VARCHAR 列上的 SQL 字母数字排序

Question

我正在处理需要按字母然后按数字排序的字母数字列值。

数据示例：

• a1
• a10
• a11
• ab2
• ab21
• ab22
• a1a
• a1b

需要排序如下：

• a1
• a1a
• a1b
• a2
• a3
• ab1
• ab2
• ab3
• ...

需要有关如何在 SQL 中对此进行排序的建议。

谢谢。

Answer 1

以下可能适用于字母数字。 但是请注意，对于非字母数字值，行为未定义。

WITH A (A, N) AS (
    SELECT A, 3 + LEN(A) FROM (
        SELECT 'a1'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'a10'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'a11'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'ab2'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'ab21'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'ab22'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'a1a'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'a1b'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'a1'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'a1a'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'a1b'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'a2'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'a3'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'a9'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'ab1'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'ab2'
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'ab3'
    ) T (A)
), B (A, N, I, C, D, X) AS (
    SELECT A, N, 3, CAST(SUBSTRING(A, 1, 1) AS VARCHAR(255)), CAST(SUBSTRING(A, 2, 1) AS VARCHAR(255)), CAST('' AS VARCHAR(255)) FROM A
    UNION ALL
    SELECT A, N, I + 1, D, CAST(SUBSTRING(A, I, 1) AS VARCHAR(255)), CASE WHEN ASCII(C) BETWEEN 48 AND 57 AND ASCII(D) BETWEEN 48 AND 57 THEN CAST(X + CHAR(10 + ASCII(D)) AS VARCHAR(255)) WHEN 58 > ASCII(C) THEN CAST(X + C AS VARCHAR(255)) ELSE CAST(X + CHAR(3 + ASCII(C)) AS VARCHAR(255)) END FROM B WHERE I <= N
)
SELECT A FROM B WHERE I = N
ORDER BY X COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN

代码当前以区分大小写的方式排序，但也可以进行调整以进行不区分大小写的排序，例如通过使用

ORDER BY UPPER(X) COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN

或者

ORDER BY LOWER(X) COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN

Answer 2

你试过吗？

SELECT column_x
FROM table_name x
ORDER BY x.column_name ASC|DESC, x.column_name ASC|DESC;