'delayed_jobs'宝石未在Heroku上迁移

Question

请参阅底部的更新

我正在尝试在项目中使用“ delayed_jobs” gem。 我可以在本地环境中正常工作，但是当我将项目移至Heroku上的生产环境时，我无法“ rake db：migrate”，也无法启动服务器。 这是我遵循的步骤。

*在我的gem文件中运行带有'delayed_job'和'delayed_job_active_record'的bundle_install
*从迁移文件从我在DEV中运行'ails generate delay_job：active_record'时开始将迁移文件移动到服务器后，我没有运行'ails generate delay_job：active_record'
*我运行了rake db：migrate，但失败并显示以下错误，不确定如何解决。 （注意：由于表不存在，迁移似乎失败了，这是一个大问题，因为我需要运行迁移来创建表）。

[?25l[?25hUnable to write PID file to /app/tmp/pids/delayed_job.pid
[ActiveJob] Enqueued SquareOrderCleanupJob (Job ID: c364f5c1-a3c3-401a-95a6-a567a2813942) to DelayedJob(default) at 2016-06-04 14:57:56 UTC
[ActiveJob] Mysql2::Error: Table 'heroku_fc2daea183dcdd6.delayed_jobs' doesn't exist: SHOW FULL FIELDS FROM `delayed_jobs`
rake aborted!
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: Mysql2::Error: Table 'heroku_fc2daea183dcdd6.delayed_jobs' doesn't exist: SHOW FULL FIELDS FROM `delayed_jobs`
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/mysql2-0.3.21/lib/mysql2/client.rb:80:in `_query'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/mysql2-0.3.21/lib/mysql2/client.rb:80:in `block in query'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/mysql2-0.3.21/lib/mysql2/client.rb:79:in `handle_interrupt'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/mysql2-0.3.21/lib/mysql2/client.rb:79:in `query'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb:305:in `block in execute'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:473:in `block in log'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:467:in `log'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb:305:in `execute'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb:231:in `execute'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb:312:in `execute_and_free'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb:457:in `columns'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb:43:in `columns'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/attributes.rb:93:in `columns'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/attributes.rb:98:in `columns_hash'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:205:in `subclass_from_attributes?'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:54:in `new'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/delayed_job-4.1.2/lib/delayed/backend/base.rb:16:in `enqueue_job'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/delayed_job-4.1.2/lib/delayed/backend/base.rb:12:in `enqueue'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/queue_adapters/delayed_job_adapter.rb:22:in `enqueue_at'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/enqueuing.rb:69:in `block in enqueue'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:115:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:115:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:553:in `block (2 levels) in compile'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:503:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:503:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:496:in `block (2 levels) in around'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:341:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:341:in `block (2 levels) in simple'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/logging.rb:14:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/logging.rb:14:in `block (3 levels) in '
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/logging.rb:43:in `block in tag_logger'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `block in tagged'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `tagged'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/logging.rb:43:in `tag_logger'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/logging.rb:13:in `block (2 levels) in '
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:439:in `instance_exec'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:439:in `block in make_lambda'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:340:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:340:in `block in simple'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:495:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:495:in `block in around'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:503:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:503:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:88:in `run_callbacks'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/enqueuing.rb:67:in `enqueue'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/configured_job.rb:13:in `perform_later'
/app/config/initializers/schedule_jobs.rb:2:in `'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `block in load'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:652:in `block in load_config_initializer'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:166:in `instrument'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:651:in `load_config_initializer'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:616:in `block (2 levels) in '
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:615:in `each'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:615:in `block in '
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `each'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `tsort_each_child'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `each'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `tsort_each_child'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!'
/app/config/environment.rb:5:in `'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/application.rb:328:in `require_environment!'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/application.rb:457:in `block in run_tasks_blocks'
Mysql2::Error: Table 'heroku_fc2daea183dcdd6.delayed_jobs' doesn't exist
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/mysql2-0.3.21/lib/mysql2/client.rb:80:in `_query'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/mysql2-0.3.21/lib/mysql2/client.rb:80:in `block in query'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/mysql2-0.3.21/lib/mysql2/client.rb:79:in `handle_interrupt'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/mysql2-0.3.21/lib/mysql2/client.rb:79:in `query'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb:305:in `block in execute'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:473:in `block in log'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:467:in `log'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb:305:in `execute'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb:231:in `execute'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb:312:in `execute_and_free'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_mysql_adapter.rb:457:in `columns'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/schema_cache.rb:43:in `columns'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/attributes.rb:93:in `columns'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/attributes.rb:98:in `columns_hash'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:205:in `subclass_from_attributes?'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.3/lib/active_record/inheritance.rb:54:in `new'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/delayed_job-4.1.2/lib/delayed/backend/base.rb:16:in `enqueue_job'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/delayed_job-4.1.2/lib/delayed/backend/base.rb:12:in `enqueue'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/queue_adapters/delayed_job_adapter.rb:22:in `enqueue_at'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/enqueuing.rb:69:in `block in enqueue'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:115:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:115:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:553:in `block (2 levels) in compile'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:503:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:503:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:496:in `block (2 levels) in around'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:341:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:341:in `block (2 levels) in simple'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/logging.rb:14:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/logging.rb:14:in `block (3 levels) in '
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/logging.rb:43:in `block in tag_logger'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `block in tagged'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `tagged'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/logging.rb:43:in `tag_logger'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/logging.rb:13:in `block (2 levels) in '
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:439:in `instance_exec'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:439:in `block in make_lambda'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:340:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:340:in `block in simple'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:495:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:495:in `block in around'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:503:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:503:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:88:in `run_callbacks'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/enqueuing.rb:67:in `enqueue'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activejob-4.2.3/lib/active_job/configured_job.rb:13:in `perform_later'
/app/config/initializers/schedule_jobs.rb:2:in `'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `block in load'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:652:in `block in load_config_initializer'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:166:in `instrument'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:651:in `load_config_initializer'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:616:in `block (2 levels) in '
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:615:in `each'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:615:in `block in '
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `each'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `tsort_each_child'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `each'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:44:in `tsort_each_child'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!'
/app/config/environment.rb:5:in `'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/application.rb:328:in `require_environment!'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.3/lib/rails/application.rb:457:in `block in run_tasks_blocks'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate => environment
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
[?25h

更新我发现问题是由在我的rails应用程序初始化时执行以下代码引起的。 通过暂时删除它，然后在迁移完成后将其重新添加，我能够使迁移工作（代码要求在运行迁移之前先运行迁移）。 这是一个临时补丁，因此我将为将来的PROD推送寻求更好的解决方案。 我在想我可以找到一种在运行代码之前检查表是否存在的方法，但是如果有人知道更好的方法，请告诉我。

system("ruby lib/background_job start")
SquareOrderCleanupJob.set(wait: 10.minute).perform_later()
at_exit do
    system("ruby lib/background_job stop")
end

Answer 1

您可以检查表是否存在，并因此检查是否已运行迁移：

ActiveRecord::Base.connection.table_exists? 'table_name'

这个答案也在这里 。