Rails模型外键验证

Question

我需要在我的一个模型中验证外键引用的行的存在。 情况是这样的：

Project.rb

class Project < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_one :project_category

  # -----------------------------------------------------------------
  # this does not work because the attribute is actually called 
  # 'category_id' instead of the rails expected 'project_category_id'
  # -----------------------------------------------------------------
  validates :project_category, presence: true
end

项目移转

class CreateProjects < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    create_table :projects do |t|

      # ----------------------------------------------
      # this is why the column is called 'category_id'
      # ---------------------------------------------- 
      t.references :category, references: :project_categories, null: false

      # all of my other fields here, unimportant
    end
    add_foreign_key :projects, :project_categories, column: :category_id
  end
end

我知道我可以编写一个自定义的验证方法来检查:category_id存在于project_categories表中，但我更愿意让Rails处理验证（如果可以的话），因此可以使代码保持DRY。

编辑

ProjectCategory.rb

class ProjectCategory < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :project

  validates :name, presence: true, uniqueness: { case_sensitive: false }
end

ProjectCategory迁移

class CreateProjectCategories < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    create_table :project_categories do |t|
      t.string :name, null: false
    end
  end
end

Answer 1

看来，您只需要在has_one声明中添加foreign_key选项，即可指定您指定的自定义列名，即category_id而不是project_category_id 。 有关详细信息，请参见has_one的选项 。

# app/modeles/project.rb

class Project < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_one :project_category, foreign_key: 'category_id'

  # -----------------------------------------------------------------
  # this does not work because the attribute is actually called 
  # 'category_id' instead of the rails expected 'project_category_id'
  # -----------------------------------------------------------------
  validates :project_category, presence: true
end