拆分 HTML 表格以适应视口宽度

Question

我有一个包含很多列的 HTML 表。 我想拆分表格以适应视口宽度，如下所示：

基本表

      | Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 | Column 4
------+----------+----------+----------+---------
Row 1 | (1,1)    | (1,2)    | (1,3)    | (1,4)
Row 2 | (2,1)    | (2,2)    | (2,3)    | (2,4)

我想要的

      | Column 1 | Column 2
------+----------+---------
Row 1 | (1,1)    | (1,2)
Row 2 | (2,1)    | (2,2)

      | Column 3 | Column 4
------+----------+---------
Row 1 | (1,3)    | (1,4)
Row 2 | (2,3)    | (2,4)

包含 'Row X' 和 'Column X' 的单元格是标题，我想保留在包装表上。

这是否可以使用 HTML/CSS/Javascript，以便表格响应拆分？

编辑 1我的 HTML：

 <table> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th>Column 1</th> <th>Column 2</th> <th>Column 3</th> <th>Column 4</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <th>Row 1</th> <td>(1,1)</td> <td>(1,2)</td> <td>(1,3)</td> <td>(1,4)</td> </tr> <tr> <th>Row 2</th> <td>(2,1)</td> <td>(2,2)</td> <td>(2,3)</td> <td>(2,4)</td> </tr> </tbody>

Answer 1

这是一个让您入门的 JS 解决方案。 这可以通过多种方式进行优化，您可以根据自己的项目要求采用它。 总而言之，我喜欢快速破解这个小样本。

这是代码笔： http : //codepen.io/anon/pen/RPLvyN 。 （水平调整屏幕大小以查看效果）。

 function FlexTable(el, container) { if(!(this instanceof FlexTable)) { return new FlexTable(el, container); } this.$el = $(el); this.$container = $(container); this.tables = [{ $el: this.$el, columns: [] }]; this.getInfo(); this.extractData(); this.extractLabels(); this.handleResizing(); this.restructure(); } FlexTable.prototype.getInfo = function() { this.columns = []; this.$el.find("thead th").each(function(key, el) { this.columns.push($(el).outerWidth()); }.bind(this)); this.tables[0].columns = this.columns.slice(1); }; FlexTable.prototype.extractData = function() { this.data = []; this.rows = -1; $("tbody td").each(function(index, element) { if(index % (this.columns.length - 1) === 0) { this.data[++this.rows] = []; } this.data[this.rows].push($(element).text().trim()); }.bind(this)); }; FlexTable.prototype.extractLabels = function() { this.columnLabels = []; this.rowLabels = []; this.$el.find("thead > tr > :nth-of-type(n + 2)").each(function(index, element) { this.columnLabels.push($(element).text().trim()); }.bind(this)).end().find("tbody > tr > :first-child") .each(function(index, element) { this.rowLabels.push($(element).text().trim()); }.bind(this)); }; FlexTable.prototype.handleResizing = function() { this.$container.resize(function() { this.restructure(); }.bind(this)); }; FlexTable.prototype.availableSpace = function(flatten) { return flatten ? +Infinity : this.$container.outerWidth(); }; FlexTable.prototype.possibleTables = function() { var space = this.availableSpace(); var total = 0; var column = 0; var numTables = 0; var tables = []; while(true) { total = this.columns[0]; tables[numTables] = { $el: null, columns: [] }; do { total += this.columns[++column]; tables[numTables].columns.push(column - 1); } while((total + this.columns[column + 1]) < space); numTables++; if(column === this.columns.length - 1) { break; } } return tables; }; FlexTable.prototype.sameTablesAsBefore = function(tables) { if(this.tables.length !== tables.length) { return false; } for(var i = 0, len = tables.length; i < len; i++) { if(tables[i].columns.length !== this.tables[i].columns.length) { return false; } } return true; }; FlexTable.prototype.clearExistingTables = function() { this.tables.forEach(function(table) { table.$el.remove(); }); }; FlexTable.prototype.tableTemplate = function() { var $table = $("<table></table>"); var $tbody = $("<tbody></tbody>"); $table.append("<thead><tr><th></th></tr></thead>"); this.data.forEach(function(element, index) { this.cellTemplate(true) .text(this.rowLabels[index]) .appendTo($("<tr></tr>").appendTo($tbody)); }.bind(this)); return $table.append($tbody); }; FlexTable.prototype.cellTemplate = function(th) { return $(th ? "<th></th>" : "<td></td>"); }; FlexTable.prototype.buildTable = function(table, column) { var $table = this.tableTemplate(); for(var i = 0, len = table.columns.length; i < len; i++, column++) { this.cellTemplate(true) .text(this.columnLabels[column]) .appendTo($table.find("thead tr")); for(var j = 0, lenj = this.data.length; j < lenj; j++) { this.cellTemplate() .text(this.data[j][table.columns[i]]) .appendTo($table.find("tbody tr").eq(j)); } } return $table; }; FlexTable.prototype.restructure = function() { var tables = this.possibleTables(); if(this.sameTablesAsBefore(tables)) { return; } this.clearExistingTables(); for(var i = 0, column = 0, len = tables.length; i < len; column += tables[i++].columns.length) { var $table = this.buildTable(tables[i], column); tables[i].$el = $table; $(".tables").append($table); } this.tables = tables; }; $(function() { FlexTable(".tables table:first", window); });

 * { margin: 0; padding: 0; } body { padding: 10px 20px; } table { border-collapse: collapse; } table + table { margin-top: 15px; } table th, table td { white-space: nowrap; border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 5px 10px; text-align: left; } table tr th:first-of-type { border: 0; }

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<td>Integration Specialist</td> <td>New York</td> <td>61</td> <td>2012/12/02</td> <td>$372,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Herrod Chandler</td> <td>Sales Assistant</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>59</td> <td>2012/08/06</td> <td>$137,500</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Rhona Davidson</td> <td>Integration Specialist</td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td>55</td> <td>2010/10/14</td> <td>$327,900</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Colleen Hurst</td> <td>Javascript Developer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>39</td> <td>2009/09/15</td> <td>$205,500</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Sonya Frost</td> <td>Software Engineer</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>23</td> <td>2008/12/13</td> <td>$103,600</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Jena Gaines</td> <td>Office Manager</td> <td>London</td> <td>30</td> <td>2008/12/19</td> <td>$90,560</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Quinn Flynn</td> <td>Support Lead</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>22</td> <td>2013/03/03</td> <td>$342,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Charde Marshall</td> <td>Regional Director</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>36</td> <td>2008/10/16</td> <td>$470,600</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Haley Kennedy</td> <td>Senior Marketing Designer</td> <td>London</td> <td>43</td> <td>2012/12/18</td> <td>$313,500</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Tatyana Fitzpatrick</td> <td>Regional Director</td> <td>London</td> <td>19</td> <td>2010/03/17</td> <td>$385,750</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Michael Silva</td> <td>Marketing Designer</td> <td>London</td> <td>66</td> <td>2012/11/27</td> <td>$198,500</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Paul Byrd</td> <td>Chief Financial Officer (CFO)</td> <td>New York</td> <td>64</td> <td>2010/06/09</td> <td>$725,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Gloria Little</td> <td>Systems Administrator</td> <td>New York</td> <td>59</td> <td>2009/04/10</td> <td>$237,500</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Bradley Greer</td> <td>Software Engineer</td> <td>London</td> <td>41</td> <td>2012/10/13</td> <td>$132,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Dai Rios</td> <td>Personnel Lead</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>35</td> <td>2012/09/26</td> <td>$217,500</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Jenette Caldwell</td> <td>Development Lead</td> <td>New York</td> <td>30</td> <td>2011/09/03</td> <td>$345,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Yuri Berry</td> <td>Chief Marketing Officer (CMO)</td> <td>New York</td> <td>40</td> <td>2009/06/25</td> <td>$675,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Caesar Vance</td> <td>Pre-Sales Support</td> <td>New York</td> <td>21</td> <td>2011/12/12</td> <td>$106,450</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Doris Wilder</td> <td>Sales Assistant</td> <td>Sidney</td> <td>23</td> <td>2010/09/20</td> <td>$85,600</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Angelica Ramos</td> <td>Chief Executive Officer (CEO)</td> <td>London</td> <td>47</td> <td>2009/10/09</td> <td>$1,200,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Gavin Joyce</td> <td>Developer</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>42</td> <td>2010/12/22</td> <td>$92,575</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Jennifer Chang</td> <td>Regional Director</td> <td>Singapore</td> <td>28</td> <td>2010/11/14</td> <td>$357,650</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Brenden Wagner</td> <td>Software Engineer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>28</td> <td>2011/06/07</td> <td>$206,850</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Fiona Green</td> <td>Chief Operating Officer (COO)</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>48</td> <td>2010/03/11</td> <td>$850,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Shou Itou</td> <td>Regional Marketing</td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td>20</td> <td>2011/08/14</td> <td>$163,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Michelle House</td> <td>Integration Specialist</td> <td>Sidney</td> <td>37</td> <td>2011/06/02</td> <td>$95,400</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Suki Burks</td> <td>Developer</td> <td>London</td> <td>53</td> <td>2009/10/22</td> <td>$114,500</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Prescott Bartlett</td> <td>Technical Author</td> <td>London</td> <td>27</td> <td>2011/05/07</td> <td>$145,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Gavin Cortez</td> <td>Team Leader</td> <td>San Francisco</td> 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<td>2008/09/26</td> <td>$645,750</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Olivia Liang</td> <td>Support Engineer</td> <td>Singapore</td> <td>64</td> <td>2011/02/03</td> <td>$234,500</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Bruno Nash</td> <td>Software Engineer</td> <td>London</td> <td>38</td> <td>2011/05/03</td> <td>$163,500</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Sakura Yamamoto</td> <td>Support Engineer</td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td>37</td> <td>2009/08/19</td> <td>$139,575</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Thor Walton</td> <td>Developer</td> <td>New York</td> <td>61</td> <td>2013/08/11</td> <td>$98,540</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Finn Camacho</td> <td>Support Engineer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>47</td> <td>2009/07/07</td> <td>$87,500</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Serge Baldwin</td> <td>Data Coordinator</td> <td>Singapore</td> <td>64</td> <td>2012/04/09</td> <td>$138,575</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Zenaida Frank</td> <td>Software Engineer</td> <td>New York</td> <td>63</td> <td>2010/01/04</td> <td>$125,250</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Zorita Serrano</td> <td>Software Engineer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>56</td> <td>2012/06/01</td> <td>$115,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Jennifer Acosta</td> <td>Junior Javascript Developer</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>43</td> <td>2013/02/01</td> <td>$75,650</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Cara Stevens</td> <td>Sales Assistant</td> <td>New York</td> <td>46</td> <td>2011/12/06</td> <td>$145,600</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Hermione Butler</td> <td>Regional Director</td> <td>London</td> <td>47</td> <td>2011/03/21</td> <td>$356,250</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Lael Greer</td> <td>Systems Administrator</td> <td>London</td> <td>21</td> <td>2009/02/27</td> <td>$103,500</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Jonas Alexander</td> <td>Developer</td> <td>San Francisco</td> <td>30</td> <td>2010/07/14</td> <td>$86,500</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Shad Decker</td> <td>Regional Director</td> <td>Edinburgh</td> <td>51</td> <td>2008/11/13</td> <td>$183,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Michael Bruce</td> <td>Javascript Developer</td> <td>Singapore</td> <td>29</td> <td>2011/06/27</td> <td>$183,000</td> </tr> <tr> <th></th> <td>Donna Snider</td> <td>Customer Support</td> <td>New York</td> <td>27</td> <td>2011/01/25</td> <td>$112,000</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>

Answer 2

如果您只使用一张表，那么我怀疑您的规范是否可以在不使用 JavaScript 来基本重构 HTML 的情况下完成。 后者，在我看来不是最好的方法。 如果您愿意从一开始就调整标记，那么，是的，您可以仅使用 CSS 来实现您正在寻求的功能。

这里只是一个例子： http : //jsfiddle.net/ktrz74sm/ 。 （调整屏幕大小以查看效果）。

HTML：

<div id = "wrapper">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>Column 1</td>
            <td>Column 2</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>Row 1</td>
            <td>(1, 1)</td>
            <td>(1, 2)</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>Row 2</td>
            <td>(2, 1)</td>
            <td>(2, 2)</td>
        </tr>
    </table>
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>Column 3</td>
            <td>Column 4</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>Row 1</td>
            <td>(1, 3)</td>
            <td>(1, 4)</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>Row 2</td>
            <td>(2, 3)</td>
            <td>(2, 4)</td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</div>

CSS：

table td {
    text-align: center;
}

@media screen and (min-width: 400px) {
    table {
        display: inline-table;    
    }

    table:nth-of-type(2) td:first-of-type {
        display: none;    
    }   
}

而且，这里有一个使用计数器来消除命名行和列的解决方案： http : //jsfiddle.net/nm5bybf2/ 。

HTML：

<div id = "wrapper">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>(1, 1)</td>
            <td>(1, 2)</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>(2, 1)</td>
            <td>(2, 2)</td>
        </tr>
    </table>
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
            <td></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>(1, 3)</td>
            <td>(1, 4)</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td></td>
            <td>(2, 3)</td>
            <td>(2, 4)</td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</div>

CSS：

body {
    counter-reset: column-counter;
}   

table td {
    text-align: center;
}

table {
    counter-reset: row-counter;
}

table tr:nth-of-type(n + 2) td:first-of-type:before {
    counter-increment: row-counter;
    content: "Row " counter(row-counter);
}

table tr:first-of-type td:nth-of-type(n + 2):before {
    counter-increment: column-counter;
    content: "Column " counter(column-counter);
}

@media screen and (min-width: 400px) {
    table {
        display: inline-table;
    }

    table:nth-of-type(2) td:first-of-type {
        display: none;    
    }
}

Answer 3

基本上，您正在尝试制作一个响应式表格，而不会让不适合被屏幕边缘切断的视图空间的列，对吗？

如果是这样，为什么不制作两张并排的桌子呢？ 让我解释。

实际上，就在上周，我不得不为我工作的公司的一位客户找到解决同一问题的方法，该客户希望在他的网站上有一张 9 x 9 的桌子，这没什么大不了的，只是它需要响应。

所以，这就是我想出的。

我创建了两个并排的边桌。 第一个只包含一列，有 9 行。 然后在它的右边我创建了第二个表，这个表有 8 列和 9 行。 我将两张桌子都设置为固定高度，以便它们正确排列。 接下来，使用 bootstrap 的响应式表格类并将其应用于您要滚动的大表格。 使用 CSS 媒体查询使用 max-width 更改表格的宽度（并相应地为您的表格设置不同页面宽度的媒体查询）。 这允许两个表看起来像一个表，但使左列（又名表）固定。 这消除了在显示其余列时一遍又一遍地重复第一列的需要。

在移动设备或窄屏上查看本页底部的表格，看看我在说什么，看看这个设置是否适合您使用。 纯 CSS 驱动的移动友好表格，有很多列。

http://www.cleanplanetdetailing.com/test-gtechniq-pricing.html

如果该方法确实适用于您正在尝试做的事情，并且您想了解有关如何操作的更多详细信息，请发表评论，如果您需要，我很乐意对其进行撰写。