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尝试打破Java中的while循环

[英]Attempting to break a while loop in Java

我花了最后几个小时在互联网和Java书籍中搜索答案,但最终我还是在这里发布了一个问题。 一旦用户输入“ DONE”,我试图打破while循环,但是当我输入完成时,它并没有脱离循环。 我该如何解决这个问题。

这是我的代码:

import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Murray_A04Q2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {


    // Name of the file

        String fileName = "userStrings.txt";

        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);


        try {
            // FileReader reading the text files in the default encoding.
                FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter("userStrings.txt");  
            // Wrapping FileReader in BufferedReader.
                BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter);
                PrintWriter outFile = new PrintWriter (bufferedWriter);

            // InputStreamReader & BufferedReader for user input
                InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(System.in);
                BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);


                String input = "";
                System.out.print("Enter something (DONE to quit): ");
                input = scan.nextLine();


                while (true) {
                    System.out.println("Enter something else or DONE to quit: ");
                    input = scan.nextLine();
                    input = br.readLine();
                    System.out.println(input);

                    if ((input = scan.nextLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")){
                        break;
                    }

                }


                bufferedWriter.write(input);



            // Closing file
                bufferedWriter.close();
        }

        catch (IOException ex){
            System.out.println("Error writing to file " + "userStrings.txt" + "");
        }

    } // End of method header
} // End of class header

谢谢您的帮助!

该问题似乎来自于同时从两个读取器读取相同的输入流(以及有相当多的readLine()调用)

这是您的代码中出现的错误:

import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Murray_A04Q2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        String fileName = "userStrings.txt";

        // Here you create a scanner using Standard Input as the input
        // stream. (This is fine)
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

        try {
            // You say this is a FileREADER though it is clearly not...
            // fix this comment!
            // Either have remotely correct comments or just remove them.
            FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter("userStrings.txt");

            // Once again these are WRITERS not READERS.
            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter);
            PrintWriter outFile = new PrintWriter(bufferedWriter);
            // Despite bad comments, the above code is NOT a problem.

            // You just created a scanner, using it for input.
            // Why make a second object to read from the SAME input stream?
            // Not only does this cause confusion in how the stream is handled,
            // but its useless code when you already have a Scanner.
            // Remove these two objects and all references to them and
            // replace them with the Scanner reference (or vice versa).
            InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(System.in);
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);

            // Setting to emptyquotes is useless unless you are using the
            // variable before its next write. Still, not the error.
            String input = "";

            System.out.print("Enter something (DONE to quit): ");

            // Begin problems. You are reading in a line here,
            // and once again, YOU ARE DOING >NOTHING< with it
            // before the next write. In your print you say
            // "DONE to quit" but you are NOT checking if
            // input.equals("DONE")
            input = scan.nextLine();

            while (true) {
                System.out.println("Enter something else or DONE to quit: ");

                // Stream Read number 2, variable write number 3, still you
                // have not READ from the input variable.
                input = scan.nextLine();

                // Stream Read number 3, variable write number 4, still you
                // have not READ from the input variable.
                // Also, despite you using a different reader, this is still
                // accessing and pulling data out of the same input stream.
                // Whatever the Scanner has pulled out is no longer in the
                // input stream.
                input = br.readLine();

                // Finally you are reading the string in the variable
                // 'input'. On the first iteration of the while loop you
                // will have written to input 3 times already. You will
                // only be printing the 3RD LINE of input from the user.
                // Still however, you are not checking if
                // input.equals("DONE") which is supposed to be the
                // condition terminating your loop.
                System.out.println(input);

                // Stream read number 4, variable write number 5, FINALLY
                // checking the user's input against the string "DONE" and
                // terminating the loop. On the first iteration of the loop,
                // this stream read will only see the 4TH line of input from
                // the user.
                if ((input = scan.nextLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")) {
                    break;
                }

            }

            bufferedWriter.write(input);

            // Closing file
            bufferedWriter.close();
        }

        catch (IOException ex) {
            System.out.println("Error writing to file " + "userStrings.txt"
                    + "");
        }

    } // End of method header
} // End of class header

给定以下示例用户数据:

完成
你好,世界!
Java是愚蠢的。
是时候来压缩漏洞了。
完成

哈哈nope

这是您的代码从第一个nextLine()调用逐行执行的操作。

首先从流中读取(在循环之前, input = scan.nextLine();
发生了什么: input = "DONE";
从输入流中删除第一行“ DONE”,并将其分配给input input的先前值(空字符串)丢失。

从流中进行第二次读取(循环中, input = scan.nextLine();
发生了什么: input = "Hello World!";
第二行,“ Hello World!” 已从输入流中删除并分配给input input的先前值DONE丢失。

从流中进行第三次读取(循环中, input = br.readLine();
发生了什么: input = "Java is kool.";
第三行,“ Java是愚人”。 已从输入流中删除并分配给input input的先前值“ Hello World!” 迷路了。

输出到标准输出流(循环, System.out.println(input);
发生了什么: System.out.println("Java is kool.");
第三行,“ Java是愚人”。 打印到标准输出流(System.out)。

从流中第四次读取(循环中, input = scan.nextLine();
发生了什么: input = "Time to squash bugs.";
第四行,“压缩错误的时间”。 已从输入流中删除并分配给input input的先前值“ Java is kool”丢失。

对赋值结果调用equalsIgnoreCase(String)(循环中, (input = scan.nextLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")
发生了什么事: "Time to squash bugs.".equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")
输入的第四行是“压缩错误的时间”。 被测试以查看字符串是否相等,而忽略所有大写字母。 它们不是,因此跳过if块。 没有else因此代码执行在if块之后继续。

循环结束。 在这一点上,没有任何东西可以强制终止循环,因此执行可以返回到循环的条件。 条件( true )允许循环执行,因此它再次从顶部开始。

从流中第五次读取(循环中, input = scan.nextLine();
发生了什么: input = "Done";
第五行“完成”已从输入流中删除,并分配给input input的先前值“压缩错误的时间”。 迷路了。

从流中第六次读取(循环中, input = br.readLine();
发生了什么: input = "dONe";
第六行“ dONe”从输入流中删除,并分配给input input的先前值“ Done”丢失。

输出到标准输出流(循环, System.out.println(input);
发生了什么: System.out.println("dONe");
第六行“ dONe”被打印到标准输出流(System.out)。

从流中读取第七次(循环中, input = scan.nextLine();
发生了什么: input = "lol nope";
第七行“哈哈nope”从输入流中删除,并分配给input input的先前值“ dONe”丢失。

对赋值结果调用equalsIgnoreCase(String)(循环中, (input = scan.nextLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")
发生了什么: "lol nope".equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")
输入的第七行“ lol nope”被测试以查看字符串是否相等,而忽略所有大写字母。 它们不是,因此跳过if块。 没有else因此代码执行在if块之后继续。

循环结束。 在这一点上,没有任何东西可以强制终止循环,因此执行可以返回到循环的条件。 条件(true)允许循环执行,因此它再次从顶部开始。


在示例输入中,“ lol nope”之后没有更多输入,因此对scan.nextLine()的下一次调用将阻塞,程序将冻结,直到有输入才无法执行任何操作。 通过当前设置代码的方式,仅会读入用户输入的第四行(包括第四行)之后的第三行,并检查与“ DONE”是否相等。

完成
你好,世界!
Java是愚蠢的。
是时候来压缩漏洞了。
完成

哈哈nope

首先修复:摆脱变量isrbr干脆只使用scan (或相反,摆脱了scan ,并使用isrbr )。 由于他们从相同的输入流中提取数据,因此它们以几乎相同的方式完成相同的工作,从而创建了不必要的且令人困惑的代码。

第二种解决方法:如果您在两次调用readLine()或nextLine()之间没有使用输入变量做任何事情,并且没有在使用这些调用来消除垃圾输入数据,请清除它们。 您只需调用一次readLine()或nextLine()并将其存储到input ,该值将一直保留到下一次分配给input为止。

如果您实际上使用了多次调用readLine()或nextLine()来检索用户数据,但该数据可能包含“ DONE”,则您需要用if块替换对readLine()或nextLine()的调用,因为它会读取输入并立即检查是否等于“ DONE”。

根据您的需求,对代码进行一些可能的修复(我假设您修剪了一些您认为不相关的代码,或者只是尚未添加代码而已。)

import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Murray_A04Q2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        String fileName = "userStrings.txt";
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

        try {
            FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter("userStrings.txt");
            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter);
            PrintWriter outFile = new PrintWriter(bufferedWriter);
            String input;
            System.out.print("Enter something (DONE to quit): ");
            if (!(input = scan.nextLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")) { // Added "!" (not)
                // Some one time use code goes here.
                System.out.println("Enter something else or DONE to quit: ");
                while (true) {
                    if ((input = scan.nextLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")) {
                        break;
                    }
                    // Some code goes here
                    if ((input = scan.nextLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")) {
                        break;
                    }
                    // Some DIFFERENT code goes here.
                    System.out.println(input);
                    if ((input = scan.nextLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")) {
                        break;
                    }
                    // Some code that didn't belong above can go here.
                }
            }
            bufferedWriter.write(input);
            bufferedWriter.close();
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            System.out.println("Error writing to file " + "userStrings.txt"
                    + "");
        }
    }
}

也:

import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Murray_A04Q2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        String fileName = "userStrings.txt";
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

        try {
            FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter("userStrings.txt");
            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter);
            PrintWriter outFile = new PrintWriter(bufferedWriter);
            String input;
            System.out.print("Enter something (DONE to quit): ");
            if (!(input = scan.nextLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")) { // Added "!" (not)
                // Some one time use code goes here.
                System.out.println("Enter something else or DONE to quit: ");
                while ((input = scan.nextLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")) {
                    System.out.println(input);
                    // Some code can go here.
                }
            }
            bufferedWriter.write(input);
            bufferedWriter.close();
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            System.out.println("Error writing to file " + "userStrings.txt"
                    + "");
        }
    }
}

或者,如果您希望所有代码在循环中运行:

import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Murray_A04Q2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        String fileName = "userStrings.txt";
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);

        try {
            FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter("userStrings.txt");
            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter);
            PrintWriter outFile = new PrintWriter(bufferedWriter);
            String input;
            System.out.print("Enter something (DONE to quit): ");
            while ((input = scan.nextLine()).equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")) {
                System.out.println(input);
                // Some code can go here.
                System.out.println("Enter something else or DONE to quit: ");
            }
            bufferedWriter.write(input);
            bufferedWriter.close();
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            System.out.println("Error writing to file " + "userStrings.txt"
                    + "");
        }
    }
}

您正在将扫描仪包裹在阅读器上,然后尝试同时读取它们,这使它们在可用输入之间进行争夺。 直接消除阅读器中的读物。


我建议您首先尝试使用实施的简化版本,然后再尝试将所需的所有内容添加到文件中。

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Murray_A04Q2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
        String input = "";
        System.out.print("Enter something (DONE to quit): ");
        input = scan.nextLine();
        System.out.println(input);

        while (!input.equalsIgnoreCase("DONE")) {
            System.out.println("Enter something else or DONE to quit: ");
            input = scan.nextLine();
            System.out.println(input);
        }
        scan.close();
        System.out.println("DONE!!");
    }
}

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