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如何从列表中获取最接近给定目标的向量

[英]How to get the nearest Vector to a given target from a list

因此,想象一下我在Java中创建了一个带有两个变量xyVector类:

public class Vector {
    private int x;
    private int y;

    public Vector(int x, int y) {
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    }

    public int getX() {
        return this.x;  
    }

    public int getY(){
        return this.y;
    }
}

然后,我创建了向量的ArrayList

private List<Vector> vecs = new ArrayList<Vector>();

我已经在该列表中创建了:

8,9
10,5
83473834,938849584985
etc ...

现在我想获得与另一个向量最接近的向量。 例:

private List<Vector> vecs = new ArrayList<Vector>();
private Vector vec = new Vector(1,1);

for(Vector vector:vecs) {
    //What do i put here??
}

那么我应该在for循环中放入什么以使其从向量列表中选择最近的向量呢?

我将从向VectordistanceTo添加一个方法开始,该方法计算从该向量到另一个向量的距离:

public double distanceTo(Vector vec) {
    double dx = x - vec.x;               //calculate the diffrence in x-coordinate
    double dy = y - vec.y;               //calculate the diffrence in y-coordinate
    return Math.sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy);     //use the distance formula to find the difference
}

然后,您可以编写以下方法,以将列表中最接近的向量返回给定向量:

public static Vector closest(Vector target, List<Vector> list) {
    Vector closest = list.get(0);                                 //this variable will kep track of the closest vector we have found yet. We simply start with the first one

    for(int i = 1; i < list.size(); i++) {                        //loop over the list, skipping the first entry
        Vector curr = list.get(i);                                //get the current vector from the list
        if (target.distanceTo(curr) < target.distanceTo(closest))    //if the current vector is closer to target than the closest one yet
            closest = curr;                                       //keep the current vector as the new closest one
    }

    return closest;                                               //return the resulting vector
}

然后可以这样使用该方法:

Vector target = new Vector(1, 2);

List<Vector> vecs = new ArrayList<Vector>();
vecs.add(new Vector(-2, 6));
vecs.add(new Vector(1, 3));
vecs.add(new Vector(4, 0));
vecs.add(new Vector(8, -1));

Vector closest = findClosest(target, vecs);

如您所见,我试图尽我所能来解释代码,但是随时可以提出任何其他问题!

编辑另一种方法是:

 public double distanceTo(Vector vec1,Vector vec2) {
        double dx = vec2.x - vec1.x;               //calculate the diffrence in x-coordinate
        double dy = vec.y - vec1.y;               //calculate the diffrence in y-coordinate
        return Math.sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy);     //use the distance formula to find the difference
    }

这是如果您不能将其放入向量类中

这是一个基本的编程问题。 它与OpenGL不相关。 一个简单的线性搜索如下所示:

private List<Vector> vecs = new ArrayList<Vector>();

private Vector vec = new Vector(1,1);

Vector minDistanceVector = null;
int minDistanceSquared = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
for(Vector vector : vecs) {
    //Calculate the distance
    //This could be a member function of Vector
    int dx = vector.getX() - vec.getX();
    int dy = vector.getY() - vec.getY();
    int squaredDistance = dx * dx + dy * dy;

    if(squaredDistance < minDistanceSquared) {
        minDistanceSquared = squaredDistance;
        minDistanceVector = vector;
    }
}

之后,您将在minDistanceVector拥有最接近的向量。 我选择了欧式距离,因为这可能就是您想要的。 但是,您当然可以使用任何其他距离。

如果您想要更有效的方法,则可能需要在这些点上构建一些加速度数据结构并对其进行查询(例如,网格,kd树,四叉树等)。

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