如何在 ASP.NET MVC 网站中为 cookie 设置“安全”标志？

Question

我在 web.config 中设置了以下内容：

<system.web>
  <httpCookies httpOnlyCookies="true" requireSSL="true" />
</system.web>

当我使用 HTTP 连接访问网站时，它会重定向到我的登录页面（将方案指定为 HTTPS）。 当浏览器获取此页面时，响应会设置一些 cookie（ASP.NET 会话 cookie，以及我的登录表单的请求验证令牌）：

设置-Cookie：__RequestVerificationToken=IHx8a2zQU374d5CtsoEVW...YtIc1; 路径=/； HttpOnly Set-Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId=pfbkkxx2seqhdrxxiodxfbmh; 路径=/； 仅Http

它们具有HttpOnly标志，这很好 - 但它们没有Wikipedia 上描述的secure标志。

如果我然后登录，则会创建一个身份验证 cookie，并且确实设置了secure标志：

Set-Cookie:MyWebSite.Authentication=RE3UD...BDW4; 路径=/； 安全; 仅Http

如何确保在我的所有cookie 上都设置了secure标志？

---

更新：根据要求，这是我得到的 cURL 输出（直接获取登录页面时）：

curl https://www.mywebsite.com/Account/Login --verbose --insecure

给出：

  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--     0
*   Trying 194.73.98.116...
* Connected to www.mywebsite.com (111.11.11.111) port 443 (#0)
* ALPN, offering http/1.1
* Cipher selection: ALL:!EXPORT:!EXPORT40:!EXPORT56:!aNULL:!LOW:!RC4:@STRENGTH
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS header, Certificate Status (22):
} [5 bytes data]
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client hello (1):
} [512 bytes data]
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server hello (2):
{ [85 bytes data]
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Certificate (11):
{ [2618 bytes data]
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server key exchange (12):
{ [401 bytes data]
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server finished (14):
{ [4 bytes data]
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client key exchange (16):
} [138 bytes data]
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS change cipher, Client hello (1):
} [1 bytes data]
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
} [16 bytes data]
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS change cipher, Client hello (1):
{ [1 bytes data]
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
{ [16 bytes data]
* SSL connection using TLSv1.2 / ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384
* ALPN, server did not agree to a protocol
* Server certificate:
*    subject: OU=Domain Control Validated; CN=*.mywebsite.com
*    start date: 2015-07-29 13:37:38 GMT
*    expire date: 2018-07-29 13:37:38 GMT
*    issuer: C=US; ST=Arizona; L=Scottsdale; O=GoDaddy.com, Inc.; OU=http://certs.godaddy.com/repository/; CN=Go Daddy Secure Certificate Authority - G2
*    SSL certificate verify result: unable to get local issuer certificate (20), continuing anyway.
} [5 bytes data]
> GET /Account/Login HTTP/1.1
> Host: www.mywebsite.com
> User-Agent: curl/7.43.0
> Accept: */*
> 
{ [5 bytes data]
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate
< Pragma: no-cache
< Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
< Expires: -1
< Server: Microsoft-IIS/8.5
< Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains; preload
< X-Frame-Options: Deny
< X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
< X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
< Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self';script-src 'self' www.google-analytics.com www.googletagmanager.com;object-src 'none';style-src 'self' fonts.googleapis.com;img-src 'self' www.google-analytics.com placehold.it placeholdit.imgix.net data:;media-src 'none';frame-src 'none';font-src 'self' fonts.gstatic.com;connect-src 'self';base-uri 'self';child-src 'none';frame-ancestors 'none';report-uri /WebResource.axd?cspReport=true
< X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
< X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
< Set-Cookie: __RequestVerificationToken=bPWxIp8e4F4I0Jt26t5oZyvDM6059tAWSRbgc-b6Df5IMjyYFDD9fJKgRsKVjbtN3EGgtFuHcf1sTjlYSwDWgnlhSUuNW1q5yv3cGMxmEwE1; path=/; HttpOnly
< Date: Fri, 04 Dec 2015 10:03:35 GMT
< Content-Length: 12596
< 
{ [12596 bytes data]
100 12596  100 12596    0     0  31101      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 31101
* Connection #0 to host www.mywebsite.com left intact

Answer 1

建议的解决方法是在处理页面请求时保护会话 ID 和表单请求 cookie，例如

// This code will mark the forms authentication cookie and the
// session cookie as Secure.
if (Response.Cookies.Count > 0)
{
    foreach (string s in Response.Cookies.AllKeys)
    {
        if (s == FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName || s.ToLower() == "asp.net_sessionid")
        {
             Response.Cookies[s].Secure = true;
        }
    }
}

以及 webconfig 中用于保护表单身份验证令牌的附加行：

<authentication mode="Forms">
   <forms ...  requireSSL="true" />
</authentication>

2020 - 编辑：

根据评论中的要求，也可以仅使用 IIS 重写规则进行配置，方法是检查安全标志的 cookie 并在未找到时添加它，例如：

<system.webServer>
  <rewrite>
    <outboundRules>
      <rule name="Use only secure cookies" preCondition="Unsecured cookie">
        <match serverVariable="RESPONSE_SET_COOKIE" pattern=".*" negate="false" />
        <action type="Rewrite" value="{R:0}; secure" />
      </rule>
      <preConditions>
        <preCondition name="Unsecured cookie">
          <add input="{RESPONSE_SET_COOKIE}" pattern="." />
          <add input="{RESPONSE_SET_COOKIE}" pattern="; secure" negate="true" />
        </preCondition>
      </preConditions>
    </outboundRules>
  </rewrite>
...
</system.webServer>

来源：保护请求-响应 cookie -通过 Web.config 保护表单身份验证-如何在 IIS 中启用安全的 HttpOnly cookie