CMake 调试符号丢失

Question

我最近开始使用 CMake，但我一直无法弄清楚如何让我的调试符号适用于 Valgrind。 所以，我做了一个测试项目来演示我的问题。 如果没有 CMake，我只会用 -g 编译：

g++ -std=c++11 -g main.cpp -o test

我得到了我想要的test.dSYM目录。 根据如何使用 cmake 设置 GDB 调试标志？ , 要获得 -g 标志，我应该使用参数

-D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug

所以这就是我尝试过的。 在名为Testing的文件夹中，我创建了一个包含以下内容的测试文件main.cpp ：

#include <iostream>
using std::cout;

int main( int argc , const char* argv[] ) {
    int* leak = new int;
    int arr[] = { 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 };
    for ( int i : arr ) {
        cout << i << "\n";      
    }
    return 0;
}

在Testing ，我还创建了一个包含以下内容的文件CMakeLists.txt ：

cmake_minimum_required( VERSION 3.1 )
project( Testing )
add_executable( test1 main.cpp )
set_property(TARGET test1 PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD 11)
set_property(TARGET test1 PROPERTY CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)

然后我创建了一个新目录Testing/cmake_build并在该目录中运行以下命令：

Testing/cmake_build$ cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug ..
Testing/cmake_build$ make
Testing/cmake_build$ valgrind --leak-check=yes ./test

Valgrind 抱怨 dSYM 目录丢失。 我自己找了一圈，没找到。 因此，我在泄漏检查输出中没有得到行号，也无法调试我的项目：

==2388== Using Valgrind-3.10.0 and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==2388== Command: ./test
==2388== 
--2388-- ./test:
--2388-- dSYM directory is missing; consider using --dsymutil=yes
1
2
3
4
==2388== 
==2388== HEAP SUMMARY:
==2388==     in use at exit: 29,443 bytes in 378 blocks
==2388==   total heap usage: 472 allocs, 94 frees, 36,027 bytes allocated
==2388== 
==2388== 4 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1 of 76
==2388==    at 0x47F1: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:300)
==2388==    by 0x4928D: operator new(unsigned long) (in /usr/lib/libc++.1.dylib)
==2388==    by 0x1000012E5: main (in ./test)
==2388== 
==2388== LEAK SUMMARY:
==2388==    definitely lost: 4 bytes in 1 blocks
==2388==    indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==2388==      possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==2388==    still reachable: 4,096 bytes in 1 blocks
==2388==         suppressed: 25,343 bytes in 376 blocks
==2388== Reachable blocks (those to which a pointer was found) are not shown.
==2388== To see them, rerun with: --leak-check=full --show-leak-kinds=all
==2388== 

应该说

==2530==    by 0x1000012E5: main (main.cpp:5)

谁能告诉我如何使用 CMake 来获取 dSYM 目录？ 谢谢。

编辑 1（生成所有命令）：

这是在我的 makefile 中生成的 make all 命令：

all: cmake_check_build_system
    $(CMAKE_COMMAND) -E cmake_progress_start <Path>/Testing/cmake_build/CMakeFiles <Path>/Testing/cmake_build/CMakeFiles/progress.marks
    $(MAKE) -f CMakeFiles/Makefile2 all
    $(CMAKE_COMMAND) -E cmake_progress_start <Path>/Testing/cmake_build/CMakeFiles 0

编辑 2（Makefile2 的所有命令）：

# Target rules for target CMakeFiles/test1.dir

# All Build rule for target.
CMakeFiles/test1.dir/all:
    $(MAKE) -f CMakeFiles/test1.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/test1.dir/depend
    $(MAKE) -f CMakeFiles/test1.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/test1.dir/build
    @$(CMAKE_COMMAND) -E cmake_echo_color --switch=$(COLOR) --progress-dir=<Path>/Testing/cmake_build/CMakeFiles --progress-num=1,2 "Built target test1"
.PHONY : CMakeFiles/test1.dir/all

# Include target in all.
all: CMakeFiles/test1.dir/all

编辑 3 (CmakeFiles/test1.dir/build.make)：

# CMAKE generated file: DO NOT EDIT!
# Generated by "Unix Makefiles" Generator, CMake Version 3.4

# Delete rule output on recipe failure.
.DELETE_ON_ERROR:


#=============================================================================
# Special targets provided by cmake.

# Disable implicit rules so canonical targets will work.
.SUFFIXES:


# Remove some rules from gmake that .SUFFIXES does not remove.
SUFFIXES =

.SUFFIXES: .hpux_make_needs_suffix_list


# Suppress display of executed commands.
$(VERBOSE).SILENT:


# A target that is always out of date.
cmake_force:

.PHONY : cmake_force

#=============================================================================
# Set environment variables for the build.

# The shell in which to execute make rules.
SHELL = /bin/sh

# The CMake executable.
CMAKE_COMMAND = /usr/local/bin/cmake

# The command to remove a file.
RM = /usr/local/bin/cmake -E remove -f

# Escaping for special characters.
EQUALS = =

# The top-level source directory on which CMake was run.
CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR = <Path>/Desktop/Testing

# The top-level build directory on which CMake was run.
CMAKE_BINARY_DIR = <Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build

# Include any dependencies generated for this target.
include CMakeFiles/test1.dir/depend.make

# Include the progress variables for this target.
include CMakeFiles/test1.dir/progress.make

# Include the compile flags for this target's objects.
include CMakeFiles/test1.dir/flags.make

CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o: CMakeFiles/test1.dir/flags.make
CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o: ../main.cpp
    @$(CMAKE_COMMAND) -E cmake_echo_color --switch=$(COLOR) --green --progress-dir=<Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build/CMakeFiles --progress-num=$(CMAKE_PROGRESS_1) "Building CXX object CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o"
    /Applications/Xcode6-Beta5.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++   $(CXX_DEFINES) $(CXX_INCLUDES) $(CXX_FLAGS) -o CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o -c <Path>/Desktop/Testing/main.cpp

CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.i: cmake_force
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    /Applications/Xcode6-Beta5.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++  $(CXX_DEFINES) $(CXX_INCLUDES) $(CXX_FLAGS) -E <Path>/Desktop/Testing/main.cpp > CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.i

CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.s: cmake_force
    @$(CMAKE_COMMAND) -E cmake_echo_color --switch=$(COLOR) --green "Compiling CXX source to assembly CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.s"
    /Applications/Xcode6-Beta5.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/c++  $(CXX_DEFINES) $(CXX_INCLUDES) $(CXX_FLAGS) -S <Path>/Desktop/Testing/main.cpp -o CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.s

CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o.requires:

.PHONY : CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o.requires

CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o.provides: CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o.requires
    $(MAKE) -f CMakeFiles/test1.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o.provides.build
.PHONY : CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o.provides

CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o.provides.build: CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o


# Object files for target test1
test1_OBJECTS = \
"CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o"

# External object files for target test1
test1_EXTERNAL_OBJECTS =

test1: CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o
test1: CMakeFiles/test1.dir/build.make
test1: CMakeFiles/test1.dir/link.txt
    @$(CMAKE_COMMAND) -E cmake_echo_color --switch=$(COLOR) --green --bold --progress-dir=<Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build/CMakeFiles --progress-num=$(CMAKE_PROGRESS_2) "Linking CXX executable test1"
    $(CMAKE_COMMAND) -E cmake_link_script CMakeFiles/test1.dir/link.txt --verbose=$(VERBOSE)

# Rule to build all files generated by this target.
CMakeFiles/test1.dir/build: test1

.PHONY : CMakeFiles/test1.dir/build

CMakeFiles/test1.dir/requires: CMakeFiles/test1.dir/main.cpp.o.requires

.PHONY : CMakeFiles/test1.dir/requires

CMakeFiles/test1.dir/clean:
    $(CMAKE_COMMAND) -P CMakeFiles/test1.dir/cmake_clean.cmake
.PHONY : CMakeFiles/test1.dir/clean

CMakeFiles/test1.dir/depend:
    cd <Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build && $(CMAKE_COMMAND) -E cmake_depends "Unix Makefiles" <Path>/Desktop/Testing <Path>/Desktop/Testing <Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build <Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build <Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build/CMakeFiles/test1.dir/DependInfo.cmake --color=$(COLOR)
.PHONY : CMakeFiles/test1.dir/depend

编辑 4（制作详细输出）：

/usr/local/bin/cmake -H<Path>/Desktop/Testing -B<Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build --check-build-system CMakeFiles/Makefile.cmake 0
/usr/local/bin/cmake -E cmake_progress_start <Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build/CMakeFiles <Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build/CMakeFiles/progress.marks
/Applications/Xcode6-Beta5.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/make -f CMakeFiles/Makefile2 all
/Applications/Xcode6-Beta5.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/make -f CMakeFiles/test1.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/test1.dir/depend
cd <Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build && /usr/local/bin/cmake -E cmake_depends "Unix Makefiles" <Path>/Desktop/Testing <Path>/Desktop/Testing <Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build <Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build <Path>/Desktop/Testing/cmake_build/CMakeFiles/test1.dir/DependInfo.cmake --color=
/Applications/Xcode6-Beta5.app/Contents/Developer/usr/bin/make -f CMakeFiles/test1.dir/build.make CMakeFiles/test1.dir/build

Answer 1

尝试通过添加为调试配置显式设置 -g 标志
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG "-g")到你的 CMakeLists.txt 然后重新运行 cmake
-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug

Answer 2

1. valgrind + leak-check - 建议使用 AFAIK 调试版本
2. 现在我会使用编译器选项地址清理器而不是带有leak-check的valgrind 。 Sanitizes 更快、更可靠（ valgrind有一些技术限制，因此无法找到所有内存问题）。
3. 请注意，在cmake项目中有4 个默认配置： Debug 、 Release 、 RelWithDebInfo和MinSizeRel 。 使用RelWithDebInfo配置使用符号文件创建发布版本（我试图找出此配置是否存在一些缺点，这就是我遇到此 SO 问题的原因）。 所以很可能你应该像这样构建你的项目：

cd build_dir
cmake .. -G <YOUR GENERATOR> <other config options>
cmake --build . --config RelWithDebInfo