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使用if表达式时,“不匹配的类型:预期的())是什么意思?

[英]What does “mismatched types: expected `()`” mean when using an if expression?

我试图在Rust中实现fizzbuzz,但由于一些不可思议的错误而失败:

fn main() {
    let mut i = 1;

    while i < 100 {
        println!(
            "{}{}{}",
            if i % 3 == 0 { "Fizz" },
            if i % 5 == 0 { "Buzz" },
            if !(i % 3 == 0 || i % 5 == 0) { i },
        );
        i += 1;
    }
}

错误:

error: mismatched types: expected `()` but found `&'static str` (expected () but found &-ptr)
                 if i % 3 == 0 { "Fizz" },
                               ^~~~~~~~~~
error: mismatched types: expected `()` but found `&'static str` (expected () but found &-ptr)
                 if i % 5 == 0 { "Buzz" },
                               ^~~~~~~~~~
error: mismatched types: expected `()` but found `<generic integer #0>` (expected () but found integral variable)
                 if !(i % 3 == 0 || i % 5 == 0) {
                     i
                 });

较新版本的Rust具有稍微修改的错误消息:

error[E0317]: if may be missing an else clause
 --> src/main.rs:7:13
  |
7 |             if i % 3 == 0 { "Fizz" },
  |             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ expected (), found &str
  |
  = note: expected type `()`
             found type `&str`

error[E0317]: if may be missing an else clause
 --> src/main.rs:8:13
  |
8 |             if i % 5 == 0 { "Buzz" },
  |             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ expected (), found &str
  |
  = note: expected type `()`
             found type `&str`

error[E0317]: if may be missing an else clause
 --> src/main.rs:9:13
  |
9 |             if !(i % 3 == 0 || i % 5 == 0) { i },
  |             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ expected (), found integral variable
  |
  = note: expected type `()`
             found type `{integer}`

我发现为什么删除return会给我一个错误:预期为'()',但是找到了 ,但是按建议添加return并没有帮助。

这些错误是什么意思,将来如何避免?

问题是, if i % 3 == 0 { "Fizz" }返回unit ()&'static str 更改if表达式以在两种情况下返回相同的类型,例如,通过添加else { "" }

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