Get()
{
var user = await UserManager.FindByIdAsync(User.Identity.GetUserId());
if (user == null)
{
ModelState.AddModelError(ModelStateConstants.Errors, "Account not found! Try logging out and in again.");
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
var roles = await UserManager.GetRolesAsync(user.Id);
var accountModel = new AccountViewModel
{
FullName = user.FullName,
Email = user.Email,
Phone = user.PhoneNumber,
Organization = user.Organization.Name,
Role = string.Join(", ", roles)
};
return Ok(accountModel);
}
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing)
{
if (_userManager != null)
{
_userManager.Dispose();
_userManager = null;
}
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
}
从所有测试类将继承的基类开始:
public class BaseTest
{
protected static User CurrentUser;
protected static IList<string> Roles;
public BaseTest()
{
var email = "unit@test.com";
CurrentUser = new User
{
FullName = "Unit Tester",
Email = email,
UserName = email,
PhoneNumber = "123456",
Organization = new Organization
{
Name = "Test Organization"
}
};
Roles = new List<string>
{
"Administrator"
};
}
protected void InitializeApiController(ApiController apiController)
{
//Init fake controller Http and Identity data
var config = new HttpConfiguration();
var request = new HttpRequestMessage();
var routeData = new HttpRouteData(new HttpRoute(""));
apiController.ControllerContext = new HttpControllerContext(config, routeData, request)
{
Configuration = config
};
apiController.User = new GenericPrincipal(new GenericIdentity(""), new[] { "" });
//Initialize Mocks
var appUserMgrMock = GetMockedApplicationUserManager();
var appSignInMgr = GetMockedApplicationSignInManager(appUserMgrMock);
var appDbContext = GetMockedApplicationDbContext();
//Configure HttpContext.Current.GetOwinContext to return mocks
var owin = new OwinContext();
owin.Set(appUserMgrMock.Object);
owin.Set(appSignInMgr.Object);
owin.Set(appDbContext.Object);
HttpContext.Current = new HttpContext(new HttpRequest(null, "http://test.com", null), new HttpResponse(null));
HttpContext.Current.Items["owin.Environment"] = owin.Environment;
}
private static Mock<ApplicationSignInManager> GetMockedApplicationSignInManager(Mock<ApplicationUserManager> appUserMgrMock)
{
var authMgr = new Mock<Microsoft.Owin.Security.IAuthenticationManager>();
var appSignInMgr = new Mock<ApplicationSignInManager>(appUserMgrMock.Object, authMgr.Object);
return appSignInMgr;
}
private Mock<ApplicationUserManager> GetMockedApplicationUserManager()
{
var userStore = new Mock<IUserStore<User>>();
var appUserMgr = new Mock<ApplicationUserManager>(userStore.Object);
appUserMgr.Setup(aum => aum.FindByIdAsync(It.IsAny<string>())).ReturnsAsync(CurrentUser);
appUserMgr.Setup(aum => aum.GetRolesAsync(It.IsAny<string>())).ReturnsAsync(Roles);
return appUserMgr;
}
private static Mock<ApplicationDbContext> GetMockedApplicationDbContext()
{
var dbContext = new Mock<ApplicationDbContext>();
dbContext.Setup(dbc => dbc.Users).Returns(MockedUsersDbSet);
return dbContext;
}
private static IDbSet<User> MockedUsersDbSet()
{
var users = new List<User>
{
CurrentUser,
new User
{
FullName = "Testguy #1",
Email = "test@guy1.com",
UserName = "test@guy1.com",
PhoneNumber = "123456",
Organization = new Organization
{
Name = "Test Organization"
}
}
}.AsQueryable();
var usersMock = new Mock<DbSet<User>>();
usersMock.As<IQueryable<User>>().Setup(m => m.Provider).Returns(users.Provider);
usersMock.As<IQueryable<User>>().Setup(m => m.Expression).Returns(users.Expression);
usersMock.As<IQueryable<User>>().Setup(m => m.ElementType).Returns(users.ElementType);
usersMock.As<IQueryable<User>>().Setup(m => m.GetEnumerator()).Returns(users.GetEnumerator);
return usersMock.Object;
}
}
InitializeApiController
方法包含肉和土豆。
现在我们可以为AccountController
编写测试:
public class AccountControllerTests : BaseTest
{
private readonly AccountController _accountController;
public AccountControllerTests()
{
_accountController = new AccountController();
InitializeApiController(_accountController);
}
[Test]
public async Task GetShouldReturnOk()
{
var result = await _accountController.Get();
var response = await result.ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken.None);
Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.OK, response.StatusCode);
}
}
要使一切顺利,您需要安装一堆Microsoft.OWIN.*
和Microsoft.AspNet.*
软件包,我将在此处粘贴我的packages.config
:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<packages>
<package id="Castle.Core" version="4.3.1" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="EntityFramework" version="6.2.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Core" version="2.2.2" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework" version="2.2.2" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin" version="2.2.2" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Core" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Owin" version="5.2.7" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.Owin" version="4.0.1" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb" version="4.0.1" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.Owin.Security" version="4.0.1" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.Owin.Security.Cookies" version="4.0.1" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Microsoft.Owin.Security.OAuth" version="4.0.1" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Moq" version="4.10.1" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Newtonsoft.Json" version="12.0.1" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="NUnit" version="3.11.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="Owin" version="1.0" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Runtime.CompilerServices.Unsafe" version="4.5.2" targetFramework="net472" />
<package id="System.Threading.Tasks.Extensions" version="4.5.2" targetFramework="net472" />
</packages>
测试很简单,但证明一切正常:-)
快乐的测试!
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