[英]Manage REST response with Spring MVC
我正在使用Spring创建REST api。 目前,我使用此结构来提供文件浏览器服务:
FileModel.java
package hello;
public class FileModel {
private String name;
private Long lastUpdate;
private Long size;
/**
* Void Constructor
*/
public FileModel() {
}
/**
* Parametrized constructor
* @param name
* @param created
* @param lastUpdate
* @param size
*/
public FileModel(String name, Long lastUpdate, Long size) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.lastUpdate = lastUpdate;
this.size = size;
}
/**
* @return the name
*/
public String getName() {
return name;
}
/**
* @param name the name to set
*/
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
/**
* @return the lastUpdate:A long value representing the time the file was last modified,
* measured in milliseconds since the epoch (00:00:00 GMT, January 1, 1970)
*/
public Long getLastUpdate() {
return lastUpdate;
}
/**
* @param lastUpdate the lastUpdate to set
*/
public void setLastUpdate(Long lastUpdate) {
this.lastUpdate = lastUpdate;
}
/**
* @return the size in bytes
*/
public Long getSize() {
return size;
}
/**
* @param size the size to set
*/
public void setSize(Long size) {
this.size = size;
}
}
FileServices.java
package hello;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.LinkOption;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class FileServices {
public ArrayList<FileModel> getAllFiles(String path) throws FileNotFoundException {
ArrayList<FileModel> files=new ArrayList<FileModel>();
File directory = new File(path);
if (directory.exists()){
//get all the files from a directory
File[] fList = directory.listFiles();
//check if list is null
for (File file : fList){
if (file.isFile()){
FileModel f=new FileModel(file.getName(),file.lastModified(),file.length());
files.add(f);
}
}
return files;
}
else throw new ResourceNotFoundException(path);
}
}
ResourceNotFoundException.java
package hello;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)
public class ResourceNotFoundException extends RuntimeException {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public ResourceNotFoundException(String path){
super("The specified path: "+ path +" doesn't exist");
}
}
文件管理器
package hello;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.util.Collection;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class FileManager {
@Autowired
private FileServices file;
@RequestMapping(value = "/files", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Collection<FileModel> getAllFiles(@RequestParam(value="path", defaultValue="/home") String path) throws FileNotFoundException {
return file.getAllFiles(path);
}
}
响应是这样的错误消息
> { "timestamp": 1442560477794, "status": 404, "error": "Not
> Found", "exception": "hello.ResourceNotFoundException", "message":
> "The specified path: /home doesn't exist", "path":
> "/MatlabLib/files" }
或这个。
[
{
"name": "apache-tomcat-8.0.26-windows-x64.zip",
"lastUpdate": 1441282759343,
"size": 10470002
},
{
"name": "desktop.ini",
"lastUpdate": 1441357976196,
"size": 282
}
]
鉴于我必须通过其他Java或Matlab代码管理该Web服务,因此我需要一个自定义响应,例如状态,错误,异常,消息,正文,以便我可以检查状态代码并了解是否有错误或更少。 在Spring中,有一种构建方法可以做到吗?
谢谢
更新:我创建了两个响应类,一个用于ErrorResponse,一个用于具有不同fied数量的Response。 然后我用
@ControllerAdvice
public class ErrorController {
/**
*
* @param e: exception thrown
* @return ErroreResponse
*/
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
public @ResponseBody ErrorResponse errorHandler(Exception e){
//Make the exception by buildErrorResponse
return ErrorResponseBuilder.buildErrorResponse(e);
}
在ErrorResponseBuilder中做了以下方法:
/**
* Build exception response beginning from exception
* @param e exception thrown
* @return ErrorResponse: response of an exception
*/
public static ErrorResponse buildErrorResponse(Exception e){
StringWriter errors = new StringWriter();
e.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(errors));
return new ErrorResponse(HttpStatusManager.getHttpCode(e),e.getClass().getName(),e.getMessage(),errors.toString());
}
在HttpStatusManager中,我实现了这一点:
public HttpStatusManager() {
}
/**
* Add to this class all new exception associating a code error
* @param exception
* @return
*/
public static int getHttpCode(Exception exception){
if (exception instanceof ResourceNotFoundException);
return HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value();
}
所以从控件使用这条简单的线
@RequestMapping(value = "/files", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Response<Collection<FileModel>> getAllFiles(@RequestParam(value="path", defaultValue="/home") String path) throws ResourceNotFoundException {
Collection<FileModel> result;
result = file.getAllFiles(path);
return new Response<Collection<FileModel>>(HttpStatus.OK.value(),result);
}
你怎么看?
您可以使用具有良好API的javax.ws.rs.core.Response
。 但就我个人而言,我宁愿创建一个自定义类来处理此类响应。
当然,您需要将Jackson JSON API
附加到项目中,以便可以构建返回对象的方法。 另外,您还必须在spring配置文件中配置messageConverters
。
UPDATE
public class Response {
private Object responseBody;
private String message;
private int responseCode;
public Response() {
responseCode = 200; //default HTTP 200 OK
}
public Object getResponseBody() {
return responseBody;
}
public void setResponseBody(Object responseBody) {
this.responseBody = responseBody;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
public int getResponseCode() {
return responseCode;
}
public void setResponseCode(int responseCode) {
this.responseCode = responseCode;
}
}
使用例
@RequestMapping(value = "/files", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Response getAllFiles(@RequestParam(value="path", defaultValue="/home") String path) {
Response response = new Response();
try {
Collection<FileModel> files = file.getAllFiles(path);
response.setResponseBody(files);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
Utils.setErrMessage(response, e);
}
return response;
}
您的setErrMessage
函数可能看起来像这样
public void setErrMessage(Response response, Exception e) {
if(e instanceof NullPointerException) {
response.setErrCode(400); //HTTP 400 Bad Request
}
else if(e instanceof FileNotFoundException || ...) {
response.setErrCode(500); //HTTP 500 Interval Server Error
}
...
response.setMessage(e.getMessage);
}
这只是一个总的想法,您可以随意更改它。
我有一个通用的响应DTO,我使用Spring @ControllerAdvice
和@ExceptionHandler
在其余服务中实现了全局错误处理机制。
全局错误处理程序代码:
@ControllerAdvice
public class WSControllerAdvice {
private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(SearchControllerAdvice.class);
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
public @ResponseBody WSResponse<String> errorHandler(Exception e){
WSResponse<String> response = new WSResponse<String>();
logger.error("Exception occured "+e.getMessage());
response.setResponseStatus(WSResponseCode.UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION);
response.setCount(0);
response.getErrors().add("Unhandled Search Error : " + e.getMessage());
return response;
}
}
通用响应DTO
public class WSResponse<T> {
private String responseStatus;
private long count;
private long totalNumFound;
private T results ;
private List<String> errors = new ArrayList<>();
private String nextPageMark;
private List<Facet> facets = new ArrayList<>();
}
吸气剂塞特删除
无论结构是否发生异常,您都具有使用此结构的一致响应格式。
有两种方法可以实现此目的:
捕获异常并返回描述异常详细信息的POJO,如下所示:
@RequestMapping(value = "/files", method = RequestMethod.GET) public Object getAllFiles(@RequestParam(value="path", defaultValue="/home") String path) throws FileNotFoundException { try{ }catch(ResourceNotFoundException rnfEx){ return new ExceptionDTO("ERR-001","Resource not found"); } }
其中ExceptionDTO
表示将转换为JSON的POJO
使用@ExceptionHandler
处理相同的功能。 范例: http : //www.journaldev.com/2651/spring-mvc-exception-handling-exceptionhandler-controlleradvice-handlerexceptionresolver-json-response-example
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