Akka.Net使用TestKit测试儿童演员的创建/监督

Question

我有与以下类似的Akka.Net代码，并且我正在尝试为其编写测试：

public class DoesSomethingActor : UntypedActor
{
    protected override void OnReceive(object message)
    {

    }
}

public class ForwardsMessagesActor : UntypedActor
{
    protected override void OnReceive(object message)
    {
        var actor = Context.ActorOf(Context.DI().Props<DoesSomethingActor>(), "DoesSomethingWorker");

        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            actor.Tell(message + " " + i);
        }
    }
}

我已经进行了此测试，但是由于我根本没有使用太多TestKit，因此我显然缺少了一些东西。 尚无官方文档说明如何使用TestKit进行测试吗？

//creating actor mocks with Moq seems to confuse Akka - it just doesn't work 
//but creating mock classes manually like this, 
//then configuring them in the DI container works
public class DoesSomethingActorSpy : DoesSomethingActor
{
    public static List<object> ReceivedMessages = new List<object>();

    protected override void OnReceive(object message)
    {
        ReceivedMessages.Add(message);
    }
}

    [TestMethod]
    public void ForwardsMessagesActor_Creates5Messages()
    {
        //set up DI container to use DoesSomethingActorSpy as a child actor
        ContainerBuilder builder = new ContainerBuilder();
        builder.RegisterType<ForwardsMessagesActor>();
        builder.RegisterType<DoesSomethingActorSpy>().As<DoesSomethingActor>();
        IContainer container = builder.Build();

        var propsResolver = new AutoFacDependencyResolver(container, Sys);

        var actor = ActorOfAsTestActorRef<ForwardsMessagesActor>(propsResolver.Create<ForwardsMessagesActor>());

        actor.Tell("Test");

        //this looks wrong, I probably should be using something from TestKit
        Thread.Sleep(10);

        CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(
            new[] { "Test 0", "Test 1", "Test 2", "Test 3", "Test 4" },
            DoesSomethingActorSpy.ReceivedMessages);
    }

我应该如何创建模拟演员？ 我可以调用TestKit上的任何方法来等待所有消息处理完毕吗？

Answer 1

引自“ 如何测试Akka.NET Actor：带有Akka.TestKit单元测试” ：

测试父子关系更加复杂。 在这种情况下，Akka.NET提供简单抽象的承诺使测试变得更加困难。

测试这种关系的最简单方法是使用消息传递。 例如，您可以创建一个父角色，该角色的子角色一旦启动，其子对象便会向另一个角色发出消息。 或者您可以让父母将消息转发给孩子，然后孩子可以回复原始发件人，例如：

 public class ChildActor : ReceiveActor { public ChildActor() { ReceiveAny(o => Sender.Tell("hello!")); } } public class ParentActor : ReceiveActor { public ParentActor() { var child = Context.ActorOf(Props.Create(() => new ChildActor())); ReceiveAny(o => child.Forward(o)); } } [TestFixture] public class ParentGreeterSpecs : TestKit { [Test] public void Parent_should_create_child() { // verify child has been created by sending parent a message // that is forwarded to child, and which child replies to sender with var parentProps = Props.Create(() => new ParentActor()); var parent = ActorOfAsTestActorRef<ParentActor>(parentProps, TestActor); parent.Tell("this should be forwarded to the child"); ExpectMsg("hello!"); } } 

关于测试父母/孩子关系的警告

避免将代码过度耦合到层次结构！

过度测试父子关系会将您的测试耦合到层次结构实现中。 通过强制执行许多测试重写，这将增加以后重构代码的成本。 您需要在验证意图和测试实现之间取得平衡。