[英]How do I make the the variables in my GUI Driver class to be transferred to the ActionListener class after a button is pressed?
这就是我的全部代码，只需查看我的“ btnClick”按钮及其名为ButtonHandler的ActionListener类。 我试图将两个ListModel sortedlist和modelist转移到ActionListener类上，所以我实际上可以进行编码以对数字进行排序并输出它们。 我该怎么做呢？
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.Border;
import javax.swing.border.EtchedBorder;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
public class GUI_Driver
{
static int intTotal;
static JLabel userPrompt;
static JLabel numTitle;
static JLabel sortTitle;
static JLabel radsortTitle;
static JLabel radasdsTitle;
static JButton btnClick;
static JRadioButton radAscending;
static JRadioButton radDescending;
static JRadioButton radSelection;
static JRadioButton radBubble;
static JRadioButton radInsertion;
static JRadioButton radQuick;
static JList<Integer> ListofNum;
static JList<Integer> ListofSortNum;
//Blank labels
static JLabel blank1;
static JLabel blank2;
static JLabel blank3;
static JLabel blank4;
static JLabel blank5;
static JLabel blank6;
static JLabel blank7;
static JLabel blank8;
static JLabel blank9;
static JLabel blank10;
static JLabel blank11;
static JLabel blank12;
static JLabel blank13;
static JLabel blank14;
static JLabel blank15;
static JLabel blank16;
static JLabel blank17;
static JLabel blank18;
static JLabel blank19;
static JLabel blank20;
static JLabel blank21;
static JLabel blank22;
static JLabel blank23;
static JLabel blank24;
static JLabel blank25;
static JLabel blank26;
static JLabel blank27;
static JLabel blank28;
private static void guiApp()
{
//Frame
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Sorting Application");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//Where the GUI is created:
JMenuBar menuBar;
JMenu menu, submenu;
JMenuItem menuItem;
//Create the menu bar.
menuBar = new JMenuBar();
//Build the first menu.
menu = new JMenu("Options");
menu.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_A);
menu.getAccessibleContext().setAccessibleDescription(
"The only menu in this program that has menu items");
menuBar.add(menu);
//a group of JMenuItems
menuItem = new JMenuItem("Help", KeyEvent.VK_T);
menuItem.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_1, ActionEvent.ALT_MASK));
menuItem.getAccessibleContext().setAccessibleDescription("This doesn't really do anything");
menu.add(menuItem);
menuItem = new JMenuItem("RESTART");
menuItem.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_B);
menu.add(menuItem);
menuItem = new JMenuItem("EXIT");
menuItem.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_D);
menu.add(menuItem);
//a submenu
menu.addSeparator();
submenu = new JMenu("A submenu");
submenu.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_S);
menuItem = new JMenuItem("An item in the submenu");
menuItem.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke( KeyEvent.VK_2, ActionEvent.ALT_MASK));
submenu.add(menuItem);
menuItem = new JMenuItem("Another item");
submenu.add(menuItem);
menu.add(submenu);
frame.setJMenuBar(menuBar);
//do stuff to control objects
ListModel<Integer> modelist = new DefaultListModel<Integer>();
ListModel<Integer> sortedlist = new DefaultListModel<Integer>();
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(1);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(2);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(3);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(4);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(20);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(9);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(120);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(21);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(64);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(64);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(886);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(87);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(78);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(987);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(90);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(13);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(23);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(1);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(2);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(3);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(4);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(6);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(9);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(120);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(21);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(64);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(64);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(886);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(87);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(78);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(987);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(90);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(13);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) modelist).addElement(23);
ListofNum = new JList<Integer>(modelist);
ListofNum.setVisibleRowCount(3);
ListofNum.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_SELECTION);
ListofSortNum = new JList<Integer>(sortedlist);
ListofSortNum.setVisibleRowCount(3);
ListofSortNum.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_SELECTION);
JScrollPane listScroll = new JScrollPane(ListofNum);
JScrollPane sortScroll = new JScrollPane(ListofSortNum);
JButton btnSearch = new JButton("Search for a number");
ButtonGroup SortingTypes = new ButtonGroup();
ButtonGroup Directions = new ButtonGroup();
btnClick = new JButton("Sort the Input");
radAscending = new JRadioButton("Ascending ", false);
radAscending.setForeground(Color.black);
radAscending.setBackground(Color.lightGray);
radDescending = new JRadioButton("Descending", false);
radDescending.setForeground(Color.black);
radDescending.setBackground(Color.lightGray);
radSelection = new JRadioButton("Selection ", false);
radSelection.setBackground(Color.lightGray);
radQuick = new JRadioButton("Quick ", false);
radQuick.setBackground(Color.lightGray);
radBubble = new JRadioButton("Bubble ", false);
radBubble.setBackground(Color.lightGray);
radInsertion = new JRadioButton("Insertion ", false);
radInsertion.setBackground(Color.lightGray);
userPrompt = new JLabel(" How many numbers do you wish to generate?");
blank1 = new JLabel(" ");
blank2 = new JLabel(" ");
blank3 = new JLabel(" ");
blank4 = new JLabel(" ");
blank5 = new JLabel(" ");
blank6 = new JLabel(" ");
blank7 = new JLabel(" ");
blank8 = new JLabel(" ");
blank9 = new JLabel(" ");
blank10 = new JLabel(" ");
blank11 = new JLabel(" ");
blank12 = new JLabel(" ");
blank13 = new JLabel(" ");
blank14 = new JLabel(" ");
blank15 = new JLabel(" ");
blank16 = new JLabel(" ");
blank17 = new JLabel(" ");
blank18 = new JLabel(" ");
blank19 = new JLabel(" ");
blank20 = new JLabel(" ");
blank21 = new JLabel(" ");
blank22 = new JLabel(" ");
blank23 = new JLabel(" ");
blank24 = new JLabel(" ");
blank25 = new JLabel(" ");
blank26 = new JLabel(" ");
blank27 = new JLabel(" ");
blank28 = new JLabel(" ");
numTitle = new JLabel("Original Numbers");
numTitle.setForeground(Color.red);
sortTitle = new JLabel("Sorted Numbers ");
sortTitle.setForeground(Color.red);
radsortTitle = new JLabel("Choose a Sorting Algorithms:");
radsortTitle.setForeground(Color.blue);
radasdsTitle = new JLabel("Choose an order:");
radasdsTitle.setForeground(Color.blue);
JTextField txtInput = new JTextField("Enter value here..");
SortingTypes.add(radSelection);
SortingTypes.add(radQuick);
SortingTypes.add(radBubble);
SortingTypes.add(radInsertion);
Directions.add(radAscending);
Directions.add(radDescending);
//Panel
JPanel leftpanel = new JPanel();
JPanel rightpanel = new JPanel();
JPanel textpanel = new JPanel();
leftpanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(leftpanel, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
rightpanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(rightpanel, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
textpanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(textpanel, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
textpanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(50,50));
//add label to panel
leftpanel.add(radsortTitle, BorderLayout.WEST);
leftpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
leftpanel.add(radSelection, BorderLayout.WEST);
leftpanel.add(radQuick, BorderLayout.WEST);
leftpanel.add(radBubble, BorderLayout.WEST);
leftpanel.add(radInsertion, BorderLayout.WEST);
leftpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
leftpanel.add(btnClick, BorderLayout.WEST);
leftpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
leftpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
leftpanel.add(userPrompt, BorderLayout.WEST);
leftpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
leftpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
leftpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
leftpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
leftpanel.add(numTitle, BorderLayout.WEST);
leftpanel.add(listScroll, BorderLayout.WEST);
textpanel.add(blank27, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank28, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank2, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank3, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank4, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank5, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank6, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank7, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank8, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
textpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
textpanel.add(txtInput, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank9, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank10, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank11, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank12, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank13, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank14, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank15, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank16, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank17, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank18, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank19, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank20, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank21, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank22, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank23, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank24, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank25, BorderLayout.CENTER);
textpanel.add(blank26, BorderLayout.CENTER);
rightpanel.add(radasdsTitle, BorderLayout.EAST);
rightpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(30,30)));
rightpanel.add(radAscending, BorderLayout.EAST);
rightpanel.add(radDescending, BorderLayout.EAST);
rightpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
rightpanel.add(btnSearch);
rightpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
rightpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
rightpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
rightpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
rightpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
rightpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
rightpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
rightpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
rightpanel.add(Box.createRigidArea(new Dimension(10,10)));
rightpanel.add(sortTitle, BorderLayout.EAST);
rightpanel.add(sortScroll, BorderLayout.EAST);
Container contentPane = frame.getContentPane();
contentPane.add(leftpanel, BorderLayout.WEST);
contentPane.add(rightpanel, BorderLayout.EAST);
contentPane.add(textpanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
//The text to prompt user into inputting the numbers
btnClick.addActionListener(new ButtonHandler());
//set size
frame.setSize(700,500);
//set to visible
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static class ButtonHandler implements ActionListener
{
ListModel<Integer> modelist = new DefaultListModel<Integer>();
ListModel<Integer> sortedlist = new DefaultListModel<Integer>();
public void Variablepass(ListModel<Integer> original, ListModel<Integer> sorted)
{
this.modelist = original;
this.sortedlist = sorted;
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
JFrame frame2 = new JFrame("Clickd");
frame2.setVisible(true);
frame2.setSize(200, 200);
JLabel labelcheck = new JLabel("u clicked");
JPanel checkpanel = new JPanel();
frame2.add(checkpanel);
checkpanel.add(labelcheck);
((DefaultListModel<Integer>) sortedlist).addElement(69);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable(){
public void run(){
guiApp();
}
});
}
}
解决此问题的一种快速简便的方法（尽管不一定是最好的方法）是通过构造函数参数将GUI_Driver类的实例传递给Handler类，然后在GUI_Driver调用public方法以获取其列表的状态。 actionPerformed方法被调用。 为了使其正常工作，GUI_Driver类中的字段再次应为私有实例（非静态）字段。
不过，更好的解决方案是通过类似于模型视图控制设计模式的方式将逻辑与GUI分开，但这在现阶段或程序中可能是过大的。
例如，在下面的代码中，我创建了一个SortHandler类，该类扩展了AbstractAction（有点像一个超级Duper ActionListener），并将对GUI类本身的引用传递到其构造函数中。 我还给了GUI类公共方法以提取处理程序所需的信息，例如getOriginalNumberModel()和getSelectedAlgorithm()方法，然后在actionPerformed方法中，我调用了此信息以提取所需的信息。 请注意，ButtonGroup将返回所选JRadioButton的ButtonModel。 如果设置了单选按钮的actionCommand，则此信息将很有用，如我的以下代码所示：
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.*;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class GuiDriver2 extends JPanel {
public static final String[] SortingAlgorithms = {"Selection", "Quick", "Bubble", "Insertion"};
private static final int MAX_ELEMENT = 200;
private DefaultListModel<Integer> originalNumberModel = new DefaultListModel<>();
private JList<Integer> originalNumberList = new JList<>(originalNumberModel);
private JButton sortButton = new JButton(new SortHandler(this, "Sort", KeyEvent.VK_S));
private ButtonGroup sortAlgorithmGroup = new ButtonGroup();
public GuiDriver2() {
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
originalNumberModel.addElement(random.nextInt(MAX_ELEMENT));
}
originalNumberList.setVisibleRowCount(7);
originalNumberList.setPrototypeCellValue(1000000);
JPanel sortingAlgorithmPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0, 1));
for (String sortAlgorithm : SortingAlgorithms) {
JRadioButton rButton = new JRadioButton(sortAlgorithm);
rButton.setActionCommand(sortAlgorithm);
sortingAlgorithmPanel.add(rButton);
sortAlgorithmGroup.add(rButton);
}
sortingAlgorithmPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("Algorithm"));
add(sortingAlgorithmPanel);
add(new JScrollPane(originalNumberList));
add(sortButton);
}
public DefaultListModel<Integer> getOriginalNumberModel() {
return originalNumberModel;
}
public ButtonModel getSelectedAlgorithm() {
return sortAlgorithmGroup.getSelection();
}
private static void createAndShowGui() {
GuiDriver2 mainPanel = new GuiDriver2();
JFrame frame = new JFrame("GuiDriver");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
frame.getContentPane().add(mainPanel);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createAndShowGui();
}
});
}
}
// enum SortingAlgorithm {
// SELECTION, QUICK, BUBBLE, INSERTION;
// }
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
class SortHandler extends AbstractAction {
private GuiDriver2 guiDriver2;
public SortHandler(GuiDriver2 guiDriver2, String name, int mnemonic) {
super(name);
putValue(MNEMONIC_KEY, mnemonic);
this.guiDriver2 = guiDriver2;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
ButtonModel selectedRadioButton = guiDriver2.getSelectedAlgorithm();
if (selectedRadioButton != null) {
System.out.println("Sorting algorith selected is: " + selectedRadioButton.getActionCommand());
}
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
DefaultListModel<Integer> originalModel = guiDriver2.getOriginalNumberModel();
for (int i = 0; i < originalModel.getSize(); i++) {
list.add(originalModel.get(i));
}
System.out.println("List: " + list);
}
}
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