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Java中异常的不良程序性能

[英]Unusual bad program performance in Java

 原文  2015-03-09 23:10:59  2   1    java/ performance/ for-loop/ optimization/ arraylist

问题描述

我是一个新手程序员，我用Java编写了第一款游戏，并且我刚刚实现了目标AI，现在无论何时运行它，总是一开始就很滞后，我想解释一下为什么要这样做或一种方法这样更好，谢谢您。

代码：（最有可能导致延迟的原因） 

public class Handler {
//Use Linked Lists
private Animator a;
private boolean renderMini;
private int x, y;
public LinkedList<GameObject> object = new LinkedList<GameObject>();
public LinkedList<EntityObject> entity = new LinkedList<EntityObject>();
public LinkedList<Faction> faction = new LinkedList<Faction>();

public Handler(){
    a = new Animator();
    this.renderMini = false;
}

public void render(Graphics g){
    ///if(GameMain.numFrames > 5){
        if(renderMini){
            a.AnimateMini(g, x, y, 32, 32);
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < entity.size(); i++){
            EntityObject tempObject = entity.get(i);

            tempObject.render(g);
        }

        for(int i = 0; i < object.size(); i++){
            GameObject tempObject = object.get(i);

            tempObject.render(g);
        }
    //}
}

public void tick(){ 
    //if(GameMain.numFrames > 5){
        for(int i = 0; i < entity.size(); i++){
            EntityObject tempObject = entity.get(i);
            tempObject.tick();
        }

        for(int i = 0; i < object.size(); i++){
            GameObject tempObject = object.get(i);

            tempObject.tick();
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < faction.size(); i++){
            Faction tempObject = faction.get(i);

            tempObject.tick();
        }
    //}
}   
public void addEntity(EntityObject o){
    this.entity.add(o);
}

public void removeEntity(EntityObject o){
    this.entity.remove(o);
}

public void addObject(GameObject o){
    this.object.add(o);
}

public void removeObject(GameObject o){
    if(o instanceof NpcLaser){
        x = o.getX();
        y = o.getY();
        renderMini = true;
    }
    if(o instanceof PlayerLaser){
        x = o.getX();
        y = o.getY();
        renderMini = true;
    }
    this.object.remove(o);
}

public void addFaction(Faction f){
    this.faction.add(f);
}

public void removeFaction(Faction f){
    this.faction.remove(f);
}

} 

public class StandardShip extends EntityObject{
private Handler h;
private Random r;
private Animator a;
private Faction ef;
private EntityObject object;
private int desX, desY;
private int  lx, ly, targetX, targetY; //target;
private boolean animateReady;
public static int isDead, ran, ra, rn;
public static boolean thisDeath;
public static boolean choAttack, choDefense, choSpeed, choShealth, choCommanding;


public StandardShip(int x, int y, int width, int height, Handler h, Faction f) {
    super(x, y, width, height, h);

    r = new Random();

    a = new Animator();

    this.setDeath(false);
    this.x = x;
    this.y = y;
    this.width = width;
    this.height = height;
    this.h = h;
    /*this.isDead = 0;
    this.thisDeath = false;
    this.p = p;*/
    this.health = 100;
    this.animateReady = false;
    //this.target = 1;
    this.killLim = r.nextInt(4) + 1;
    EntityObject.f = f;
    EntityObject.f.addMember(this);

    this.attackLim = 20;
    this.defenseLim = 20;
    this.speedLim = 20;
    this.shealthLim = 20;
    this.commandingLim = 20;
    this.currency = 0;

    this.attack = r.nextInt(attackLim);
    this.defense = r.nextInt(defenseLim) + 1;
    this.speed = r.nextInt(speedLim) + 2;
    this.shealth = r.nextInt(shealthLim);
    this.commanding = r.nextInt(commandingLim);

    this.velX = 1;
    this.velY = 1;
    this.SearchTime = 1000;
    this.desX = r.nextInt(Window.screensize.width + 1000);
    this.desY = r.nextInt(Window.screensize.height + 1000);
    //this.vectW = 5;
    rn = r.nextInt(5);

    if(rn == 0){
        if(attack < 15){
            attack = r.nextInt(attackLim) + 15;
        }
    }
    if(rn == 1){
        if(defense < 15){
            defense = r.nextInt(defenseLim) + 15;
        }
    }
    if(rn == 2){
        if(speed < 15){
            speed = r.nextInt(speedLim) + 15;
        }
    }
    if(rn == 3){
        if(shealth < 15){
            shealth = r.nextInt(shealthLim) + 15;
        }
    }
    if(rn == 4){
        if(commanding < 15){
            commanding = r.nextInt(commandingLim) + 15;
        }
    }

    if(choAttack){
        if(attack < 15){
            attack = r.nextInt(attackLim) + 15;
        }
    }
    if(choDefense){
        if(defense < 15){
            defense = r.nextInt(defenseLim) + 15;
        }
    }
    if(choSpeed){
        if(speed < 15){
            speed = r.nextInt(speedLim) + 15;
        }

    }
    if(choShealth){
        if(shealth < 15){
            shealth = r.nextInt(shealthLim) + 15;
        }
    }
    if(choCommanding){
        if(commanding < 15){
            commanding = r.nextInt(commandingLim) + 15;
        }

    }
}


public void tick() {
    x = GameMain.clamp(0, Window.screensize.width + 1000, x);
    y = GameMain.clamp(0, Window.screensize.height + 1000, y);
    x += velX;
    y += velY;
    EnemySize = f.isEnemy.size();
    if(coolDown > 0){
        coolDown--;
        coolDown = GameMain.clamp(0, 1000, coolDown);
    }
    if(this.target == null){
        for(int i = 0; i < EnemySize; i++){
            ef = EntityObject.f.isEnemy.get(i);
            memberSize = ef.members.size();
        }   
    }
    for(int i = 0; i < ef.members.size(); i++){
        object = ef.members.get(i);

        if(object.getX() >= this.x && object.getX() <= this.x + 300){
            this.setTarget(object);
            System.out.println("TargetSS");
            i = ef.members.size();
        }
        if(object.getY() >= this.y && object.getY() <= this.y + 300){
            this.setTarget(object);
            System.out.println("TargetSS");
            i = ef.members.size();
        }
    }
    if(this.target != null && coolDown <= 0){
        targetX = this.target.getX();
        targetY = this.target.getY();
        attack(targetX, targetY);
        coolDown = 500;
    }
    if(this.target == null){
        wander();
    }
    /*rand = r.nextInt(100);
    if(kills == killLim){
        level++;
        levelUp();
        kills = 0;
        killLim += killLim/2;
    }

    x += velX;
    y += velY;

    if(y < vectY && velY == -1){velY *= -1;}
    if(y > vectY && velY == 1){velY *= -1;}
    if(x < vectX && velX == -1){velX *= -1;}
    if(x > vectX && velX == 1){velX *= -1;}
    if(x == vectX){
        if(r.nextInt(2) == 0){
            vectX = r.nextInt(Window.screensize.width);
        }else{
            velX = 0;
        }
    }
    if(y == vectY){
        if(r.nextInt(2) == 0){
            vectY = r.nextInt(Window.screensize.height);
        }else{
            velY = 0;
        }
    }*/


    if(this.isDamage > 0 && this.isDamage > defense){
        health -= isDamage - (defense / 2);
        isDamage = 0;
        //System.out.println("HELLO");
    }
}

public void wander(){
    if(y < desY && velY == -1){velY *= -1;}
    if(y > desY && velY == 1){velY *= -1;}
    if(x < desX && velX == -1){velX *= -1;}
    if(x > desX && velX == 1){velX *= -1;}

    System.out.println("desY: "+desY+" desX: "
            +desX+" Y: "+y+" X: "+x+" velX: "+velX+" velY: "+velY);

    if(x == desX){
        //if(r.nextInt(2) == 0){
            desX = r.nextInt(Window.screensize.width + 1000);
        //}else{
            velX = 0;
        //}
    }
    if(y == desY){
        //if(r.nextInt(2) == 0){
            desY = r.nextInt(Window.screensize.height + 1000);
        //}else{
            velY = 0;
        //}
    }
}

public void levelUp(){
    this.health +=  r.nextInt(300) + 100;
    this.attack += r.nextInt(attackLim);
    this.defense += r.nextInt(defenseLim) + 1;
    this.speed += r.nextInt(speedLim) + 2;
    this.shealth += r.nextInt(shealthLim);
    this.commanding += r.nextInt(commandingLim);


    if(choAttack){
        attack += (r.nextInt(attackLim) + 15)/2;
    }
    if(choDefense){
        defense += (r.nextInt(defenseLim) + 15)/2;
    }
    if(choSpeed){
        speed += (r.nextInt(speedLim) + 15)/2;
    }
    if(choShealth){
        shealth += (r.nextInt(shealthLim) + 15)/2;
    }
    if(choCommanding){
        commanding += (r.nextInt(commandingLim) + 15)/2;    
    }
}

public void Collision(Graphics g){
    /*for(int i = 0; i < h.object.size(); i++){
        GameObject tempObject = h.object.get(i);

        if(tempObject.getId() == ID.Money){
            Money m = (Money) tempObject;
            if(getBounds().intersects(tempObject.getBounds())){
                currency += m.getCashValue();
                h.removeObject(tempObject);
            }
        }
        if(tempObject.getId() == ID.ShipPart){
            ShipPart s = (ShipPart) tempObject;
            if(getBounds().intersects(tempObject.getBounds())){
                numShipParts++;
                h.removeObject(tempObject);
            }
        }
        if(tempObject.getId() == ID.Meteor){
            Meteor m = (Meteor) tempObject;
            if(getBounds().intersects(tempObject.getBounds())){
                Rectangle OverLap = getBounds().intersection(tempObject.getBounds());
                if(OverLap.height >= OverLap.width){
                    if(m.isDoesDamage() && !m.isExplodes() && !m.isOnFire()){
                        this.health -= m.getDamage();
                        velX *= -2;
                    }
                    if(m.isDoesDamage() && m.isExplodes() || m.isDoesDamage() && m.isOnFire()){
                        if(m.isExplodes()){
                            a.AnimateExplosion(g, tempObject.getX(), tempObject.getY(), 32, 32);
                            this.health -= m.getDamage();
                            if(a.isFin[0]){
                                h.removeObject(tempObject);
                                a.isFin[0] = false;
                            }
                        }
                        if(m.isOnFire()){
                            this.health -= m.getDamage();
                            velX *= -2;
                        }
                    }else{
                        velX *= -2;
                    }
                }
                if(OverLap.width >= OverLap.height){
                    if(m.isDoesDamage() && !m.isExplodes() && !m.isOnFire()){
                        this.health -= m.getDamage();
                        velY *= -2;
                    }
                    if(m.isDoesDamage() && m.isExplodes() || m.isDoesDamage() && m.isOnFire()){
                        if(m.isExplodes()){
                            this.health -= m.getDamage();
                            m.setExplodeNow(true);
                        }
                        if(m.isOnFire()){
                            this.health -= m.getDamage();
                            velY *= -2;
                        }
                    }else{
                        velY *= -2;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        if(tempObject.getId() == ID.Player){
            p = (Player) tempObject;
            if(getBounds().intersects(tempObject.getBounds())){
                Rectangle OverLap = getBounds().intersection(tempObject.getBounds());
                health -= r.nextInt(10) + 10;
                p.setDamage(r.nextInt(10) + 10);
                if(OverLap.height >= OverLap.width){
                    tempObject.setVelX(0);
                }
                if(OverLap.width >= OverLap.height){
                    tempObject.setVelY(0);
                }
            }
        }
    }*/
}

public void attack(int targetX, int targetY){

    System.out.println("Hello");
    h.addObject(new NpcLaser(x + 60, y + 60, 5, 9, h, f, targetX, targetY, this.attack));
}

public void render(Graphics g) {
    a.AnimateEnemy(g, this.x, this.y, this.width, this.height, f);
    if(animateReady){
        a.AnimateMini(g, lx, ly, ran, ran);
    }
    if(health <= 0){
        setDeath(true);
        StandardShip.thisDeath = true;
        a.AnimateExplosion(g, x, y, width, height);

        if(Animator.isFin[0]){
            ra = r.nextInt(10);

            isDead++;

            if(ra <= 7){
                h.addObject(new Money(x, y, 32, 32, ID.Money, h, currency));
            }else{
                for(int i = 0; i < numShipParts; i++){
                    h.addObject(new ShipPart(x, y, 32, 32, ID.ShipPart, h));
                }
            }
            h.removeEntity(this);
            Animator.isFin[0] = false;
        }
    }
    g.setColor(Color.red);
}

public Rectangle getBounds() {
    return new Rectangle(x + 40, y + 37, 50, 50);
}

} 

public class NpcLaser extends GameObject{
private Handler h;
private Faction f, ef;
private int laserAim;
private int currentTarget;
private int vectorX, vectorY;
private int damage;

public NpcLaser(int x, int y, int width, int height, Handler h, Faction f, int targetX, int targetY, int attack) {
    super(x, y, width, height, h);

    this.x = x;
    this.y = y;
    this.width = width;
    this.height = height;
    this.h = h;
    this.f = f;
    this.vectorX = targetX;
    this.vectorY = targetY;
    this.damage = attack;
    new Animator();

    aimAI();
}


public void tick() {

    System.out.println("Hello");
    //Collision(g);
    x += velX;
    y += velY;

    if(velX == 0 && velY == 0){
        h.object.remove();
    }

    for(int i = 0; i < f.isEnemy.size(); i++){
        ef = f.isEnemy.get(i);
    }


    for(int u = 0; u < ef.members.size(); u++){
        EntityObject eo = ef.members.get(u);

        if(getBounds().intersects(eo.getBounds())){
            eo.setDamage(damage);
            h.removeObject(this);
        }
    }

    if(x > Window.screensize.getWidth() + 1200 || x < 0 - 1200){
        h.removeObject(this);
    }
    if(y > Window.screensize.getHeight() + 1200 || y < 0 - 1200){
        h.removeObject(this);
    }
}

public void aimAI(){
    if(x < vectorX){velX = 10;}
    if(x > vectorX){velX = -10;}
    if(y < vectorY){velY = 10;}
    if(y > vectorY){velY = -10;}
    if(x <= vectorX + 60 && x >= vectorX - 60){velX = 0;}
    if(y <= vectorY + 60 && y >= vectorY - 60){velY = 0;}
}

public void render(Graphics g) {
    /*if(p.isRemoveShot()){
        h.removeObject(this);
        p.setRemoveShot(false);
    }*/
    if(velX == 10 && velY == 10 || velX == -10 && velY == -10){
        laserAim = 3;
    }
    if(velX == 10 && velY == -10 || velX == -10 && velY == 10){
        laserAim = 2;
    }
    if(velX == 10 && velY == 0 || velX == -10 && velY == 0){
        laserAim = 1;
    }
    if(velX == 0 && velY == 10 || velX == 0 && velY == -10){
        laserAim = 0;
    }

    if(laserAim == 0){
        g.drawImage(Assets.playerLaser, x, y, width, height, null);
    }
    if(laserAim == 1){
        g.drawImage(Assets.playerLaser1, x, y, width, height, null);
    }
    if(laserAim == 2){
        g.drawImage(Assets.playerLaser2, x, y, width, height, null);
    }
    if(laserAim == 3){
        g.drawImage(Assets.playerLaser3, x, y, width, height, null);
    }
}



public int getDamage() {
    return damage;
}


public void setDamage(int damage) {
    this.damage = damage;
}


public int getCurrentTarget() {
    return currentTarget;
}


public void setCurrentTarget(int currentTarget) {
    this.currentTarget = currentTarget;
}


public Rectangle getBounds() {
    return new Rectangle(x, y, width, height);
}

}

完整的源代码在这里

1 个解决方案

解决方案1
 5  2015-03-09 23:13:28

for(int i = 0; i < entity.size(); i++){
        EntityObject tempObject = entity.get(i);

        tempObject.render(g);
}

您的代码包含几个看起来像这样的循环，每个循环都需要二次时间，因为它们运行在LinkedList ，这需要O(n)时间进行get 。 您几乎应该肯定使用ArrayList ，或者至少使用for-each循环，例如 

for (EntityObject tempObject : entity) {
  tempObject.render(g);
}

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