在SQL中合并和透视数据

Question

我有一个数据源，描述的销售交易格式如下：

    Transaction |    Date   | Location |    UPC    | LineNumber
----------------+-----------+----------+-----------+------------
         123    | 7/2/2016  | Store A  | 123456789 |      1
         123    | 7/2/2016  | Store A  | 123965478 |      2
         124    | 7/2/2016  | Store A  | 123456789 |      1
         124    | 7/2/2016  | Store A  | 123459879 |      2
         124    | 7/2/2016  | Store A  | 123456789 |      3
         123    | 7/3/2016  | Store B  | 123456789 |      1
         123    | 7/3/2016  | Store B  | 958685458 |      2

为了在我们的报告工具中使用此数据，我需要使用以下格式来格式化该数据：Transaction-Location为Unique，UPC接下来为基于行号的列：

Transaction |    Date   |  UPC 1    |   UPC 2   |  UPC 3
------------+-----------+-----------+----------
123-Store A | 7/2/2016  | 123456789 | 123965478 |   NULL
124-Store A | 7/2/2016  | 123456789 | 123459879 | 123456789
123-Store B | 7/3/2016  | 123456789 | 958685458 |   NULL

任何想法表示赞赏

Answer 1

标准的PIVOT可以解决问题。 您只需要在调用PIVOT之前在CTE或嵌套的Select中定义串联的Transaction列即可。

DECLARE @Table AS TABLE ([Transaction] INT, Date DATE, Location VARCHAR(15), UPC INT, LineNumber INT)
INSERT INTO @Table ([Transaction], Date, Location, UPC, LineNumber)
VALUES
(123,'7/2/2016','Store A',123456789,1)
,(123,'7/2/2016','Store A',123965478,2)
,(124,'7/2/2016','Store A',123456789,1)
,(124,'7/2/2016','Store A',123459879,2)
,(124,'7/2/2016','Store A',123456789,3)
,(123,'7/3/2016','Store B',123456789,1)
,(123,'7/3/2016','Store B',958685458,2)

;WITH cteCombineTransLocation AS (
    SELECT
       CAST([Transaction] AS VARCHAR(50)) + '-' + Location as [Transaction]
       ,Date
       ,UPC
       ,LineNumber
    FROM
       @Table
)

SELECT
    [Transaction]
    ,[Date]
    ,[1] as UPC1
    ,[2] as UPC2
    ,[3] as UPC3
FROM
    cteCombineTransLocation
    PIVOT (
       MAX(UPC)
       FOR LineNumber IN ([1],[2],[3])
    ) p

如果您想要更多的UPC列，或者该数字是动态的，那么正如注释者所指出的，您可以使用动态sql，但是您仍然需要首先准备串联字段。