Appium：连接到127.0.0.1:4723 [/127.0.0.1]失败：连接被拒绝：connect

Question

我正在尝试编写我的第一个Java Appium测试。
每次我运行代码时，都会出现以下错误：

org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to 127.0.0.1:4723 [/127.0.0.1] failed: Connection refused: connect  
....  
at MyFirstTest.setupTest(MyFirstTest.java:52)  
Caused by: org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException: Connect to 127.0.0.1:4723 [/127.0.0.1] failed: Connection refused: connect  
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.connect(DefaultHttpClientConnectionOperator.java:158)  
at org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.connect(PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager.java:353)  

这是我的代码：

public class MyFirstTest  
{  
    public AppiumDriver<MobileElement> driver;  
    public WebDriverWait wait;  
    String usersEmail = "xxxx@gmail.com";  
    String userPassword = "aaaaaa";  

    public void login() throws InterruptedException  
    {  
        WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//android.widget.EditText[contains(@text,'Enter Email')]"));  
        email.sendKeys(usersEmail);  
        Sleeper.SYSTEM_SLEEPER.sleep(new Duration(1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));  
        driver.findElement(By.xpath("//android.widget.RelativeLayout[contains(@resource-id,'edtPassword')]//android.widget.EditText[contains(@resource-id,'edtText')]")).sendKeys(userPassword);  
    driver.findElement(By.xpath("//android.widget.Button[contains(@resource-id,'btnLogin')]")).click();  
    }  
    @Before  
    public void setupTest() throws Exception  
    {  
        DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();  
        capabilities.setCapability("platormName", "Android");  
        capabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "Redmi");  
        capabilities.setCapability("appPackage","com.ls.stockpair");  
        capabilities.setCapability("appActivity","com.ls.stockpair.activity.SplashActivity");  
        driver = new AndroidDriver<MobileElement>(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities);  
        Thread.sleep(8000);  
    }  
    @Test  
    public void go() throws InterruptedException  
    {  

    WebElement email = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//android.widget.EditText[contains(@text,'Enter Email')]"));  
    email.sendKeys(usersEmail);  
    Sleeper.SYSTEM_SLEEPER.sleep(new Duration(1000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));  
    driver.findElement(By.xpath("//android.widget.RelativeLayout[contains(@resource-id,'edtPassword')]//android.widget.EditText[contains(@resource-id,'edtText')]")).sendKeys(userPassword);  
    driver.findElement(By.xpath("//android.widget.Button[contains(@resource-id,'btnLogin')]")).click();  

    Sleeper.SYSTEM_SLEEPER.sleep(new Duration(2000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));  
        }  
}  

目前，我在运行代码之前手动启动Appium。 还尝试从代码启动Appium-这没有帮助。
该代码在我开始编写此代码的第一天就起作用了，但是以某种方式（我真的不知道为什么）停止了工作。
我在网路上看到许多关于这个问题有不同答案的问题，但到目前为止，没有人帮助过我。
我正在使用通过USB连接到Windows计算机的真实Android设备。

Answer 1

以下是最佳解决方案，您无需每次都手动启动appium。

public static AndroidDriver<MobileElement> driver=null;
    public static AppiumDriverLocalService service=null;

    service = AppiumDriverLocalService.buildDefaultService();
    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();  
    capabilities.setCapability("platormName", "Android");  
    capabilities.setCapability("deviceName", "Redmi");  
    capabilities.setCapability("appPackage","com.ls.stockpair");  
    capabilities.setCapability("appActivity","com.ls.stockpair.activity.SplashActivity");  

    service.start();
    driver = new AndroidDriver<MobileElement>(service, capabilities);

注意：如果您使用的是appium版本1.5.3+，则需要在环境变量中设置APPIUM_BINARY_PATH。

例如APPIUM_BINARY_PATH = C：\\ Users \\ YourUserName \\ AppData \\ Roaming \\ npm \\ node_modules \\ appium \\ build \\ lib \\ main.js

有关如何设置APPIUM_BINARY_PATH的更多详细信息，请参见以下屏幕截图：