[英]RelayCommand Won't Execute On Button Click
我已经被这个问题困住了几个小时。 我正在尝试在 WPF 中实现一个 MVVM 风格的 Word 插件。 我没有使用 MVVM 工具包。 我有一个停靠在 WinForm 中的 WPF 用户控件。 虽然我能够在 win 窗体中看到 WPF 用户控件并与之交互,但当我单击按钮时,绑定到 WPF 按钮的通用RelayCommand<T>
不会执行。 RelayCommand
位于 ViewModel.cs 中,视图的DataContext
是通过代码隐藏设置的。 我确定我在做一些愚蠢的事情,但无法弄清楚它是什么,因此不确定为什么RelayCommand
属性的get{}
不会被执行。 请看下面的代码。 在此先感谢您的帮助!
RelayCommand.cs (代码片段不包括命名空间并包括语句)
/// <summary>
/// RelayCommand
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Generic Parameter</typeparam>
public class RelayCommand<T> : ICommand where T : class
{
#region Constructors
/// <summary>
/// RelayCommand constructor
/// </summary>
/// <param name="exec">Delegate that encapsulates a method that takes in a single parameter and returns void</param>
/// <param name="canExec">Delegate that encapsulates a method that defines a set of criteria and returns a true if criteria is met; else false</param>
public RelayCommand(Action<T> execute, Predicate<T> canExecute = null)
{
if (execute == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("execute is null");
_canExecute = canExecute;
_execute = execute;
}
#endregion
#region Members
/// <summary>
/// Execute method
/// </summary>
/// <param name="param">Parameter</param>
public void Execute(object param)
{
T obj = param as T;
if(obj != null)
{
_execute(obj);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// CanExec is a method that shows whether or not execution can happen
/// </summary>
/// <param name="param">Parameter</param>
/// <returns>true if can execute; else false</returns>
public bool CanExecute(object param)
{
if (_canExecute == null)
return true;
T obj = param as T;
return obj == null || _canExecute(obj);
}
/// <summary>
/// CanExec event changed
/// </summary>
public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged
{
add { CommandManager.RequerySuggested += value; }
remove { CommandManager.RequerySuggested -= value; }
}
#endregion
#region Fields
private readonly Predicate<T> _canExecute;
private readonly Action<T> _execute;
#endregion
}
SubmissionUserControl.xaml (仅相关代码段。不包括一些代码)
<Button Grid.Column="2" x:Name="SubmitButton" Command="{Binding Path=SubmitCommentCommand}"
Content="Submit" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Margin="5"/>
SubmissionUserControl.xaml.cs (包含我引用 ViewModel 的片段)
ViewModel viewModel;
public SubmissionUserControl()
{
InitializeComponent();
viewModel = new ViewModel();
DataContext = viewModel;
}
ViewModel.cs (不包括一些代码。只显示相关的RelayCommand)
/// <summary>
/// SubmitCommentCommand responsible for interacting with UI to submit a comment.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>Returns a RelayCommand that executes a method to Save comments from the comment box</returns>
public ICommand SubmitCommentCommand
{
get
{
return _submitCommentCommand ?? (_submitCommentCommand = new RelayCommand<object>(param => this.SaveComment()));
}
}
为了让您更详细地了解 MVVM 和 RelayCommands:
您不必在 Xaml 中声明您的 ViewModel,这主要是在应用程序根级别以编程方式完成的,也许还有一些 DI。
坚持阅读这篇MSDN 文章时,您的 RelayCommand 应如下所示:
public class RelayCommand : ICommand
{
#region Fields
readonly Action<object> _execute;
readonly Predicate<object> _canExecute;
#endregion // Fields
#region Constructors
public RelayCommand(Action<object> execute)
: this(execute, null)
{
}
public RelayCommand(Action<object> execute, Predicate<object> canExecute)
{
if (execute == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("execute");
_execute = execute;
_canExecute = canExecute;
}
#endregion // Constructors
#region ICommand Members
[DebuggerStepThrough]
public bool CanExecute(object parameter)
{
return _canExecute == null ? true : _canExecute(parameter);
}
public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged
{
add { CommandManager.RequerySuggested += value; }
remove { CommandManager.RequerySuggested -= value; }
}
public void Execute(object parameter)
{
_execute(parameter);
}
#endregion // ICommand Members
}
此外,您可以定义一个通用的 RelayCommand 来处理这样的 Commandparameters:
public class GenericRelayCommand<T> : ICommand
{
private readonly Action<T> _execute;
public Predicate<T> CanExecuteFunc { get; private set; }
public GenericRelayCommand(Action<T> execute) : this(execute, p => true)
{}
public GenericRelayCommand(Action<T> execute, Predicate<T> canExecuteFunc)
{
_execute = execute;
CanExecuteFunc = canExecuteFunc;
}
public bool CanExecute(object parameter)
{
var canExecute = CanExecuteFunc((T)parameter);
return canExecute;
}
public void Execute(object parameter)
{
_execute((T)parameter);
}
public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged
{
add
{
CommandManager.RequerySuggested += value;
}
remove
{
CommandManager.RequerySuggested -= value;
}
}
}
在您的 ViewModel 中,RelayCommands 应该像这样定义(我还实现了 INotifyPropertyChanged 以及进一步的 WPF Xaml 属性处理示例):
public class ViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private string _comment;
public string Comment
{
get { return _comment; }
set { _comment = value; OnPropertyChanged("Comment"); }
}
public GenericRelayCommand<string> SubmitComment1Command { get; set; }
public RelayCommand SubmitComment2Command { get; set; }
public ViewModel()
{
Comment = "Hello World!";
SubmitComment1Command = new GenericRelayCommand<string>(OnSubmitComment1);
SubmitComment2Command = new RelayCommand(OnSubmitComment2);
}
private void OnSubmitComment1(string obj)
{
//Save Comment Mock with CommandParameter
MessageBox.Show(obj);
}
private void OnSubmitComment2(object obj)
{
//Save Comment Mock with Property
MessageBox.Show(Comment);
}
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName = null)
{
var handler = PropertyChanged;
if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
我将您的按钮示例放入一个新的 WPF 应用程序中,如下所示:
<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="MainWindow"
Width="525"
Height="350">
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<StackPanel Grid.Column="0"
Orientation="Horizontal">
<TextBox Name="textBox"
Width="200"
Text="{Binding Comment,
Mode=TwoWay,
UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" />
<Button x:Name="SubmitButton1"
Grid.Column="0"
Margin="5"
HorizontalAlignment="Right"
Command="{Binding Path=SubmitComment1Command}"
CommandParameter="{Binding ElementName=textBox,
Path=Text}"
Content="Submit1" />
</StackPanel>
<Button x:Name="SubmitButton2"
Grid.Column="1"
Margin="5"
HorizontalAlignment="Right"
Command="{Binding Path=SubmitComment2Command}"
Content="Submit2" />
</Grid>
</Window>
并出于简单的原因像这样设置 DataContext(如前所述,这通常是通过根级别的某种 DI 完成的):
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
DataContext = new ViewModel();
}
}
然后一切正常。
我通过告诉模型有关 XAML 中的数据上下文而不是 .cs 文件来解决这个问题。
首先:告诉 Model 你放置视图模型的namespace
,我的如下所示:
xmlns:Local="clr-namespace:MKPL.Views.A01.S020"
第二:在 XAML Resources
添加您的 ViewModel,例如:
<UserControl.Resources>
<Local:ViewModel x:Key="dvm"/>
</UserControl.Resources>
第三:将DataContext
添加到父容器,在我的例子中是Grid
。
<Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" DataContext="{Binding Source={StaticResource dvm}}">
第四:在您的按钮代码中添加数据上下文,如:
<Button Grid.Column="2" x:Name="SubmitButton" Command="{Binding Path=SubmitCommentCommand, Source={StaticResource dvm}}"
Content="Submit" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Margin="5"/>
希望它会帮助你
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