为Java http clientbuilder编写Mock测试类

Question

我是第一次使用Java编写单元测试用例，并且试图弄清楚如何为http客户端模拟测试用例。 我正在尝试测试以下功能：

public HttpResponse getRequest(String uri) throws Exception {
        String url = baseUrl + uri;

        CloseableHttpClient httpClient =  HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
        HttpGet get = new HttpGet(url);
        get.setHeader(AUTHORIZATION_HEADER, authorization);
        get.setHeader(ACCEPT_HEADER, APPLICATION_JSON);
        HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
        return response;
    }

我不想实际调用该URL并访问服务器，我只想尝试模拟我可以从服务器获得的所有响应，例如500或200或套接字错误。 我已经研究了Mockito库来模拟Java函数，但是我已经读过Mockito不能用于静态方法。

有人可以指导我如何为此编写单元测试吗？ 另外，由于在函数内部创建了HTTPClient，因此这是测试的好习惯吗？

Answer 1

在这种情况下，您无法模拟HttpClient，因为您是在不建议使用的方法中创建HttpClient，而是在这种情况下应将依赖项注入HttClient。

下面是代码：

public class Test1 {
    private HttpClient httpClient ;
    Test1(HttpClient httpClient){
        this.httpClient = httpClient;
    }

    public HttpResponse getRequest(String uri) throws Exception {
        HttpGet get = new HttpGet(uri);
        HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(get);
        return response;
    }
}

测试班

public class Test1Test {

    @Test
    public void testGetRequest() throws Exception {
        final HttpClient mockHttpClient = Mockito.mock(HttpClient.class);
        final Test1 test1 = new Test1(mockHttpClient);
        final HttpResponse mockHttpResponse = Mockito.mock(HttpResponse.class);
        final StatusLine mockStatusLine = Mockito.mock(StatusLine.class);
        Mockito.when(mockHttpClient.execute(ArgumentMatchers.any(HttpGet.class))).thenReturn(mockHttpResponse);
        Mockito.when(mockHttpResponse.getStatusLine()).thenReturn(mockStatusLine);
        Mockito.when(mockStatusLine.getStatusCode()).thenReturn(200);
        final HttpResponse response = test1.getRequest("https://url");
        assertEquals(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), 200);
    }
}