Ruby使用带有正则表达式的gsub

Question

好的，所以我尝试使用带有正则表达式的gsub来替换整个单词，而不是它的一部分。 其中一条规则是将“be”改为b。 但我只想为个别单词做这件事。

原始字符串： I really want to be the best at everything

修改后的字符串： I really want to be the best at everything

期望的字符串： I really want to b the best at everything

以下代码将接受一个字符串数组，并应将“be”更改为“b”。

array = [
"Hey guys, can anyone teach me how to be cool? 
I really want to be the best at everything,
you know what I mean? Tweeting is super fun you guys!!!!",
"OMG you guys, you won't believe how sweet my kitten is. 
My kitten is like super cuddly and too cute to be believed right?",
"I'm running out of example tweets for you guys, which is weird, 
because I'm a writer and this is just writing and I tweet all day. 
For real, you guys. For real.",
"GUISEEEEE this is so fun! I'm tweeting for you guys and this tweet is 
SOOOO long it's gonna be way more than you would think twitter can handle, 
so shorten it up you know what I mean? I just can never tell how long to keep typing!",
"New game. Middle aged tweet followed by #youngPeopleHashTag Example: 
Gotta get my colonoscopy and mammogram soon. Prevention is key! #swag"
]

rules = {
    "hello" => "hi",
    "too" => "2",
    "to" => "2",
    "two" => "2",
    "for" => "4",
    "four" => "4",
    "be" => "b",
    "you" => "u",
    "at" => "@",
    "and" => "&"
}

def substitutor(strings,subs)
    strings.each_with_index do |string,index|
        subs.each do |word,substitute|
            strings[index].gsub!(/\bword\b/, substitute)
        end
    end
end

substitutor(array,rules)

如果我不使用正则表达式替换，它会给我这个： I really want to b the bst at everything

Answer 1

/\\bword\\b/查找word ，而不是查找变量word定义的字符串。 只需在代码中将此正则表达式更改为/\\b#{pattern}\\b/或可能/\\b#{pattern}\\b/i （不区分大小写），您的方法就可以正常工作。

此替换器输出一个新数组，而不更改原始数组：

def substitutor(strings,rules)
  rules.inject(strings) do |strings, (pattern, replace)|
    strings.map do |string|
      string.gsub(/\b#{pattern}\b/i, replace)
    end
  end
end

puts substitutor(array,rules)

# Hey guys, can anyone teach me how 2 b cool? 
# I really want 2 b the best @ everything,
# u know what I mean? Tweeting is super fun u guys!!!!
# OMG u guys, u won't believe how sweet my kitten is. 
# My kitten is like super cuddly & 2 cute 2 b believed right?
# I'm running out of example tweets 4 u guys, which is weird, 
# because I'm a writer & this is just writing & I tweet all day. 
# 4 real, u guys. 4 real.
# GUISEEEEE this is so fun! I'm tweeting 4 u guys & this tweet is 
# SOOOO long it's gonna b way more than u would think twitter can handle, 
# so shorten it up u know what I mean? I just can never tell how long 2 keep typing!
# New game. Middle aged tweet followed by #youngPeopleHashTag Example: 
# Gotta get my colonoscopy & mammogram soon. Prevention is key! #swag

Answer 2

你可以这样做。

rules.default_proc = ->(_,k) { k }
arr = array.map { |s| s.gsub(/\w+/, rules) }

产生以下内容。

arr.each { |s| puts s }
  # Hey guys, can anyone teach me how 2 b cool? 
  # I really want 2 b the best @ everything,
  # u know what I mean? Tweeting is super fun u guys!!!!
  # OMG u guys, u won't believe how sweet my kitten is. 
  # My kitten is like super cuddly & 2 cute 2 b believed right?
  # I'm running out of example tweets 4 u guys, which is weird, 
  # because I'm a writer & this is just writing & I tweet all day. 
  # For real, u guys. For real.
  # GUISEEEEE this is so fun! I'm tweeting 4 u guys & this tweet is 
  # SOOOO long it's gonna b way more than u would think twitter can handle, 
  # so shorten it up u know what I mean? I just can never tell how long 2 keep typing!
  # New game. Middle aged tweet followed by #youngPeopleHashTag Example: 
  # Gotta get my colonoscopy & mammogram soon. Prevention is key! #swag

我使用Hash＃default_proc =将proc附加到rules以便rules[k]返回k如果rules没有密钥k并使用String＃gsub的形式，它使用哈希进行替换。