带有Mockito的单元测试Spring MVC控制器

Question

我正在使用Mockito和Junit并针对Spring MVC运行单元测试，我的代码流是：

Service Layer -> Model Layer -> Controller Layer

我使用代码成功地针对模型层测试了Controller：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class HashLinkerControllerTest {

private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger
        .getLogger(HashLinkerControllerTest.class);



@Mock
private HashLinkerModel modelMock;

@InjectMocks
private HashLinkerController controller;

private MockMvc mockMvc;

@Before
public void setup() {

    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controller).build();

}

  @Test
public void update() throws Exception {
    int date = 123;
    String hashToCheck = "asdfasdfasdfasdfas";
    HashLinker first = this.createHashLinker(hashToCheck, "some name",
            "some des", "some data", date);

    when(modelMock.update(first)).then(returnsFirstArg());
    mockMvc.perform(
            put("/api/hashService/" + hashToCheck)
                    .contentType(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
                    .content(
                            TestUtil.convertObjectToJsonBytesWithSettersOnly(first))
                    .accept(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(
                    content().contentType(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.hash", is(hashToCheck)))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.description", is("some des")))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.name", is("some name")));

    verify(modelMock, times(1)).update(first);
    verifyNoMoreInteractions(modelMock);
}

但现在我正在寻找一种测试3层结构的方法。 即针对控制器测试服务。 我想出了：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class HashLinkerControllerServiceLayerTest {

private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger
        .getLogger(HashLinkerControllerServiceLayerTest.class);

@Mock
private HashLinkerService serviceMock;

@InjectMocks
// @Mock
private HashLinkerModel modelMock;

private HashLinkerController controller;

private MockMvc mockMvc;

@Before
public void setup() {

    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    controller = new HashLinkerController(modelMock);
    this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controller).build();

}

并进行测试

@Test
public void update() throws Exception {
    int date = 123;
    String hashToCheck = "asdfasdfasdfasdfas";
    HashLinker first = this.createHashLinker(hashToCheck, "some name",
            "some des", "some data", date);

    when(serviceMock.update(first)).then(returnsFirstArg());
    mockMvc.perform(
            put("/api/hashService/" + hashToCheck)
                    .contentType(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
                    .content(
                            TestUtil.convertObjectToJsonBytesWithSettersOnly(first))
                    .accept(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andExpect(
                    content().contentType(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.hash", is(hashToCheck)))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.description", is("some des")))
            .andExpect(jsonPath("$.name", is("some name")));

    verify(serviceMock, times(1)).update(first);
    verifyNoMoreInteractions(serviceMock);
}

测试是与上述相同的期望我已经改变modelMock是serviceMock 。 由于某种原因该测试失败。 我得到404。有什么想法吗？

version:

<spring.core.version>3.2.6.RELEASE</spring.core.version> <spring.test.version>3.2.6.RELEASE</spring.test.version> <mockito.version>1.9.5</mockito.version> <junit.version>4.8.2</junit.version>

编辑 ：

@Component
public class HashLinkerModel {

private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(HashLinkerModel.class);

HashLinkerService service;

/** The unicode service. */
UnicodeService unicodeService;

@Autowired
public HashLinkerModel(HashLinkerService service, UnicodeService unicodeService){
    this.service = service;
    this.unicodeService = unicodeService;

}




     /**
 * check if hash exists before creation
 * @param toHash
 * @return
 */
private HashLinker checkAndcreate(HashLinker toHash){


    String hash = this.createHash(toHash.getData());
    toHash.setHash(hash);

    LOGGER.info("add " + hash + ". this is the hash of string " + toHash.getData());

    /* if this hash already in system. return null. otherwise create */
    HashLinker exists =  service.findByHash(toHash.getHash());

    if (null != exists) 
        return exists;
//** we use service here ** 
    return service.create(toHash);
}

public HashLinker create(HashLinker entity) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    RestPreconditions.checkRequestElementNotNull(entity, LOGGER);
    RestPreconditions.checkRequestElementNotNull(entity.getData(), LOGGER);

    String uniName = getUniHelper().unicode(entity.getName());
    String uniDesc = getUniHelper().unicode(entity.getDescription());

    HashLinker toHash = new HashLinker();
    toHash.setData(entity.getData());

    toHash.setType(entity.getType());

    String baseURL = entity.getBaseURL();

    if (null != baseURL) 
            baseURL  = (baseURL.length() > HashLinker.getIntMaxBaseURL()) ? baseURL.substring(0, HashLinker.getIntMaxBaseURL()) : baseURL;

    toHash.setBaseURL(baseURL);
    toHash.setStatus(0);
    // update lecker's macros results
    toHash.setName(uniName);
    toHash.setDescription(uniDesc);


    return checkAndcreate(toHash);

}

Answer 1

把你的线

verify(serviceMock, times(1)).update(first);

后

mockMvc.perform(
        put("/api/hashService/" + hashToCheck)
                .contentType(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
                .content(
                        TestUtil.convertObjectToJsonBytesWithSettersOnly(first))
                .accept(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8));

但在模拟嘲笑断言之前，要验证是否使用了模拟。

您的代码的一般问题：

• 使用注释@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)不需要手动初始化Mockito。

  @MockitoJUnitRunner

  初始化使用Mock注释的模拟，因此不需要显式使用MockitoAnnotations.initMocks（Object） 。

• 单元测试

  我正在寻找一种测试3层结构的方法。

  当测试涉及三层时，该测试为集成测试 。

• 在单元测试中，最好有许多小的方法来测试不同的行为。 因此，一种方法应该测试HTTP响应，第二种方法应该验证是否调用了服务。