如何实现ASP.NET标识：数据库“master”中的CREATE DATABASE权限被拒绝

Question

首先，我已经在这里查了一下： ASP.Net Identity如何设置目标DB？

我现在收到这个错误

数据库“master”中的CREATE DATABASE权限被拒绝。

在这行代码上：

Dim user As User = manager.Find(Trim(Username.Text), Trim(Password.Text))

完整错误：

[SqlException（0x80131904）：数据库'master'中的CREATE DATABASE权限被拒绝。
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.OnError（SqlException异常，Boolean breakConnection，Action 1 wrapCloseInAction) +3249852
System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose) +345
System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TryRun(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean& dataReady) +4927
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteNonQueryTds(String methodName, Boolean async, Int32 timeout, Boolean asyncWrite) +1287
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.InternalExecuteNonQuery(TaskCompletionSource 1 wrapCloseInAction) +3249852
System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose) +345
System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TryRun(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean& dataReady) +4927
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteNonQueryTds(String methodName, Boolean async, Int32 timeout, Boolean asyncWrite) +1287
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.InternalExecuteNonQuery(TaskCompletionSource 1 wrapCloseInAction) +3249852
System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose) +345
System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TryRun(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean& dataReady) +4927
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteNonQueryTds(String methodName, Boolean async, Int32 timeout, Boolean asyncWrite) +1287
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.InternalExecuteNonQuery(TaskCompletionSource 1 completion，String methodName，Boolean sendToPipe，Int32 timeout，Boolean asyncWrite）+367
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery（）+386
System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.InternalDispatcher 1.Dispatch(TTarget target, Func 3操作，TInterceptionContext interceptionContext，Action 3 executing, Action 3执行）+965
System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.DbCommandDispatcher.NonQuery（DbCommand命令，DbCommandInterceptionContext interceptionContext）+505
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer。<> c__DisplayClass1a.b__19（DbConnection conn）+136
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices.UsingConnection（DbConnection sqlConnection，Action 1 act) +347
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices.UsingMasterConnection(DbConnection sqlConnection, Action 1 act) +347
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices.UsingMasterConnection(DbConnection sqlConnection, Action 1 act) +347
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices.UsingMasterConnection(DbConnection sqlConnection, Action 1 act）+916
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices.CreateDatabaseFromScript（Nullable 1 commandTimeout, DbConnection sqlConnection, String createDatabaseScript) +117
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices.DbCreateDatabase(DbConnection connection, Nullable 1 commandTimeout, DbConnection sqlConnection, String createDatabaseScript) +117
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices.DbCreateDatabase(DbConnection connection, Nullable 1 commandTimeout, DbConnection sqlConnection, String createDatabaseScript) +117
System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices.DbCreateDatabase(DbConnection connection, Nullable 1 commandTimeout，StoreItemCollection storeItemCollection）+212
System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Utilities.DatabaseCreator.Create（DbConnection连接）+172
System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.EnsureDatabaseExists（Action mustSucceedToKeepDatabase）+175
System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.Update（String targetMigration）+116
System.Data.Entity.Internal.DatabaseCreator.CreateDatabase（InternalContext internalContext，Func 3 createMigrator, ObjectContext objectContext) +121
System.Data.Entity.Database.Create(DatabaseExistenceState existenceState) +169
System.Data.Entity.CreateDatabaseIfNotExists 3 createMigrator, ObjectContext objectContext) +121
System.Data.Entity.Database.Create(DatabaseExistenceState existenceState) +169
System.Data.Entity.CreateDatabaseIfNotExists 3 createMigrator, ObjectContext objectContext) +121
System.Data.Entity.Database.Create(DatabaseExistenceState existenceState) +169
System.Data.Entity.CreateDatabaseIfNotExists 1.InitializeDatabase（TContext context）+257
System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.PerformInitializationAction（Action action）+72
System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.PerformDatabaseInitialization（）+483
System.Data.Entity.Internal.RetryAction 1.PerformAction(TInput input) +177
System.Data.Entity.Internal.LazyInternalContext.InitializeDatabaseAction(Action 1.PerformAction(TInput input) +177
System.Data.Entity.Internal.LazyInternalContext.InitializeDatabaseAction(Action 1.PerformAction(TInput input) +177
System.Data.Entity.Internal.LazyInternalContext.InitializeDatabaseAction(Action 1 action）+274
System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.GetEntitySetAndBaseTypeForType（Type entityType）+37
System.Data.Entity.Internal.Linq.InternalSet 1.Initialize() +76
System.Data.Entity.Internal.Linq.InternalSet 1.Initialize() +76
System.Data.Entity.Internal.Linq.InternalSet 1.Initialize() +76
System.Data.Entity.Internal.Linq.InternalSet 1.get_InternalContext（）+ 21
System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.DbQuery 1.System.Linq.IQueryable.get_Provider() +59
System.Data.Entity.QueryableExtensions.FirstOrDefaultAsync(IQueryable 1.System.Linq.IQueryable.get_Provider() +59
System.Data.Entity.QueryableExtensions.FirstOrDefaultAsync(IQueryable 1.System.Linq.IQueryable.get_Provider() +59
System.Data.Entity.QueryableExtensions.FirstOrDefaultAsync(IQueryable 1 source，Expression 1 predicate, CancellationToken cancellationToken) +208
System.Data.Entity.QueryableExtensions.FirstOrDefaultAsync(IQueryable 1 predicate, CancellationToken cancellationToken) +208
System.Data.Entity.QueryableExtensions.FirstOrDefaultAsync(IQueryable 1 predicate, CancellationToken cancellationToken) +208
System.Data.Entity.QueryableExtensions.FirstOrDefaultAsync(IQueryable 1 source，Expression`1谓词）+172

Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework.d__6c.MoveNext（）+502
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess（任务任务）+13855856
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification（任务任务）+61
Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.CultureAwaiter 1.GetResult() +48
Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.<FindAsync>d__12.MoveNext() +357
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess(Task task) +13855856
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task) +61
Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.AsyncHelper.RunSync(Func 1.GetResult() +48
Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.<FindAsync>d__12.MoveNext() +357
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess(Task task) +13855856
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task) +61
Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.AsyncHelper.RunSync(Func 1.GetResult() +48
Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.<FindAsync>d__12.MoveNext() +357
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess(Task task) +13855856
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task) +61
Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.AsyncHelper.RunSync(Func 1 func）+348
C：\\ MyApp \\ Login_identity.aspx.vb中的MyApp.Login_identity.UserLogin_Click（Object sender，EventArgs e）：168
System.Web.UI.WebControls.Button.OnClick（EventArgs e）+11747645
System.Web.UI.WebControls.Button.RaisePostBackEvent（String eventArgument）+150
System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequestMain（Boolean includeStagesBeforeAsyncPoint，Boolean includeStagesAfterAsyncPoint）+3360

我将AppModel.vb的DbContext初始化更改为现有的连接字符串conn1 ，该字符串指向已转换为新标识表的SQL Server数据库。

我的连接字符串：

<add name="conn1" 
     connectionString="data source=(local)\sqlexpress;Initial Catalog=myapp;User Id=sa;Password=XXXX;" 
     providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />

AppModel.vb ：

Imports Microsoft.AspNet.Identity
Imports Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations
Imports System.Data.Entity
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Web

Namespace AspnetIdentitySample.Models
    Public Class ApplicationUser
        Inherits IdentityUser
        ' HomeTown will be stored in the same table as Users
        Public Property HomeTown() As String
            Get
                Return m_HomeTown
            End Get
            Set(value As String)
                m_HomeTown = Value
            End Set
        End Property
        Private m_HomeTown As String
        Public Overridable Property ToDoes() As ICollection(Of ToDo)
            Get
                Return m_ToDoes
            End Get
            Set(value As ICollection(Of ToDo))
                m_ToDoes = Value
            End Set
        End Property
        Private m_ToDoes As ICollection(Of ToDo) 

        ' FirstName & LastName will be stored in a different table called MyUserInfo
        Public Overridable Property MyUserInfo() As MyUserInfo
            Get
                Return m_MyUserInfo
            End Get
            Set(value As MyUserInfo)
                m_MyUserInfo = Value
            End Set
        End Property
        Private m_MyUserInfo As MyUserInfo 
    End Class

    Public Class MyUserInfo
        Public Property Id() As Integer
            Get
                Return m_Id
            End Get
            Set(value As Integer)
                m_Id = Value
            End Set
        End Property
        Private m_Id As Integer
        Public Property FirstName() As String
            Get
                Return m_FirstName
            End Get
            Set(value As String)
                m_FirstName = Value
            End Set
        End Property
        Private m_FirstName As String
        Public Property LastName() As String
            Get
                Return m_LastName
            End Get
            Set(value As String)
                m_LastName = Value
            End Set
        End Property
        Private m_LastName As String
    End Class

    Public Class ToDo
        Public Property Id() As Integer
            Get
                Return m_Id
            End Get
            Set(value As Integer)
                m_Id = Value
            End Set
        End Property
        Private m_Id As Integer
        Public Property Description() As String
            Get
                Return m_Description
            End Get
            Set(value As String)
                m_Description = Value
            End Set
        End Property
        Private m_Description As String
        Public Property IsDone() As Boolean
            Get
                Return m_IsDone
            End Get
            Set(value As Boolean)
                m_IsDone = Value
            End Set
        End Property
        Private m_IsDone As Boolean
        Public Overridable Property User() As ApplicationUser
            Get
                Return m_User
            End Get
            Set(value As ApplicationUser)
                m_User = Value
            End Set
        End Property
        Private m_User As ApplicationUser 
    End Class
    Public Class MyDbContext
        Inherits IdentityDbContext(Of ApplicationUser)
        Public Sub New()
            MyBase.New("conn1") 'DefaultConnection
        End Sub

        Protected Overrides Sub OnModelCreating(modelBuilder As DbModelBuilder)
            MyBase.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder)

            ' Change the name of the table to be Users instead of AspNetUsers
            modelBuilder.Entity(Of IdentityUser)().ToTable("Users")
            modelBuilder.Entity(Of ApplicationUser)().ToTable("Users")
        End Sub

        Public Property ToDoes() As DbSet(Of ToDo)
            Get
                Return m_ToDoes
            End Get
            Set(value As DbSet(Of ToDo))
                m_ToDoes = Value
            End Set
        End Property
        Private m_ToDoes As DbSet(Of ToDo)

        Public Property MyUserInfo() As DbSet(Of MyUserInfo)
            Get
                Return m_MyUserInfo
            End Get
            Set(value As DbSet(Of MyUserInfo))
                m_MyUserInfo = Value
            End Set
        End Property
        Private m_MyUserInfo As DbSet(Of MyUserInfo)
    End Class


End Namespace

UPDATE

根据评论，我也在这里查看 。

我真的不明白为什么这是一个角色问题，因为我正在重用一个已经正常工作的连接字符串来更新其他（非身份相关的）表。 此外，我不明白为什么错误引用master表，因为我预计我不会尝试通过manager.Find方法以任何方式连接到该表。

无论如何，我正在测试的用户已经被分配到sysadmin角色：

更新2

好的，感谢Jeremy在下面的评论我更近了一步......我需要将用户IIS APPPOOL\\.NET v4.5到角色sysadmin ，因为那是用户连接，如SQL Server分析器中所示（尽管我是将此用户添加到此角色时，不确定安全风险）。 无论如何，Find方法不再抛出错误并使用SQL Server探查器我看到执行此代码时触发了SQL语句Dim user As User = manager.FindByName(Trim(Username.Text))

exec sp_executesql N'SELECT TOP (1) 
[Extent1].[Id] AS [Id], 
[Extent1].[ApplicationId] AS [ApplicationId], 
[Extent1].[MobileAlias] AS [MobileAlias], 
[Extent1].[IsAnonymous] AS [IsAnonymous], 
[Extent1].[LastActivityDate] AS [LastActivityDate], 
[Extent1].[MobilePIN] AS [MobilePIN], 
[Extent1].[LoweredEmail] AS [LoweredEmail], 
[Extent1].[LoweredUserName] AS [LoweredUserName], 
[Extent1].[PasswordQuestion] AS [PasswordQuestion], 
[Extent1].[PasswordAnswer] AS [PasswordAnswer], 
[Extent1].[IsApproved] AS [IsApproved], 
[Extent1].[IsLockedOut] AS [IsLockedOut], 
[Extent1].[CreateDate] AS [CreateDate], 
[Extent1].[LastLoginDate] AS [LastLoginDate], 
[Extent1].[LastPasswordChangedDate] AS [LastPasswordChangedDate], 
[Extent1].[LastLockoutDate] AS [LastLockoutDate], 
[Extent1].[FailedPasswordAttemptCount] AS [FailedPasswordAttemptCount], 
[Extent1].[FailedPasswordAttemptWindowStart] AS [FailedPasswordAttemptWindowStart], 
[Extent1].[FailedPasswordAnswerAttemptCount] AS [FailedPasswordAnswerAttemptCount], 
[Extent1].[FailedPasswordAnswerAttemptWindowStart] AS [FailedPasswordAnswerAttemptWindowStart], 
[Extent1].[Comment] AS [Comment], 
[Extent1].[Email] AS [Email], 
[Extent1].[EmailConfirmed] AS [EmailConfirmed], 
[Extent1].[PasswordHash] AS [PasswordHash], 
[Extent1].[SecurityStamp] AS [SecurityStamp], 
[Extent1].[PhoneNumber] AS [PhoneNumber], 
[Extent1].[PhoneNumberConfirmed] AS [PhoneNumberConfirmed], 
[Extent1].[TwoFactorEnabled] AS [TwoFactorEnabled], 
[Extent1].[LockoutEndDateUtc] AS [LockoutEndDateUtc], 
[Extent1].[LockoutEnabled] AS [LockoutEnabled], 
[Extent1].[AccessFailedCount] AS [AccessFailedCount], 
[Extent1].[UserName] AS [UserName]
FROM [dbo].[AspNetUsers] AS [Extent1]
WHERE ((UPPER([Extent1].[UserName])) = (UPPER(@p__linq__0))) OR ((UPPER([Extent1].[UserName]) IS NULL) AND (UPPER(@p__linq__0) IS NULL))',N'@p__linq__0 nvarchar(4000)',@p__linq__0=N'flo@outlook.com'

奇怪的是：当我直接在SQL Server Management Studio中执行它时，我得到一条返回的记录，但在我的代码中，变量user是Nothing ....它可以是什么？

Answer 1

您的连接字符串包含“User Id = sa; Password = XXXX”，因此该连接尝试使用SQL Server身份验证。 您的SSMS登录属性的标题栏似乎在标识Windows帐户，这意味着有人认为应该使用Windows身份验证。 然而，该连接正在尝试使用SQL Server身份验证（而不是Windows身份验证）。 如果尚未配置，则可以更改SQL Server的身份验证模式以支持SQL身份验证和Windows身份验证（“混合模式”身份验证），请参阅https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms188670.aspx 。

或者，可以将连接字符串更改为使用Windows身份验证/集成安全性，按照https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj653752(v=vs.110).aspx#integratedsecurity

Answer 2

如果您的应用程序池在NETWORK SERVICE标识下运行，请尝试此操作。 然后为“NT AUTHORITY \\ NETWORK SERVICE”授予SysAdmin角色：

或者将SysAdmin提供给运行应用程序池的帐户。

如果这不起作用，请检查以下任何解决方案是否有帮助： 在数据库'master'中创建数据库权限被拒绝（EF代码优先）

编辑：

给所有这些帐户sysAdmin不是很安全。 在您开始工作之后，将SQL安全性加强到dbReader和dbWriter角色。

FindByName方法出了什么问题？

现在没有异常，问题是没有数据返回我认为仍然存在权限。

由于您在连接字符串中使用SQL身份验证，您可以尝试使用Windows集成吗？ 否则，请尝试在连接字符串中使用appPool IIS帐户凭据，看看是否会产生错误的线索？

Answer 3

为什么要使用身份字段而不是在NVARCHAR（）字段中使用HASH值？

例如：您可以从用户（或其字段的连接）获取单个数据，从.NET Cryptography库计算HASH并使用数据设置NVARCHAR（）。

通过这种方式（假设您正在使用SHA-512 HASH），您将能够拥有一个单独数据的Base64字符串，就像身份本身一样。

但是，如果您的目标与动量有一致 ，您可以获取用户数据，加上当前日期时间，计算其HASH并将此数据保存为记录的标识。

Answer 4

您应该使用与“sa”不同的SQL帐户，但sa的默认数据库是master。 即使在连接字符串中定义了myapp，Find方法也可能使用用户的默认数据库。

将sa的默认数据库更改为myapp，此处：

Answer 5

您的用户应添加到dbcreator角色。

否则，您不能创建新数据库。

系统管理员/公众是不够的。