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如何在java中设置SSL协议版本? 我怎么知道是哪一个? javax.net.ssl.SSLException:收到致命警报:protocol_version

[英]How do I set SSL protocol version in java? And how do I know which one? javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Received fatal alert: protocol_version

我正在使用 Apache HttpClient 4.3 与 hubic.com 的 API 进行交互。 我的最小可重复示例只是一个衬垫:

HttpClientBuilder.create().build().execute(new HttpGet("https://hubic.com"));

然而,抛出:

Exception in thread "main" javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Received fatal alert: protocol_version
    at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:208)
    at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:154)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.recvAlert(SSLSocketImpl.java:1991)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1104)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1343)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1371)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1355)
    at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.createLayeredSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:275)
    at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory.connectSocket(SSLConnectionSocketFactory.java:254)
    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.HttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(HttpClientConnectionOperator.java:117)
    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:314)
    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.establishRoute(MainClientExec.java:363)
    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.MainClientExec.execute(MainClientExec.java:219)
    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.ProtocolExec.execute(ProtocolExec.java:195)
    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RetryExec.execute(RetryExec.java:86)
    at org.apache.http.impl.execchain.RedirectExec.execute(RedirectExec.java:108)
    at org.apache.http.impl.client.InternalHttpClient.doExecute(InternalHttpClient.java:186)
    at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:82)
    at org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient.execute(CloseableHttpClient.java:106)

如果我使用System.setProperty("javax.net.debug", "all");运行,这是输出System.setProperty("javax.net.debug", "all");

trustStore is: /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/jre/lib/security/cacerts
trustStore type is : jks
trustStore provider is : 
init truststore

adding as trusted cert: [... extremely large list ...]

trigger seeding of SecureRandom
done seeding SecureRandom
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Allow unsafe renegotiation: false
Allow legacy hello messages: true
Is initial handshake: true
Is secure renegotiation: false
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for SSLv3
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for SSLv3
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for SSLv3
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for SSLv3
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for SSLv3
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for SSLv3
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for SSLv3
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
%% No cached client session
*** ClientHello, TLSv1.2
RandomCookie:  GMT: 1402182685 bytes = { 227, 155, 148, 161, 7, 104, 221, 182, 254, 133, 216, 198, 118, 211, 223, 229, 43, 82, 207, 1, 102, 245, 112, 117, 253, 69, 43, 162 }
Session ID:  {}
Cipher Suites: [TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5, TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV]
Compression Methods:  { 0 }
Extension elliptic_curves, curve names: {secp256r1, sect163k1, sect163r2, secp192r1, secp224r1, sect233k1, sect233r1, sect283k1, sect283r1, secp384r1, sect409k1, sect409r1, secp521r1, sect571k1, sect571r1, secp160k1, secp160r1, secp160r2, sect163r1, secp192k1, sect193r1, sect193r2, secp224k1, sect239k1, secp256k1}
Extension ec_point_formats, formats: [uncompressed]
Extension signature_algorithms, signature_algorithms: SHA512withECDSA, SHA512withRSA, SHA384withECDSA, SHA384withRSA, SHA256withECDSA, SHA256withRSA, SHA224withECDSA, SHA224withRSA, SHA1withECDSA, SHA1withRSA, SHA1withDSA, MD5withRSA
Extension server_name, server_name: [type=host_name (0), value=hubic.com]
***
[write] MD5 and SHA1 hashes:  len = 225
0000: 01 00 00 DD 03 03 54 94   9C 1D E3 9B 94 A1 07 68  ......T........h
0010: DD B6 FE 85 D8 C6 76 D3   DF E5 2B 52 CF 01 66 F5  ......v...+R..f.
0020: 70 75 FD 45 2B A2 00 00   46 C0 23 C0 27 00 3C C0  pu.E+...F.#.'.<.
0030: 25 C0 29 00 67 00 40 C0   09 C0 13 00 2F C0 04 C0  %.).g.@...../...
0040: 0E 00 33 00 32 C0 2B C0   2F 00 9C C0 2D C0 31 00  ..3.2.+./...-.1.
0050: 9E 00 A2 C0 08 C0 12 00   0A C0 03 C0 0D 00 16 00  ................
0060: 13 C0 07 C0 11 00 05 C0   02 C0 0C 00 04 00 FF 01  ................
0070: 00 00 6E 00 0A 00 34 00   32 00 17 00 01 00 03 00  ..n...4.2.......
0080: 13 00 15 00 06 00 07 00   09 00 0A 00 18 00 0B 00  ................
0090: 0C 00 19 00 0D 00 0E 00   0F 00 10 00 11 00 02 00  ................
00A0: 12 00 04 00 05 00 14 00   08 00 16 00 0B 00 02 01  ................
00B0: 00 00 0D 00 1A 00 18 06   03 06 01 05 03 05 01 04  ................
00C0: 03 04 01 03 03 03 01 02   03 02 01 02 02 01 01 00  ................
00D0: 00 00 0E 00 0C 00 00 09   68 75 62 69 63 2E 63 6F  ........hubic.co
00E0: 6D                                                 m
main, WRITE: TLSv1.2 Handshake, length = 225
[Raw write]: length = 230
0000: 16 03 03 00 E1 01 00 00   DD 03 03 54 94 9C 1D E3  ...........T....
0010: 9B 94 A1 07 68 DD B6 FE   85 D8 C6 76 D3 DF E5 2B  ....h......v...+
0020: 52 CF 01 66 F5 70 75 FD   45 2B A2 00 00 46 C0 23  R..f.pu.E+...F.#
0030: C0 27 00 3C C0 25 C0 29   00 67 00 40 C0 09 C0 13  .'.<.%.).g.@....
0040: 00 2F C0 04 C0 0E 00 33   00 32 C0 2B C0 2F 00 9C  ./.....3.2.+./..
0050: C0 2D C0 31 00 9E 00 A2   C0 08 C0 12 00 0A C0 03  .-.1............
0060: C0 0D 00 16 00 13 C0 07   C0 11 00 05 C0 02 C0 0C  ................
0070: 00 04 00 FF 01 00 00 6E   00 0A 00 34 00 32 00 17  .......n...4.2..
0080: 00 01 00 03 00 13 00 15   00 06 00 07 00 09 00 0A  ................
0090: 00 18 00 0B 00 0C 00 19   00 0D 00 0E 00 0F 00 10  ................
00A0: 00 11 00 02 00 12 00 04   00 05 00 14 00 08 00 16  ................
00B0: 00 0B 00 02 01 00 00 0D   00 1A 00 18 06 03 06 01  ................
00C0: 05 03 05 01 04 03 04 01   03 03 03 01 02 03 02 01  ................
00D0: 02 02 01 01 00 00 00 0E   00 0C 00 00 09 68 75 62  .............hub
00E0: 69 63 2E 63 6F 6D                                  ic.com
[Raw read]: length = 5
0000: 15 03 00 00 02                                     .....
[Raw read]: length = 2
0000: 02 46                                              .F
main, READ: SSLv3 Alert, length = 2
main, RECV TLSv1.2 ALERT:  fatal, protocol_version
main, called closeSocket()
main, handling exception: javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Received fatal alert: protocol_version

如果我尝试访问例如https://google.com ,则不会引发任何异常。 所以它猜测 SSL with Java 在我的系统上不能完全破坏,但它与与 hubic.com 的组合有关。

错误protocol_version不是很有帮助,但在这个问题中,建议我的客户端使用另一个协议版本而不是服务器(我猜“服务器和客户端无法就协议达成一致”会更准确)。

我如何确定服务器将同意哪些协议版本以及如何在我的客户端中启用这些版本? 我是否应该担心这个问题(例如,hubic 是否只允许使用不受支持的旧协议?(Firefox 当然不会抱怨任何不安全的东西)。

我从调试中看到 Java 进行了 TLS1.2 握手,而不是更常见的 SSLv23 握手:

main, WRITE: TLSv1.2 Handshake, length = 225
[Raw write]: length = 230
0000: 16 03 03 00
         ^^^^^ - TLS1.2 (SSL3.3)

服务器本身只能做 TLS1.0 并且不能只是宣布这个旧版本。 我不熟悉 Java,但您需要将协议版本设置为 TLSv1 或 SSLv23 才能与此服务器通信。

以下代码将仅使用 Apache HttpClient 设置 TLSv1:

HttpClientBuilder
  .create()
  .setSslcontext(SSLContexts.custom().useProtocol("TLSv1").build())
  .build()
  .execute(new HttpGet("https://hubic.com"));

编辑以包括评论中的问题:

如果您说服务器“无法仅发布此旧版本”,是否意味着服务器配置错误? 在这种情况下,为什么 Firefox&Chromium 没有任何问题?

如果客户端在 ClientHello 中宣布 TLS1.2 而服务器只能做 TLS1.0,它应该宣布这一点,即回复 TLS1.0。 如果 TLS1.0 不够好,客户端可以关闭连接或继续使用 TLS1.0。 但是,在这种情况下,服务器只是告诉客户端它不喜欢这个版本并关闭了连接。 Firefox 和其他公司改为发布 SSLv23 公告,他们在其中进行 TLS1.0 握手,但也发布了他们支持的最佳协议版本。 这通常适用于从 SSL3.0 开始的旧服务器,但也适用于较新的服务器。

您可以使用最近的 Perl/IO::Socket::SSL 和此脚本检查服务器的行为。

$ perl analyze-ssl.pl hubic.com
-- hubic.com port 443
 * maximum SSL version  : TLSv1 (SSLv23)
 * supported SSL versions with handshake used and preferred cipher(s):
   * handshake protocols ciphers
   * SSLv23    TLSv1     AES256-SHA
   * TLSv1_2   FAILED: SSL connect attempt failed error:1408F10B:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_RECORD:wrong version number
   * TLSv1_1   FAILED: SSL connect attempt failed error:1408F10B:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_RECORD:wrong version number
   * TLSv1     TLSv1     AES256-SHA
   * SSLv3     FAILED: SSL connect attempt failed because of handshake problems error:1409442E:SSL routines:SSL3_READ_BYTES:tlsv1 alert protocol version

在这里您可以看到,主机支持 SSLv23 和 TLSv1 握手,但不支持使用的 TLSv1_2 握手。

HttpClient 可以为其SSLConnectionSocketFactory获取SSLContext

您可以使用getInstance静态方法在SSLContext的属性中设置适当的 TLS 版本。

类似于SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLSv1");

如果您只需要强制使用一种协议(因为getInstance可以返回一个支持多种协议的协议),您可以在使用getInstance检索到的context使用setEnabledProtocols方法(它采用String[] )。

我也遇到过这个问题。 某些站点无法访问,抛出神秘的:javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Received fatal alert: protocol_version

我试图按照这里给出的一些提示来修复它,但没有成功。 有一次,通常的想法“它以前可以工作......”,真的开始唠叨我。

最初,我认为我尝试连接的站点发生了一些变化。 然而,由于这是一个遗留类型的网站,它不太可能。 那么,还能是什么..? 一度我想到了“Java 版”。 不太可能,但也许值得一试。

事实上,如果我使用 SDK 1.6.0_25 编译我的代码,我可以从以前抛出错误的站点获取内容。 较新的版本给我带来了问题:1.7.0_51 和 1.8.0。

如果效果重现上面最初由“Yankee”发布的单线,我已将其归结为尽可能小的部分。 我使用了同一行,包括相同的 URL。

使用 SDK 1.6 编译它可以工作。

我在 Java 和 SSL 方面不够熟练,无法理解这背后的根本问题。 但是,应该有人能够将代码并排放置,并对其进行追踪。

这可能会节省一些人浪费的几个小时。

看起来您没有使用 java 1.8

在 Java 1.8 中,默认 TLS 协议版本为 v1.2,而在 Java 1.6、1.7 中默认为 TLS1.0。 正如您在日志ClientHello, TLSv1.2 中所见,这意味着您现在使用的是 java 1.6 或 1.7,您可以切换到 1.8 或只需添加

静态{ System.setProperty("https.protocols", "TLSv1.2"); }

在主类之前的应用程序类中,让您保持当前的 Java 版本
.. 希望这可以帮助 !!

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