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Linux在C中使用管道在父进程和子进程之间传递值?

[英]Linux pass value between parent process and child process using pipe in c?

流程创建一个子流程,将x增加1,然后将x值发送给该子流程,然后该子流程可以将x乘以10,然后将x传递回父流程,依此类推。 您至少应该这样做5次。

输出应如下所示:

初始值0

上级:

运算后的x值:1

儿童:

手术后x值:10

上级:

运算后的x值:11

儿童:

手术后x值:110

上级:

手术后x值:111

儿童

手术后x值:1110

我所拥有的是以下......

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>

#define READ 0
#define WRITE 1

int main()
{
  pid_t pid;
  int mypipefd[2];
  int ret;
  int i;
  int x=0;
  int result,result2;

  ret = pipe(mypipefd);

  if(ret ==-1)                    //test for pipe
    {
      perror("pipe");             //show error and exit  
      exit(1);
    }

  printf("initial value %d\n", x);   

  pid = fork();

  for(i=0;i<5;i++)

{

  if(pid == 0)
    {
        /*Child process*/

  result2=result*10;
  write(mypipefd[WRITE],&result2,sizeof(result2));
  printf("Child:\nx value after operation: %d\n", x);
  close(mypipefd[WRITE]);
  read(mypipefd[READ],&result2,sizeof(result2));

  printf("=======================================\n");
  close(mypipefd[READ]);

}

  else if(pid > 0) 
{
   /*Parent process*/

 result=x++;
 write(mypipefd[READ],&result,sizeof(result));   
 printf("Parent:\nx value after operation: %d\n", x); 
 close(mypipefd[WRITE]);
 read(mypipefd[WRITE],&result,sizeof(result)); 

 printf("=======================================\n");
 close(mypipefd[READ]);
 exit(0);

}

 else
{
  perror("fork");
  exit(1);
    }

  }

}

问题是,我的代码有什么问题? 我试图读取并写回管道,但似乎无法正常工作...

现在我的代码输出是什么:

初始值0

上级:

运算后的x值:1

儿童:

运算后的x值:0

儿童:

运算后的x值:0

儿童:

运算后的x值:0

儿童:

运算后的x值:0

儿童:

运算后的x值:0

我认为要解决的第一个问题是,当您尝试读取/写入数据时,管道的两端都打开了。 如果要将数据写入管道,则需要

close(fd[READ_END])
write(...)
close(fd[WRITE_END])

其次,unix中的管道是单工的。 您似乎正在尝试同时读取和写入管道。 如果要执行此操作,则必须打开两个管道。

我修改了程序,以向您展示如何从管道读取,然后为父/子管道写入管道。 希望这对您有帮助。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>

#define BUFFER_SIZE 25
#define READ  0
#define WRITE 1

int main(void)
{
  pid_t pid;
  //open two pipes, one for each direction
  int mypipefd[2];
  int mypipefd2[2];

  /* create the pipe */
  if (pipe(mypipefd) == -1 || pipe(mypipefd2) == -1) {
    fprintf(stderr,"Pipe failed");
    return 1;
  }

  /* now fork a child process */
  pid = fork();

  if (pid < 0) {
    fprintf(stderr, "Fork failed");
    return 1;
  }

  if (pid > 0) {  /* parent process */  
    int writeValue=10;
    int readValue=0;
    close(mypipefd[READ]);      //close read end, write and then close write end
    write(mypipefd[WRITE],&writeValue,sizeof(writeValue));    //write to pipe one
    printf("Parent: writes value : %d\n", writeValue);
    close(mypipefd[WRITE]);
    close(mypipefd2[WRITE]);        //close write end, read, and then close read end
    read(mypipefd2[READ],&readValue,sizeof(readValue));
    printf("Parent: reads value : %d\n", readValue);
    close(mypipefd2[READ]);
  }
  else { /* child process */
    int writeValue=20;
    int readValue=0;
    close(mypipefd[WRITE]);   //close write end, read, and then close read end
    read(mypipefd[READ],&readValue,sizeof(readValue));
    printf("child: read value : %d\n", readValue);
    writeValue+=readValue;
    close(mypipefd[READ]);
    close(mypipefd2[READ]);       //close read end, write and then close write end
    write(mypipefd2[WRITE],&writeValue,sizeof(writeValue));
    printf("child: writeValue value : %d\n", writeValue);
    close(mypipefd2[WRITE]);

  }

  return 0;
}

这打开两个管道。 父级将值写入第一个管道,而子级则读取该值。 子级更新此值,并将其写入第二方向管道。 然后,父级读取此值,然后感到烦恼! 双向管道通讯。

输出:

Parent: writes value : 10
child: read value : 10
child: write value : 30
Parent: reads value : 30

这样可以扩展到您的应用程序

 if (pid > 0) {  /* parent process */  
    result1++;
    close(mypipefd[READ]);      //close read end, write and then close write end
    write(mypipefd[WRITE],&result1,sizeof(result1));    //write to pipe one
    printf("Parent:\n x value after operation: %d\n", result1);
    close(mypipefd[WRITE]);
    close(mypipefd2[WRITE]);        //close write end, read, and then close read end
    read(mypipefd2[READ],&result1,sizeof(result1));
    close(mypipefd2[READ]);
  }
  else { /* child process */
    close(mypipefd[WRITE]);   //close write end, read, and then close read end
    read(mypipefd[READ],&result2,sizeof(result2));
    result2*=10;
    printf("child:\n x value after operation %d\n", result2);
    close(mypipefd[READ]);
    close(mypipefd2[READ]);       //close read end, write and then close write end
    write(mypipefd2[WRITE],&result2,sizeof(result2));
    close(mypipefd2[WRITE]);
  }

如果将其放入循环中,那么理论上就可以了。 但是,由于上下文切换和其他与OS相关的调度,执行顺序在两个进程之间会变得混乱。 这意味着读取和写入不一定按照您的方式进行,并且不会起作用。 读到这个问题, 如何等待数据写入到管道的另一端

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