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Java新手:有没有更简单的方法来用Java实现数组Drop-Out堆栈?

[英]Java newbie: Is there an easier way to implement an array Drop-Out stack in Java?

我正在尝试在Java中实现辍学堆栈,目前正在为我争取资金! 哈哈

我已经走了这么远,据我所知,我的逻辑是合理的,但尚未编译。 我不断收到java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ...

因此,这是我要执行的操作的全部内容:我正在推送并弹出堆栈中的一系列元素,并希望在将新元素添加到堆栈顶部时将底部元素删除。 有什么建议么?

我的代码:

    import java.util.Arrays;

public class Base_A05Q2
{
/**
 * Program entry point for drop-out stack testing.
 * @param args Argument list.
 */    
public static void main(String[] args)
{
    ArrayDropOutStack<Integer> stack = new ArrayDropOutStack<Integer>(4);

    System.out.println("DROP-OUT STACK TESTING");

    stack.push(1);
    stack.push(2);
    stack.push(3);
    stack.push(4);       
    stack.push(5);               

    System.out.println("The size of the stack is: " + stack.size());        
    if(!stack.isEmpty())            
        System.out.println("The stack contains:\n" + stack.toString());

    stack.pop();        
    stack.push(7);
    stack.push(8);      

    System.out.println("The size of the stack is: " + stack.size());                
    if(!stack.isEmpty())            
        System.out.println("The stack contains:\n" + stack.toString());
}

public static class ArrayDropOutStack<T> implements StackADT<T>
{   
    private final static int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 100;

    private int top;
    private int bottomElem = 0;
    private T[] stack;

    /**
     * Creates an empty stack using the default capacity.
     */
    public ArrayDropOutStack()
    {
        this(DEFAULT_CAPACITY);
    }

    /**
     * Creates an empty stack using the specified capacity.
     * @param initialCapacity the initial size of the array 
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public ArrayDropOutStack(int initialCapacity)
    {
        top = -1;
        stack = (T[])(new Object[initialCapacity]);
    }

    /**
     * Adds the specified element to the top of this stack, expanding
     * the capacity of the array if necessary.
     * @param element generic element to be pushed onto stack
     */
    public void push(T element)
    {
        if (size() == stack.length) 
            top = 0;

        stack[top] = element;
        top++;
    }

    /**
     * Removes the element at the top of this stack and returns a
     * reference to it. 
     * @return element removed from top of stack
     * @throws EmptyCollectionException if stack is empty 
     */
    public T pop() throws EmptyCollectionException
    {
        if (isEmpty())
            throw new EmptyCollectionException("stack");

        T result = stack[top];
        stack[top] = null;

        if (top == 0)
            top = size()-1;
        top--;

        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a reference to the element at the top of this stack.
     * The element is not removed from the stack. 
     * @return element on top of stack
     * @throws EmptyCollectionException if stack is empty
     */
    public T peek() throws EmptyCollectionException
    {
        if (isEmpty())
            throw new EmptyCollectionException("stack");

        return stack[top];
    }

    /**
     * Returns true if this stack is empty and false otherwise. 
     * @return true if this stack is empty
     */
    public boolean isEmpty()
    {
        if(stack.length == 0)
        {
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the number of elements in this stack.
     * @return the number of elements in the stack
     */
    public int size()
    {
        int counter = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < stack.length; i++)
        {
            if (stack[i] != null)
            {
                //counter ++;
            }
        }
        return counter;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a string representation of this stack. The string has the
     * form of each element printed on its own line, with the top most
     * element displayed first, and the bottom most element displayed last.
     * If the list is empty, returns the word "empty".
     * @return a string representation of the stack
     */
    public String toString()
       {
           String result = "";
           for (int scan = top-1; scan >= 0; scan--)
           result = result + stack[scan].toString() + "\n";
           return result;
        }
   }
}

我认为问题出在这一块,但我无法确定问题所在。 任何帮助是极大的赞赏!

public void push(T element)
    {
        if (size() == stack.length) 
            top = 0;

        stack[top] = element;
        top++;
    }

您正在尝试做的但可能没有意识到的是,它提供了一个由圆形数组支持的固定大小的堆栈。

当您开始堆叠top = 0 然后,插入足够多的数据,直到达到容量为止,然后选择转储堆栈中“最旧的”值并为“刷新器”数据腾出空间。 好吧, Oth元素是最古老的元素,所以当index = size设为0时,您不能用一块石头杀死两只小鸟吗?

考虑:

public class CircularStack {

    int size = 5;
    int[] arr = new int[size];
    int top = 0;

    public void push(int i) {
        arr[top++ % size] = i;
    }

    public int pop() {
        return arr[--top % size];
    }
}

这段代码有趣的部分是top++ % size--top % size 它们都处理能够超出数组范围的top 因此,对于大小为5的数组,唯一可能的索引为{ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 }

您很快就会意识到这种方法会引入另一个邪恶程度较小的问题。 如有必要,我会留给您发现和解决。

通常,在推入/弹出操作中,当您进行推入操作时,您想后递增( array[i++] = foo或“将其添加到数组中然后增加索引”),而当您弹出时,则要进行预减量( foo = array[--i]或“递减索引,然后从数组中获取值”)

当您通过推送到达数组的末尾时, top将为4,这不是数组的有效索引,因此下一个pop必须先递减然后从数组中获取值。

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