单击按钮时JButton不会更新

Question

当前显示带有8x8随机彩色按钮网格的GUI。 newButton用于将得分显示重置为0，并像单击后启动时一样重新设置网格。 除了Java与显示按钮的方式以及分层的工作方式有关，我无法找到许多解决方案。 这是我正在使用的2个类。

import javax.swing.JFrame; 
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import java.awt.Color;

public class ShinyButtonsApp extends JFrame implements ActionListener {

    private static byte ROWS = 8;
    public int useThis; 
    ShinyButtons shiny = new ShinyButtons();
    public static ImageIcon[] icons = {new ImageIcon("RedButton.png"),
                                       new ImageIcon("OrangeButton.png"), 
                                       new ImageIcon("YellowButton.png"), 
                                       new ImageIcon("GreenButton.png"), 
                                       new ImageIcon("BlueButton.png"), 
                                       new ImageIcon("LightGrayButton.png"), 
                                       new ImageIcon("DarkGrayButton.png")}; 


    public ShinyButtonsApp(String title) { 
        super(title); // Set title of window 
        setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE); // allow window to close 
        setSize(578, 634); // Set size of window 
        setResizable(false);

        getContentPane().setLayout(null);   

        JLabel aLabel = new JLabel("Score: "); 
        aLabel.setLocation(10, 570); 
        aLabel.setSize(80,30); 
        getContentPane().add(aLabel);

        JTextField scoreField = new JTextField(); 
        scoreField.setText(Integer.toString(shiny.score));
        scoreField.setEditable(false);
        scoreField.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        scoreField.setLocation(60, 570); 
        scoreField.setSize(120,30);
        scoreField.setBackground(Color.WHITE); 
        getContentPane().add(scoreField);

        JButton newButton = new JButton("New Game");
        newButton.addActionListener(this);
        newButton.setLocation(348,570);
        newButton.setSize(110,30);
        getContentPane().add(newButton);

        JButton quitButton = new JButton("Quit");
        quitButton.setLocation(468,570);
        quitButton.setSize(80,30);
        getContentPane().add(quitButton);

        resetButtons2();
    } 

    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                shiny.score = 0;
                shiny.resetButtons();
                resetButtons2();
    }

    public void resetButtons2() {
        for (int r=0; r<ROWS; r++) {
            for (int c=0; c<ROWS; c++) {
                ImageIcon image1 = icons[(int)shiny.getButton(r,c)];
                JButton button = new JButton(image1);
                button.setLocation(10+(69*r),10+(69*c));
                button.setSize(69,69);
                button.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.GRAY,1));
                getContentPane().add(button);
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        ShinyButtonsApp frame;      
        frame = new ShinyButtonsApp("Shiny Buttons"); // Create window 
        frame.setVisible(true); // Show window      
    }   
}

和

import javax.swing.JFrame; 
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import java.awt.Color;

public class ShinyButtons extends JPanel{ 
    public static byte RED = 0; 
    public static byte ORANGE = 1; 
    public static byte YELLOW = 2; 
    public static byte GREEN = 3; 
    public static byte BLUE = 4; 
    public static byte LIGHT_GRAY = 5; 
    public static byte DARK_GRAY = 6; 

    public static byte ROWS = 8; 

    public byte[][] buttonTable;

    public int score = 0; 

    public ShinyButtons() { 
        buttonTable = new byte[ROWS][ROWS]; 
        resetButtons(); 
    } 

    public void resetButtons() { 
        for (int r=0; r<ROWS; r++) 
            for (int c=0; c<ROWS; c++) 
                buttonTable[r][c] = (byte)(Math.random()*7); 
    } 

    public byte getButton(int r, int c) { return buttonTable[r][c]; } 

    public int getScore() { return score; }
} 

Answer 1

您将在resetButtons2()中创建一组新的按钮，并将它们放置在相同位置的现有按钮组的顶部（或下面）。 您应该创建一次按钮组，并且仅在重置后更新它们的图标。

您应该做一些事情：

• 使用适当的布局管理器，例如GridLayout
• 仅创建一次8x8的按钮网格，并在需要时替换其图标
• 调用无效/重新绘制以刷新内容窗格

对于JFrame您不需要getContentPane().add(...) ，您可以直接执行add(...)

Answer 2

两件事情。

首先，请确保先删除现有按钮。 或者，您可以简单地更新按钮的状态。 这将需要您首先创建一个数组或按钮List ，然后您的reset方法将对其进行迭代并根据需要更新其属性。

其次，使用适当的布局管理器。 null布局是一个非常糟糕的主意。 您不控制基础平台的字体指标，这将改变按钮在不同系统上的外观，使用户界面的动态性降低

Answer 3

建立在什么这个答案指出（使用布局管理器，而不是设置大小，你应该做的），你可以只通过该组件（循环的图像复位JLabels ）的中JPanel并改变它们的图标。

这个特定的示例将JLabels与MouseListeners一起使用，但可以轻松将其与ActionListeners切换为JButtons

newGame.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
         reset(iconPanel, icons);               <--- call reset method from below
         score = 0;
         scoreField.setText(String.valueOf(score));
    }
});
....

private void reset(JPanel panel, ImageIcon[] icons) {
    Component[] comps = panel.getComponents();
    Random random = new Random();
    for(Component c : comps) {
        if (c instanceof JLabel) {
            JLabel button = (JLabel)c;
            int index = random.nextInt(icons.length);
            button.setIcon(icons[index]);
        }
    }
}

这是完整的运行代码。 您只需要替换图像路径。

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.border.LineBorder;

public class CircleImages {

    private int score = 0;
    private JTextField scoreField = new JTextField(10);

    public CircleImages() {
        scoreField.setEditable(false);

        final ImageIcon[] icons = createImageIcons();
        final JPanel iconPanel = createPanel(icons, 8);

        JPanel bottomLeftPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEADING));
        bottomLeftPanel.add(new JLabel("Score: "));
        bottomLeftPanel.add(scoreField);

        JPanel bottomRightPanel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.TRAILING));
        JButton newGame = new JButton("New Game");
        bottomRightPanel.add(newGame);
        JButton quit = new JButton("Quit");
        bottomRightPanel.add(quit);

        JPanel bottomPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
        bottomPanel.add(bottomLeftPanel);
        bottomPanel.add(bottomRightPanel);

        newGame.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                reset(iconPanel, icons);
                score = 0;
                scoreField.setText(String.valueOf(score));
            }
        });

        JFrame frame = new JFrame();
        frame.add(iconPanel);
        frame.add(bottomPanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }

    private void reset(JPanel panel, ImageIcon[] icons) {
        Component[] comps = panel.getComponents();
        Random random = new Random();
        for(Component c : comps) {
            if (c instanceof JLabel) {
                JLabel button = (JLabel)c;
                int index = random.nextInt(icons.length);
                button.setIcon(icons[index]);
            }
        }
    }

    private JPanel createPanel(ImageIcon[] icons, int gridSize) {
        Random random = new Random();
        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(gridSize, gridSize));
        for (int i = 0; i < gridSize * gridSize; i++) {
            int index = random.nextInt(icons.length);
            JLabel label = new JLabel(icons[index]);
            label.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter(){
                public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
                    score += 1;
                    scoreField.setText(String.valueOf(score));
                }
            });
            label.setBorder(new LineBorder(Color.GRAY, 2));
            panel.add(label);
        }
        return panel;
    }

    private ImageIcon[] createImageIcons() {
        String[] files = {"blackcircle.png",
            "bluecircle.png",
            "greencircle.png",
            "greycircle.png",
            "orangecircle.png",
            "redcircle.png",
            "yellowcircle.png"
        };
        ImageIcon[] icons = new ImageIcon[files.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
            icons[i] = new ImageIcon(getClass().getResource("/circles/" + files[i]));
        }
        return icons;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                new CircleImages();
            }
        });
    }
}