在SQL Server 2012 Express中创建数据库副本

Question

您好，我有用户在使用的数据库。 我想创建该数据库的副本以进行测试。

谁能告诉我该怎么做？ 我试过一切，从SQL Server Express中复制数据库？

但是复制文件并附加它会破坏第一个数据库，并尝试将备份还原到新数据库中，从而引发错误，指出数据库不一样。

谁能建议我解决方案？

正如@Nadeem_MK所建议的，我创建了备份，现在我正尝试使用以下脚本进行还原：

RESTORE DATABASE [Equipment Test]  -- use your new db name
FROM  DISK = N'C:\Backup\ExistingDb.bak'  --Path of backup location
WITH  REPLACE,RECOVERY,  
MOVE N'Equipment Test' TO N'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\ExistingDb.mdf',  --logical name and physical name 
MOVE N'Equipment Test_log' TO N'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\ExistingDb.ldf' --logical name and physical name

这会引发错误：

Msg 1834, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
The file 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment.mdf' cannot be overwritten.  It is being used by database 'Equipment'.
Msg 3156, Level 16, State 4, Line 1
File 'Equipment' cannot be restored to 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment.mdf'. Use WITH MOVE to identify a valid location for the file.
Msg 1834, Level 16, State 1, Line 1

The file 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment_log.ldf' cannot be overwritten.  It is being used by database 'Equipment'.
Msg 3156, Level 16, State 4, Line 1
File 'Equipment_log' cannot be restored to 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment_log.ldf'. Use WITH MOVE to identify a valid location for the file.
Msg 3119, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
Problems were identified while planning for the RESTORE statement. Previous messages provide details.
Msg 3013, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
RESTORE DATABASE is terminating abnormally.

如您所见，还原正在尝试更改备份数据库（而非新数据库）中的文件

@Update：备份脚本：

--To backup Database (Delete the previous backup first)
BACKUP DATABASE Equipment --Database Name
TO DISK = 'C:\Backup\Equipment.bak' WITH INIT --Path of backup location

文件位置：

C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment.mdf
C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment_log.ldf
C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment Test.mdf
C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment Test_log.mdf

恢复功能：

RESTORE DATABASE [Equipment Test]  -- use your new db name
FROM  DISK = N'C:\Backup\Equipment.bak'  --Path of backup location
WITH  REPLACE,RECOVERY,  
MOVE N'Equipment Test' TO N'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment2.mdf',  --logical name and physical name 
MOVE N'Equipment Test_log' TO N'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment_log2.ldf' --logical name and physical name

Answer 1

您可以使用以下脚本创建备份并还原它；

--To backup Database (Delete the previous backup first)
BACKUP DATABASE ExistingDb --Database Name
TO DISK = 'C:\DBBackup\ExistingDb.bak' WITH INIT --Path of backup location

然后恢复它；

RESTORE DATABASE NewDbName  -- use your new db name
FROM  DISK = N'C:\DBBackup\ExistingDb.bak'  --Path of backup location
WITH  REPLACE,RECOVERY,  
MOVE N'Reporting' TO N'C:\Databases\MDF\NewDbName.mdf',  --logical name and physical name 
MOVE N'Reporting_log' TO N'C:\Databases\LDF\NewDbName.ldf' --logical name and physical name

Answer 2

假设这是原始数据库的路径：

C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment.mdf
C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment_log.ldf

备份的文件名称为

Equipment.bak

确保新数据库的文件名与旧数据库的文件名不同。 那就是你得到的错误的意思：

The file 'C:\...' cannot be overwritten.  It is being used by database 'Equipment'.

说明：不要使用已有文件的文件名！

而是给这些起一个新的名字。 像这样：

RESTORE DATABASE [Equipment Test]  -- use your new db name
FROM  DISK = N'C:\Backup\Equipment.bak'  --Path of backup location
WITH  REPLACE,RECOVERY,  
MOVE N'Equipment Test' TO N'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment2.mdf',  --logical name and physical name 
MOVE N'Equipment Test_log' TO N'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL11.SQLEXPRESS\MSSQL\DATA\Equipment_log2.ldf' --logical name and physical name

这基本上是Nadeem_MK的答案，但是现在您应该有了Equipment2.mdf和Equipment_log.ldf ，而不是原来的名称Equipment.mdf和Equipment_log.ldf 。

如果这可行，也请反对Nadeem_MK的回答，因为这基本上是他在说的。 我只是没有足够的声誉来评论他的答案。

Answer 3

简单，请执行以下步骤：

1. 备份主数据库。

2. 创建新数据库，并使用您想要提供的名称进行测试。

3. 将主数据库的备份还原到新创建的测试数据库。

完成！

Answer 4

注意：下面的功能在SQL Express中不可用。为了完整起见，我在这里留下了答案，仅供以后的读者参考。

我能想到的最简单的方法是让Management Studio完成所有工作！

右键单击要复制的数据库，然后在“ 任务”菜单下查找“ 复制数据库...”选项。

Answer 5

为什么不编写数据库脚本并运行脚本？