从文件读入二叉树并写入文件

Question

我正在将一个名为“ Lincoln.txt”的文件读入一个二叉树中，并按字母顺序将其放入我的树中，我应该将该单词和单词的计数写入一个名为“ index.txt”的文件中。 现在，我可以毫无问题地将它们读入二进制树，但是我不确定如何将它们写入“ index.txt”。 我检查完文件后，得到的只是地址。 你能帮我吗？

这是我的编码：

main.cpp中

#include <iostream>
#include "NodeClass.h"
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    string myString;
    BinaryTree myTree("");
    ifstream infile;

    infile.open("Lincoln.txt");

    while(infile)
    {
        infile >> myString;
        myTree.insert(myString, myTree.root);
    }

    ofstream outFile;

    outFile.open("index.txt");

    myTree.print(myTree.root, outFile);

    outFile.close();
}

NodeClass.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include "NodeClass.h"

using namespace std;

void BinaryTree::insert(ElementType data, TreeNode *&tree)
{
    if (tree == NULL)
    {
        tree = new TreeNode(data);
    }
    else if(data < tree->data)
        insert(data, tree->left);
    else if(data > tree->data)
        insert(data, tree->right);
    else if(data == tree->data)
        tree->count++;

}

void BinaryTree::display(TreeNode *tree, ostream& out)
{
    if (tree != NULL)
    {
        display(tree->left, out);
        out << tree->data<<" ";
        display(tree->right, out);
    }
}

void BinaryTree::print(TreeNode *tree, ofstream& outFile)
{

    if (tree != NULL)
    {
        outFile << tree->left;
        outFile << tree->data << " " << tree->count;
        outFile << tree->right;
    }

}

NodeClass.h

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

#ifndef TREENODE_H
#define TREENODE_H

typedef std::string ElementType;

class BinaryTree
{
public:
    class TreeNode
    {
    public:
        ElementType data;
        int count;
        TreeNode *left;
        TreeNode *right;
        TreeNode(ElementType new_data)
            { data = new_data; left = NULL; right = NULL;};     
    };
TreeNode *root;
BinaryTree(ElementType root_data)
    { root = new TreeNode(root_data); };
~BinaryTree() { delete root;};
void insert(ElementType data, TreeNode *&tree);
void display(TreeNode *tree, ostream& out);
void print(TreeNode *tree, ofstream& outFile);
};

#endif TREENODE_H

Lincoln.txt

 The Gettysburg Address



                Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

               November 19, 1863 





Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in

Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. 



Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and 

so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate 

a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation 

might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. 



But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. 

The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add 

or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what 

they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they 

who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great 

task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for 

which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not 

have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government 

of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. 

写入index.txt之后，这就是我得到的：

00000000 -8421504510035D230

编辑：我的教授说我的打印功能应该是递归功能，但是我不知道该怎么做。

Answer 1

您需要递归遍历所有节点并打印它们。 尝试这个。

void BinaryTree::print(TreeNode *tree, ofstream& outFile)
{ 
     if (tree != NULL)
    {
        print( tree->left, outfile);
        outFile << tree->data << " " << tree->count << ".";
        print( tree->right, outfile);
    }
}

请参阅Wiki，以了解遍历的工作原理。 上面给出的一个称为Inorder traversal 。

1. 首先遍历左子树
2. 遍历根
3. 首先遍历右子树