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列表中的contains()方法无法按预期工作

[英]contains() method in List not working as expected

contains()方法的api说

“如果此列表包含指定的元素,则返回true。更正式地说,当且仅当此列表包含至少一个元素e使得(o == null?e == null:o.equals(e))时,返回true。

我在类中覆盖了equals()方法,但是当我检查时contains()仍返回false

我的代码

class Animal implements Comparable<Animal>{
    int legs;
    Animal(int legs){this.legs=legs;}
    public int compareTo(Animal otherAnimal){
        return this.legs-otherAnimal.legs;
    }
    public String toString(){return this.getClass().getName();}

    public boolean equals(Animal otherAnimal){
        return (this.legs==otherAnimal.legs) && 
                (this.getClass().getName().equals(otherAnimal.getClass().getName()));
    }

    public int hashCode(){
        byte[] byteVal = this.getClass().getName().getBytes();
        int sum=0;
        for(int i=0, n=byteVal.length; i<n ; i++)
            sum+=byteVal[i];
        sum+=this.legs;
        return sum;
    }

}
class Spider extends Animal{
    Spider(int legs){super(legs);}
}
class Dog extends Animal{
    Dog(int legs){super(legs);}
}
class Man extends Animal{
    Man(int legs){super(legs);}
}

原谅类背后的坏概念,但是我只是测试对我的概念的理解。

现在,当我尝试此操作时,即使覆盖equals,它也会打印false

List<Animal> li=new ArrayList<Animal>();
Animal a1=new Dog(4);
li.add(a1);
li.add(new Man(2));
li.add(new Spider(6));

List<Animal> li2=new ArrayList<Animal>();
Collections.addAll(li2,new Dog(4),new Man(2),new Spider(6));
System.out.println(li2.size());
System.out.println(li.contains(li2.get(0))); //should return true but returns false

您重载equals而不是覆盖equals 要覆盖Objectequals方法,必须使用相同的签名,这意味着参数必须为Object类型。

改成:

@Override
public boolean equals(Object other){
    if (!(other instanceof Animal))
        return false;
    Animal otherAnimal = (Animal) other;
    return (this.legs==otherAnimal.legs) && 
           (this.getClass().getName().equals(otherAnimal.getClass().getName()));
}

按照JLS-8.4.8.1的规定

如果满足以下所有条件,则在类C中声明的实例方法m1覆盖在类A中声明的另一个实例方法m2:

C is a subclass of A.

The signature of m1 is a subsignature  of the signature of m2.

Either:

m2 is public, protected, or declared with default access in the same package as C, or

m1 overrides a method m3 (m3 distinct from m1, m3 distinct from m2), such that m3 overrides m2.

签名必须相同,才能覆盖您忽略的情况!

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