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在对 Spring REST 控制器进行单元测试时注入 @AuthenticationPrincipal

[英]Inject @AuthenticationPrincipal when unit testing a Spring REST controller

我在尝试测试接收UserDetails作为用@AuthenticationPrincipal.

似乎没有使用在测试场景中创建的用户实例,而是尝试使用默认构造函数进行实例化: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.andrucz.app.AppUserDetails]: No default constructor found;

休息端点:

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/items")
class ItemEndpoint {

    @Autowired
    private ItemService itemService;

    @RequestMapping(path = "/{id}",
                    method = RequestMethod.GET,
                    produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE)
    public Callable<ItemDto> getItemById(@PathVariable("id") String id, @AuthenticationPrincipal AppUserDetails userDetails) {
        return () -> {
            Item item = itemService.getItemById(id).orElseThrow(() -> new ResourceNotFoundException(id));
            ...
        };
    }
}

测试类:

public class ItemEndpointTests {

    @InjectMocks
    private ItemEndpoint itemEndpoint;

    @Mock
    private ItemService itemService;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(itemEndpoint)
                .build();
    }

    @Test
    public void findItem() throws Exception {
        when(itemService.getItemById("1")).thenReturn(Optional.of(new Item()));

        mockMvc.perform(get("/api/items/1").with(user(new AppUserDetails(new User()))))
                .andExpect(status().isOk());
    }

}

如何在不必切换到webAppContextSetup的情况下解决该问题? 我想编写完全控制服务模拟的测试,所以我正在使用standaloneSetup.

这可以通过将HandlerMethodArgumentResolver注入您的 Mock MVC 上下文或独立设置来完成。 假设您的@AuthenticationPrincipalParticipantDetails类型:

private HandlerMethodArgumentResolver putAuthenticationPrincipal = new HandlerMethodArgumentResolver() {
    @Override
    public boolean supportsParameter(MethodParameter parameter) {
        return parameter.getParameterType().isAssignableFrom(ParticipantDetails.class);
    }

    @Override
    public Object resolveArgument(MethodParameter parameter, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
            NativeWebRequest webRequest, WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory) throws Exception {
        return new ParticipantDetails(…);
    }
};

这个参数解析器可以处理ParticipantDetails类型并且只是凭空创建它,但是你会看到你得到了很多上下文。 稍后,此参数解析器附加到模拟 MVC 对象:

@BeforeMethod
public void beforeMethod() {
    mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders
            .standaloneSetup(…)
            .setCustomArgumentResolvers(putAuthenticationPrincipal)
            .build();
}

这将导致您的@AuthenticationPrincipal注释方法参数被您的解析器的详细信息填充。

出于某种原因,Michael Piefel 的解决方案对我不起作用,所以我想出了另一个。

首先,创建抽象配置类:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@TestExecutionListeners({
    DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class,
    DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class,
    WithSecurityContextTestExecutionListener.class})
public abstract MockMvcTestPrototype {

    @Autowired
    protected WebApplicationContext context;

    protected MockMvc mockMvc;

    protected org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User loggedUser;

    @Before
    public voivd setUp() {
         mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders
            .webAppContextSetup(context)
            .apply(springSecurity())
            .build();

        loggedUser =  (User)  SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
    } 
}

然后你可以写这样的测试:

public class SomeTestClass extends MockMvcTestPrototype {

    @Test
    @WithUserDetails("someUser@app.com")
    public void someTest() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.
                perform(get("/api/someService")
                    .withUser(user(loggedUser)))
                .andExpect(status().isOk());

    }
}

并且@AuthenticationPrincipal 应该将您自己的 User 类实现注入到控制器方法中

public class SomeController {
...
    @RequestMapping(method = POST, value = "/update")
    public String update(UdateDto dto, @AuthenticationPrincipal CurrentUser user) {
        ...
        user.getUser(); // works like a charm!
       ...
    }
}

它没有很好的文档记录,但是有一种方法可以将Authentication对象作为 MVC 方法的参数注入到独立的 MockMvc 中 如果您在SecurityContextHolder设置Authentication ,过滤器SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter通常由 Spring Security 实例化,并为您注入 auth。

您只需将该过滤器添加到您的 MockMvc 设置中,如下所示:

@Before
public void before() throws Exception {
    SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(myAuthentication);
    SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter authInjector = new SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter();
    authInjector.afterPropertiesSet();
    mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(myController).addFilters(authInjector).build();
}

我知道这个问题很老,但对于仍在寻找的人来说,使用@AuthenticationPrincipal编写 Spring Boot 测试对我@AuthenticationPrincipal (这可能不适用于所有实例),是注释测试@WithMockUser("testuser1")

@Test
@WithMockUser("testuser1")
public void successfullyMockUser throws Exception {
    mvc.perform(...));
}

这是@WithMockUser上 Spring 文档的链接

@pzeszko 答案的简化:

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest
@Transactional
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class ControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Test
    @WithUserDetails(value = "user@gmail.com")
    void get() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(URL))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andDo(print());
    }

见:

这个解决方案对我有用,我发现它真的很方便。

test包中创建一个实现 UserDetailsS​​ervce 的TestIUserDetails服务:

@Service
@Primary
@Profile("test")
public class TestIUserDetails implements UserDetailsService {
public static final String ADMIN_USERNAME = "admin@example.com";
    public static final String USERNAME = "user@example.com";

    private User getUser() {
        User user = new User();
        user.setEmail(USERNAME);
        user.setId(1L);
        return user;
    }
    ...
    
    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        if (Objects.equals(username, ADMIN_USERNAME))
            return getAdminUser();
        else if (Objects.equals(username, USERNAME))
            return getUser();
        return getPublicUser();
    }
}

现在,在您的测试中:

@SpringMockWebEnvTestConfig
class AbcControllerTest {
    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mvc;
    @Autowired
    UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
    private User user;

    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() {
        user = (User) userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(TestUserDetailsImpl.USERNAME);
    }

   @Test
   public void testAbc(){
     this.mvc.perform(post(endpoint).with(user(user))
     ...
     .andExpect(status().isCreated())...
   }
}

我的@AuthenticationPrincipal 需要一个 Jwt,因此必须实现一个实现 HandlerMethodArgumentResolver 的自定义参数解析器。

public class JwtArgumentResolver implements HandlerMethodArgumentResolver {
    @Override
    public boolean supportsParameter(MethodParameter parameter) {
        return parameter.getParameterType().isAssignableFrom(Jwt.class);
    }
    @Override
    public Object resolveArgument(MethodParameter parameter, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
                                  NativeWebRequest webRequest, WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory) {

        var jwtToken = Jwt.withTokenValue("token")
                .header("alg", "none")
                .claim("sub", "user")
                .claim("scope", "read").build();
        return jwtToken;
    }
}

在测试中:

@BeforeAll
public void setup() {
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    mockMvc =  MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(myController).setCustomArgumentResolvers(new JwtArgumentResolver()).build();
}

并且 mockMvc.perform 可以在不传递RequestPostProcessor的情况下使用。

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