如何在Android中的按钮内设置矢量可绘制的大小？
[英]How to set the size of vector drawable inside of a button in Android?
问题描述
Android Studio Vector Assets 工具将可绘制的矢量转换为 Lollipop 之前的设备的 PNG-s，但我得到的 PNG-s 质量非常差，正如您在此处看到的：
更重要的是，按钮的背景纯色应该是您在左侧看到的浅绿色，但可绘制覆盖它：
<item android:state_checked="true"
android:drawable="@drawable/show">
<shape android:shape="rectangle">
<corners android:bottomRightRadius="8dp"/>
<solid android:color="@color/waveComponentGreen"/>
</shape>
</item>
<item android:state_checked="false"
android:drawable="@drawable/hide">
<shape android:shape="rectangle">
<corners android:bottomRightRadius="8dp"/>
<solid android:color="@color/waveComponentGreen"/>
</shape>
</item>
drawable 的 xml 是（来自材质图标的默认值）：
<vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:width="24dp"
android:height="24dp"
android:viewportWidth="24.0"
android:viewportHeight="24.0">
<path
android:fillColor="#FF000000"
android:pathData="M8.59,16.34l4.58,-4.59 -4.58,-4.59L10,5.75l6,6 -6,6z"/>
我还想通过调整值使图标看起来更小，我注意到增加视口尺寸会减少图标，但我不确定我明白为什么。
那么：如何使图标和生成的 PNG 看起来更小、更不模糊并使用资源文件中设置的背景颜色？ 谢谢你。
编辑：我设法通过将它们与图层列表组合在单独的 xml 文件中来获得带有图标的纯色背景：
<layer-list
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<item>
<shape android:shape="rectangle">
<corners android:bottomRightRadius="10dp"/>
<solid android:color="@color/waveComponentGreen"/>
</shape>
</item>
<item android:drawable="@drawable/show"
android:top="10dp"
android:bottom="10dp"
android:left="10dp"
android:right="10dp"
/>
结果是：
我设法通过增加可绘制矢量的宽度和高度来减少模糊。 但是，如果没有android:top|bottom|left|right标签，drawable 会在按钮的整个区域中拉伸。 第二个按钮不需要背景纯色，所以我没有使用图层列表标签 => 无法为可绘制对象设置top|bottom|left|right边距。
如果我减小按钮大小，我所做的就是减少按钮的可点击区域。
我更新的问题是如何在不减小按钮本身大小的情况下设置按钮/切换按钮/单选按钮内可绘制矢量的大小？
更新
我找不到在 API 21 之前的设备上调整可绘制矢量大小的方法。 因此，我将按钮本身做得更小，并增加了每个按钮的触摸面积。
4 个解决方案
解决方案1
10 2016-06-10 08:54:58
缩放任何可绘制对象的正确方法是使用vectorDrawable.setBounds(left,top,right,bottom) ，但不幸的是，这不适用于矢量可绘制对象（为什么是谷歌？）。
因此，作为一种解决方法，我加载我的矢量可绘制对象，将它们转换为位图可绘制对象，这将允许我们setBounds图可绘制对象上使用setBounds方法。 请注意，您在此处缩放位图，因此可能会丢失一些图像的清晰度。 例如，当我需要将我的可绘制对象用作文本视图或按钮的复合可绘制对象时，我主要使用这些方法。
我最终编写了一个辅助类，它将加载一个矢量可绘制对象，为其设置色调并返回一个位图可绘制对象，您可以根据需要对其进行实际缩放和着色。 我已经针对 API 级别 19 到 23 对其进行了测试，并且可以正常工作。
不要忘记使用vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true在你的build.gradle。
public class VectorDrawableUtils {
/**
* Gets a Bitmap from provided Vector Drawable image
*
* @param vd VectorDrawable
* @return Bitmap
*/
public static Optional<Bitmap> createBitmapFromVectorDrawable(final @NonNull Drawable vd) {
try {
Bitmap bitmap;
bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(vd.getIntrinsicWidth(), vd.getIntrinsicHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
vd.setBounds(0, 0, canvas.getWidth(), canvas.getHeight());
vd.draw(canvas);
return Optional.of(bitmap);
} catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
Injector.getDependency(getContext(), IEventTracker.class).logHandledException(e);
return Optional.empty();
}
}
/**
* Loads vector drawable and apply tint color on it.
*/
public static Drawable loadVectorDrawableWithTintColor(final @DrawableRes int vdRes,
final @ColorRes int clrRes,final Context context) {
Drawable drawable = ContextCompat.getDrawable(context, vdRes);
DrawableCompat.setTint(drawable, getContext().getResources().getColor(clrRes));
return drawable;
}
/**
* Converts given vector drawable to Bitmap drawable
*/
public static BitmapDrawable convertVectorDrawableToBitmapDrawable(final @NonNull Drawable vd) {
//it is safe to create empty bitmap drawable from null source
return new BitmapDrawable(createBitmapFromVectorDrawable(vd).get());
}
/**
* Loads vector drawable , aplys tint on it and returns a wrapped bitmap drawable.
* Bitmap drawable can be resized using setBounds method (unlike the VectorDrawable)
* @param context Requires view context !
*/
public static Drawable loadVectorDrawableWithTint(
final @DrawableRes int vectorDrawableRes, final @ColorRes int colorRes,final Context context) {
Drawable vd = VectorDrawableUtils.loadVectorDrawableWithTintColor(vectorDrawableRes,
colorRes, context);
final BitmapDrawable bitmapDrawable = VectorDrawableUtils.convertVectorDrawableToBitmapDrawable(vd);
ColorStateList tint = ContextCompat.getColorStateList(context,colorRes);
final Drawable wrappedDrawable = DrawableCompat.wrap(bitmapDrawable);
DrawableCompat.setTintList(wrappedDrawable,tint);
return wrappedDrawable;
}
}
现在我会像这样使用这个助手类：
Drawable bd = VectorDrawableUtils.loadVectorDrawableWithTint(
R.drawable.ic_dropdown, R.color.black,getContext());
bd.setBounds(0, 0, textView.getMeasuredHeight(), textView.getMeasuredHeight());
textView.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(null, null, bd, null);
使用视图或活动的上下文很重要，而不是应用程序上下文！ 希望它能解决您的问题，或帮助其他人。 如果有人有更好更简洁的解决方案，我也很想知道。
解决方案2
0 2018-02-18 12:58:09
MyTextView 类：
public class MyTextView extends AppCompatTextView {
public MyTextView(Context context) {
super(context);
}
public MyTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
initAttrs(context, attrs);
}
public MyTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
initAttrs(context, attrs);
}
void initAttrs(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
if (attrs != null) {
TypedArray attributeArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(
attrs,
R.styleable.MyTextView);
int defaultWidthHeight = 0;
int widthHeight = 0;
Drawable drawableLeft = null;
Drawable drawableStart = null;
Drawable drawableRight = null;
Drawable drawableEnd = null;
Drawable drawableBottom = null;
Drawable drawableTop = null;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
drawableLeft = attributeArray.getDrawable(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableLeftCompatTextView);
drawableStart = attributeArray.getDrawable(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableStartCompatTextView);
drawableRight = attributeArray.getDrawable(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableRightCompatTextView);
drawableEnd = attributeArray.getDrawable(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableEndCompatTextView);
drawableBottom = attributeArray.getDrawable(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableBottomCompatTextView);
drawableTop = attributeArray.getDrawable(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableTopCompatTextView);
} else {
final int drawableLeftId = attributeArray.getResourceId(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableLeftCompatTextView, -1);
final int drawableStartId = attributeArray.getResourceId(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableStartCompatTextView, -1);
final int drawableRightId = attributeArray.getResourceId(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableRightCompatTextView, -1);
final int drawableEndId = attributeArray.getResourceId(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableEndCompatTextView, -1);
final int drawableBottomId = attributeArray.getResourceId(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableBottomCompatTextView, -1);
final int drawableTopId = attributeArray.getResourceId(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableTopCompatTextView, -1);
if (drawableLeftId != -1)
drawableLeft = AppCompatResources.getDrawable(context, drawableLeftId);
if(drawableStartId != -1)
drawableStart = AppCompatResources.getDrawable(context, drawableStartId);
if (drawableRightId != -1)
drawableRight = AppCompatResources.getDrawable(context, drawableRightId);
if(drawableEndId != -1)
drawableEnd = AppCompatResources.getDrawable(context, drawableEndId);
if (drawableBottomId != -1)
drawableBottom = AppCompatResources.getDrawable(context, drawableBottomId);
if (drawableTopId != -1)
drawableTop = AppCompatResources.getDrawable(context, drawableTopId);
}
if(!attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableWidthHeightCompatTextView)) {
if (attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableLeftCompatTextView)) {
defaultWidthHeight = drawableLeft.getIntrinsicWidth();
} else if (attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableStartCompatTextView)) {
defaultWidthHeight = drawableStart.getIntrinsicWidth();
} else if (attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableRightCompatTextView)) {
defaultWidthHeight = drawableRight.getIntrinsicWidth();
} else if (attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableEndCompatTextView)) {
defaultWidthHeight = drawableEnd.getIntrinsicWidth();
} else if (attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableBottomCompatTextView)) {
defaultWidthHeight = drawableBottom.getIntrinsicWidth();
} else if (attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableTopCompatTextView)) {
defaultWidthHeight = drawableTop.getIntrinsicWidth();
}
widthHeight = attributeArray.getInt(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableWidthHeightCompatTextView, defaultWidthHeight);
} else
widthHeight = attributeArray.getInt(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableWidthHeightCompatTextView, defaultWidthHeight);
if(attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableColorCompatTextView)){
ColorStateList tintColor = attributeArray.getColorStateList(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableColorCompatTextView);
if (attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableLeftCompatTextView)) {
//drawableLeft.setColorFilter(new PorterDuffColorFilter(tintColor.getDefaultColor(), PorterDuff.Mode.MULTIPLY));
DrawableCompat.setTintList(drawableLeft, tintColor);
} else if (attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableStartCompatTextView)) {
//drawableStart.setColorFilter(new PorterDuffColorFilter(tintColor.getDefaultColor(), PorterDuff.Mode.MULTIPLY));
DrawableCompat.setTintList(drawableStart, tintColor);
} else if (attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableRightCompatTextView)) {
//drawableRight.setColorFilter(new PorterDuffColorFilter(tintColor.getDefaultColor(), PorterDuff.Mode.MULTIPLY));
DrawableCompat.setTintList(drawableRight, tintColor);
} else if (attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableEndCompatTextView)) {
//drawableEnd.setColorFilter(new PorterDuffColorFilter(tintColor.getDefaultColor(), PorterDuff.Mode.MULTIPLY));
DrawableCompat.setTintList(drawableEnd, tintColor);
} else if (attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableBottomCompatTextView)) {
//drawableBottom.setColorFilter(new PorterDuffColorFilter(tintColor.getDefaultColor(), PorterDuff.Mode.MULTIPLY));
DrawableCompat.setTintList(drawableBottom, tintColor);
} else if (attributeArray.hasValue(R.styleable.MyTextView_drawableTopCompatTextView)) {
//drawableTop.setColorFilter(new PorterDuffColorFilter(tintColor.getDefaultColor(), PorterDuff.Mode.MULTIPLY));
DrawableCompat.setTintList(drawableTop, tintColor);
}
}
WrappedDrawable drawableLeftWrapped = new WrappedDrawable(drawableLeft);
drawableLeftWrapped.setBounds(0, 0, widthHeight, widthHeight);
WrappedDrawable drawableStartWrapped = new WrappedDrawable(drawableStart);
drawableStartWrapped.setBounds(0, 0, widthHeight, widthHeight);
WrappedDrawable drawableRightWrapped = new WrappedDrawable(drawableRight);
drawableRightWrapped.setBounds(0, 0, widthHeight, widthHeight);
WrappedDrawable drawableEndWrapped = new WrappedDrawable(drawableEnd);
drawableEndWrapped.setBounds(0, 0, widthHeight, widthHeight);
WrappedDrawable drawableBottomWrapped = new WrappedDrawable(drawableBottom);
drawableBottomWrapped.setBounds(0, 0, widthHeight, widthHeight);
WrappedDrawable drawableTopWrapped = new WrappedDrawable(drawableTop);
drawableTopWrapped.setBounds(0, 0, widthHeight, widthHeight);
setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(drawableLeftWrapped, drawableTopWrapped, drawableRightWrapped, drawableBottomWrapped);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1)
setCompoundDrawablesRelativeWithIntrinsicBounds(drawableStartWrapped, drawableTopWrapped, drawableEndWrapped, drawableBottomWrapped);
attributeArray.recycle();
}
}
class WrappedDrawable extends Drawable {
private final Drawable _drawable;
protected Drawable getDrawable() {
return _drawable;
}
public WrappedDrawable(Drawable drawable) {
super();
_drawable = drawable;
}
@Override
public void setBounds(int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
//update bounds to get correctly
super.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
Drawable drawable = getDrawable();
if (drawable != null) {
drawable.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
}
}
@Override
public void setAlpha(int alpha) {
Drawable drawable = getDrawable();
if (drawable != null) {
drawable.setAlpha(alpha);
}
}
@Override
public void setColorFilter(ColorFilter colorFilter) {
Drawable drawable = getDrawable();
if (drawable != null) {
drawable.setColorFilter(colorFilter);
}
}
@Override
public int getOpacity() {
Drawable drawable = getDrawable();
return drawable != null
? drawable.getOpacity()
: PixelFormat.UNKNOWN;
}
@Override
public void draw(Canvas canvas) {
Drawable drawable = getDrawable();
if (drawable != null) {
drawable.draw(canvas);
}
}
@Override
public int getIntrinsicWidth() {
Drawable drawable = getDrawable();
return drawable != null
? drawable.getBounds().width()
: 0;
}
@Override
public int getIntrinsicHeight() {
Drawable drawable = getDrawable();
return drawable != null ?
drawable.getBounds().height()
: 0;
}
}
}
attrs.xml：
<declare-styleable name="MyTextView">
<attr name="drawableColorCompatTextView" format="reference|color"/>
<attr name="drawableWidthHeightCompatTextView" format="integer"/>
<attr name="drawableLeftCompatTextView" format="reference"/>
<attr name="drawableStartCompatTextView" format="reference"/>
<attr name="drawableRightCompatTextView" format="reference"/>
<attr name="drawableEndCompatTextView" format="reference"/>
<attr name="drawableTopCompatTextView" format="reference"/>
<attr name="drawableBottomCompatTextView" format="reference"/>
</declare-styleable>
用法：
<com.packagename.MyTextView
android:id="@+id/txtUserName"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
app:drawableLeftCompatTextView="@drawable/ic_username"
app:drawableStartCompatTextView="@drawable/ic_username"
app:drawableWidthHeightCompatTextView="48"
app:drawableColorCompatTextView="@color/blue" />
注意：这里唯一的问题是未修改的向量（未使用drawableWidthHeightCompatTextView ），该向量的width和height为 24，
设备上的大小不相等，具有调整大小的向量（向量的width和height为 12 并且drawableWidthHeightCompatTextView="24" ）。
解决方案3
0 2019-11-25 07:16:17
看看我发现的这个，它适用于 Vector 和常规 Drawables！ 我认为这是我看到的最短的解决方案。
这个想法是创建一个具有固定固有大小的自定义可绘制对象，并将绘图作业传递给原始可绘制对象。
final Drawable d = container.getContext().getDrawable(R.drawable.your_drawable);
Drawable icon = new ColorDrawable(){
Drawable iconOrig = d;
@Override
public void setBounds(int left, int top, int right, int bottom){
super.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);//This is needed so that getBounds on this class would work correctly.
iconOrig.setBounds(left, top, right, bottom);
}
@Override
public void draw(Canvas canvas){
iconOrig.draw(canvas);
}
@Override
public int getIntrinsicWidth(){
return 27;//the width you want
}
@Override
public int getIntrinsicHeight(){
return 19;// the height you want
}
};
解决方案4
0 2020-09-22 15:16:57
我使用FrameLayout将ImageButton和ImageView放在一起，并能够调整ImageView大小：
<FrameLayout
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="60dp"
android:layout_height="60dp"
>
<ImageButton
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
/>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="50dp"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:layout_gravity="center"
app:srcCompat="@drawable/baseline_arrow_right_24"
/>
</FrameLayout>
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