C中数组的最小值，最大值和位置

Question

我对C很新，请理解我的疑惑是否愚蠢但是我被卡住了。 我搜索了很多，但我找不到解决问题的答案。

我的程序用来询问用户一圈比赛的圈数，然后询问每圈的时间。

然后，它应该说明最快，最慢，平均的单圈时间和比赛的总时间。 现在，总时间和平均值正在发挥作用。 最小值和最大值及其位置不是。

这是我的代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<cs50.h>

int main()
{
int array[100], maximum, minimum, c, laps, location = 1;
float average;
int summation;

 printf("how many laps did the race had?\n");
 laps = GetInt();
 printf("how many time each of the %i laps took in seconds?\n", laps);

 for (c = 0; c < laps; c++)
 {
      scanf("%d", &array[c]);
      maximum = array[0];
      minimum = array[0];
 }
 for ( c = 1; c < laps; c++)
 {
      if (array[c] < minimum)
      {
          minimum = array[c];
          location = c + 1;
       }
       else if (array[c] > maximum)
       {
           maximum = array[c];
           location = c + 1;
       }
 for ( c = 0; c < laps; c++)
 {
      summation = summation + array[c];
      average = (summation / laps);
 }
 }

printf("The fastest lap was %d and had the time of %d seconds.\n", location, minimum);
printf("The slowest lap was %d and had the time of %d seconds.\n", location, maximum);
printf("The race took %d seconds\n", summation);
printf("The avegare time for lap was %.2f seconds.\n", average);

}

Answer 1

for ( c = 0; c < laps; c++)
 {
      summation = summation + array[c];
      average = (summation / laps);
 }

应该

int summation = 0;
for ( c = 0; c < laps; c++)
 {
      summation = summation + array[c];
 }
 average = (summation / laps);

因为在你知道总和之前计算平均值是没用的

---

您可以使用相同location的两个最大和最小的位置。 请改用minLocation和maxLocation

---

你有一个括号问题：

for ( c = 1; c < laps; c++)
 {
      if (array[c] < minimum)
      {
          minimum = array[c];
          location = c + 1;
       }
       else if (array[c] > maximum)
       {
           maximum = array[c];
           location = c + 1;
       }
 for ( c = 0; c < laps; c++)
 {
      summation = summation + array[c];
      average = (summation / laps);
 }
 }

应该

 for ( c = 1; c < laps; c++)
 {
      if (array[c] < minimum)
      {
          minimum = array[c];
          location = c + 1;
       }
       else if (array[c] > maximum)
       {
           maximum = array[c];
           location = c + 1;
       }
}
 for ( c = 0; c < laps; c++)
 {
      summation = summation + array[c];
      average = (summation / laps);
 }

Answer 2

将for()循环分别放在最小值和最大值

for (c = 0; c < laps; c++)
{
  scanf("%d", &array[c]);
  maximum = array[0];
  minimum = array[0];
}
for ( c = 1; c < laps; c++)
{
  if (array[c] < minimum)
  {
      minimum = array[c];
      min_location = c + 1;//Change this also
   }
   else if (array[c] > maximum)
   {
       maximum = array[c];
       max_location = c + 1;//use separate variable
   }
 }//Don't nest the summation inside this
 for ( c = 0; c < laps; c++)
 {
  summation = summation + array[c];
  average = (summation / laps);
 }

初始化求和为0 int summation=0 in start以避免垃圾值也被包括在内。 还可以使用单独的变量来获得最小和最大位置

Answer 3

首先，改变这一点

 for (c = 0; c < laps; c++)
 {
      scanf("%d", &array[c]);
      maximum = array[0];
      minimum = array[0];
 }

对此：

 for (c = 0; c < laps; c++)
 {
      scanf("%d", &array[c]);
 }
 maximum = array[0];
 minimum = array[0];

它没有产生错误的输出，但我稍后会解释你的错误。

现在看看这个：

for ( c = 1; c < laps; c++)
 {
      if (array[c] < minimum)
      {
          minimum = array[c];
          location_min = c + 1;
       }
       else if (array[c] > maximum)
       {
           maximum = array[c];
           location_max = c + 1;
       }
 for ( c = 0; c < laps; c++)
 {
      summation = summation + array[c];
      average = (summation / laps);
 }
 }

你有（并且我确定你没有注意到）一个for循环的另一个，使用相同的计数器。 我不知道你为什么会这样做。 这将产生一个逻辑错误，因为c在内部发生变化，这不应该发生在像这样的简单for循环中。 你可以通过每次打印c看到迭代中发生的事情，你会看到奇怪的事情发生。

让我们尝试这种方法，我们改变这个：

 for ( c = 1; c < laps; c++)
 {
      if (array[c] < minimum)
      {
          minimum = array[c];
          location_min = c + 1;
       }
       else if (array[c] > maximum)
       {
           maximum = array[c];
           location_max = c + 1;
       }
 for ( c = 0; c < laps; c++)
 {
      summation = summation + array[c];
      average = (summation / laps);
 }
 }

对此：

 summation = array[0];
 for ( c = 1; c < laps; c++)
 {
      summation = summation + array[c];
      if (array[c] < minimum)
      {
          minimum = array[c];
          location_min = c + 1;
      }
      else if (array[c] > maximum)
      {
           maximum = array[c];
           location_max = c + 1;
      }
 }
 average = (summation / laps);

只有当您拥有整数总和以及可用的整圈数时，您才需要除以圈数。 这就是我把它放在循环之外的原因。 就像第一个评论一样，它不会产生错误，它只是不需要做的事情。

所以，最终的代码片段是：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<cs50.h>

int main()
{
int array[100], maximum, minimum, c, laps, location_min, location_max = 1;
float average;
int summation;

 printf("how many laps did the race had?\n");
 laps = GetInt();
 printf("how many time each of the %i laps took in seconds?\n", laps);

 for (c = 0; c < laps; c++)
 {
      scanf("%d", &array[c]);
 }
 maximum = array[0];
 minimum = array[0];
 summation = array[0];
 for ( c = 1; c < laps; c++)
 {
      summation = summation + array[c];
      if (array[c] < minimum)
      {
          minimum = array[c];
          location_min = c + 1;
       }
       else if (array[c] > maximum)
       {
           maximum = array[c];
           location_max = c + 1;
       }
 }
 average = (summation / laps);

printf("The fastest lap was %d and had the time of %d seconds.\n", location_min, minimum);
printf("The slowest lap was %d and had the time of %d seconds.\n", location_max, maximum);
printf("The race took %d seconds\n", summation);
printf("The avegare time for lap was %.2f seconds.\n", average);

}