使用PowerShell捕获PsExec的输出会更改输出

Question

我要实现的目标是从运行psexec -nobanner \\\\1.2.3.4 net localgroup Administrators重定向标准输出和标准错误。 当我重定向标准输出时，命令的结果将更改。 以我尝试过的任何方式，有关捕获标准输出的某些事情似乎都会改变结果。 我想知道为什么，并且想让它正常工作。

在PowerShell中，如果运行此命令：

psexec -nobanner \\1.2.3.4 net localgroup Administrators

我看到这个：

Couldn't access 1.2.3.4:
The trust relationship between this workstation and the primary domain failed.

（在Couldn't access 1.2.3.4:结束，我简要地看到正在Connecting to 1.2.3.4...而另一些东西闪烁得太快而无法看到。）

如果我尝试捕获输出，请使用以下命令：

$output = psexec.exe -nobanner \\1.2.3.4 net localgroup Administrators

我懂了：

Couldn't access 1.2.3.4:
The handle is invalid.

（如上所述，在Couldn't access 1.2.3.4:结束的地方，我简要地看到了Connecting to 1.2.3.4... ）

我意识到我需要重定向错误流-这就是我开始的地方。 但是，即使不更改它，我什至无法获得标准输出。 这个问题是关于当我尝试捕获输出时乳清输出变化。

更新

我刚刚注意到，如果我运行相同的命令（上面在PowerShell主机中有效）

psexec -nobanner \\1.2.3.4 net localgroup Administrators

在PowerShell ISE中 ，出现以下相同错误：

psexec : The handle is invalid.
At line:1 char:1
+ psexec -nobanner \\1.2.3.4 net localgroup Administrators
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (The handle is invalid.:String) [], RemoteException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError

Connecting to 1.2.3.4...Couldn't access 1.2.3.4:
Connecting to 1.2.3.4...

那么，为什么在ISE中运行它会产生与普通主机不同的输出？

---

我尝试过的其他方法：

1.开始过程

Start-Process -Wait -PSPath 'C:\Windows\PSTools\psexec.exe' -NoNewWindow `
    -ArgumentList "-nobanner \\$ip net localgroup Administrators" `
    -RedirectStandardError '.\tempError.log' -RedirectStandardOutput '.\tempOutput.log'
'O:'
Get-Content .\tempOutput.log
'E:'
Get-Content .\tempError.log

这使：

O:
E:
The handle is invalid.
Connecting to 1.2.3.4...


Couldn't access 1.2.3.4:
Connecting to 1.2.3.4...

2.仅重定向标准输出

psexec -nobanner \\1.2.3.4 net localgroup Administrators > psexec.log

这使：

Couldn't access 1.2.3.4:
The handle is invalid.

[psexec.log为空，因为我仅重定向标准输出，而PsExec将其自身的消息写入标准错误。]

3.仅重定向标准错误

我注意到了一些奇怪的事情：如果我仅重定向标准错误， 它就可以工作 （PsExec可以工作，命令失败，输出被重定向）：

psexec -nobanner \\1.2.3.4 net localgroup Administrators 2> psexec.log

psexec.log文件包含：

psexec : The trust relationship between this workstation and the primary domain failed.
At line:1 char:1
+ psexec -nobanner \\1.2.3.4 net localgroup Administrators 2> ps ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (The trust relat... domain failed.:String) [], RemoteException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError

Connecting to 1.2.3.4...                                                                                        
                               Couldn't access 1.2.3.4:
Connecting to 1.2.3.4...                                                                                        

4.全部重定向

psexec.exe -nobanner \\1.2.3.4 net localgroup Administrators *>&1 | Set-Variable -Name Output

这给出了：

psexec : The handle is invalid.
At line:1 char:1
+ psexec -nobanner \\1.2.3.4 net localgroup Administrators *>&1  ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (The handle is invalid.:String) [], RemoteException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError

Connecting to 1.2.3.4...Couldn't access 1.2.3.4:
Connecting to 1.2.3.4...

---

我使用cmd重复了上述内容：

5.仅使用cmd重定向标准输出

cmd /c C:\Windows\PsTools\psexec -nobanner \\1.2.3.4 net localgroup Administrators --% 1> psexec.log

给出：

Couldn't access 1.2.3.4:
The handle is invalid.

（直接到控制台）。 6.仅使用cmd重定向标准错误

cmd /c C:\Windows\PsTools\psexec -nobanner \\1.2.3.4 net localgroup Administrators --% 2> psexec.log

给出（在psexec.log ）：

The trust relationship between this workstation and the primary domain failed.
Connecting to 1.2.3.4...


Couldn't access 1.2.3.4:
Connecting to 1.2.3.4...

Answer 1

psexec.exe是一个简单的可执行文件，可将输出写入stdout（标准输出）和stderr（标准错误）。 因此，要捕获输出，请使用：

• psexec.exe > stdout.txt将捕获发送到stdout。
• psexec.exe 2> sterr.txt以捕获发送到stderr的输出。
• psexec.exe > combined.txt 2>&1可以将stdout和stderr捕获到一个文件中。

有趣的是，psexec将默认消息写入stderr-通常为stdout。 因此，运行psexec时在shell中看到的实际上是错误输出，需要使用2>捕获。

Answer 2

这会将myScript.ps1的所有输出返回到$ result变量，而PsExec周围没有其他所有垃圾。 假设您可以将ps1文件复制到目标计算机。

$result = & C:\tools\SysinternalsSuite\PsExec.exe \\$PC -nobanner C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -executionpolicy bypass -file c:\myScript.ps1 2> $null

符合PS命令版本

$result = & C:\tools\SysinternalsSuite\PsExec.exe \\$PC -nobanner C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -executionpolicy bypass -command "get-process" 2> $null

命令行版本

$result = & C:\tools\SysinternalsSuite\PsExec.exe \\$PC -nobanner C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe /c "ipconfig" 2> $null

Answer 3

这是一个完整的脚本，用于使用psexec和Runspace从远程系统运行和收集报告数据。 它比开始作业快得多，而且占用的内存少得多。

################################################################################################
# PSEXEC_Command_Runspaces
# Uses PSEXEC to run a command on multiple computers.  Useful when PS remoting is not enabled
# but you have admin rights.  
#
# Requires RSAT tools for the get-adcomputer command.  You could import a csv or other method
# to obtain a list of computers instead.  
################################################################################################
# Parameters
################################################################################################
#The list of computers to process
$pclist = get-adcomputer -filter "OperatingSystem -eq 'Windows 10 Enterprise' -and Name -like 'RC-*'" -properties DNSHostName | select -ExpandProperty DNSHostName
$Throttle = 500   #number of concurrent runspaces.  The higher this is, the more memory is needed for the runspaces.  500 takes less than 1GB for this script.  

################################################################################################
# This is the script that will run in each runspace.  
################################################################################################
$scriptblock = {
    Param (
      $nothing,  #this empty variable seems to be required because if you pass a single variable, it gets corrupted.  
      $PC
    )           

  if (test-connection $PC -Count 1 -ea SilentlyContinue) {  

    # Create script folders on remote computer and copy report script.  
    md \\$PC\c$\wsapps -ea SilentlyContinue
    md \\$PC\C$\wsapps\QA -ea SilentlyContinue
    copy 'C:\tools\Powershell\Review Center\PullBIOSandLoggedOnUser.ps1' "\\$pc\c$\wsapps\qa" -Force

    # Run ps exec and collect output
    # 2> $null gets rid of the "starting service and other junk from the PSexec output
    $result = & C:\tools\SysinternalsSuite\PsExec.exe \\$PC -nobanner C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -executionpolicy bypass -file c:\wsapps\qa\PullBIOSandLoggedOnUser.ps1 2> $null

    #remote script file from remote machine.  You could also remove folders if apropriate here. 
    remove-item \\$pc\C$\wsapps\QA\PullBIOSandLoggedOnUser.ps1 -ea SilentlyContinue

    #Parse results from single line of output.  PS does not return muliple lines of output from PSEXEC when wrapped in a job or runspace.  
    $parts = $result.split(",")
    $outobj = New-Object psobject
    $outobj | Add-Member ComputerName $PC
    $outobj | Add-Member WindowsVersion ($parts[1].split(":")[1])
    $outobj | Add-Member BiosVersion ($parts[2].split(":")[1])
    $outobj | Add-Member LoggedOnUser ($parts[3].split(":")[1])
    $outobj | Add-Member IPAddress ($parts[4].split(":")[1])
  }
  else {   #report object indicating offline status.
  $outobj = New-Object psobject
    $outobj | Add-Member ComputerName $PC
    $outobj | Add-Member WindowsVersion "Offline"
    $outobj | Add-Member BiosVersion "?"
    $outobj | Add-Member LoggedOnUser "?"
    $outobj | Add-Member IPAddress "?"
  }
  write-output $outobj
}


################################################################################################
# Main Logic
# Runspaces are much, much faster than start-job and use far less memory
# 260 computers took 4.5GB memory and > 20 minutes to process with start- job
# 260 computers took 260MB memory and < 1 minute to process with runspaces.
################################################################################################
$RunspacePool = [runspacefactory]::CreateRunspacePool(1,$Throttle)
$RunspacePool.Open()

#RSArrayList contains a link to each runspace.  Needed to track progress and obtain results later
$RSArrayList = New-Object System.Collections.ArrayList   

#Loop through each PC in the list, creating runspaces.  The runspace pool is used for multiple parallel spaces with rate control.  
foreach ($PC in $PClist) {
  $PowerShell = [powershell]::Create()
  [void]$PowerShell.AddScript($scriptblock)
  [void]$powershell.AddArgument("").AddArgument($PC)  #extra argument to avoid single argument corruption bug.  
  $PowerShell.RunspacePool = $RunspacePool

  $ThisRS = New-Object psobject
  $ThisRS | Add-Member Computer $PC
  $ThisRS | Add-Member PSInstance $PowerShell
  $thisRS | Add-Member Space ($PowerShell.BeginInvoke())  #execution starts here.
  $RSArrayList += $thisRS
  write-host "Adding $PC"
}

################################################################################################
#Progress bar to track when jobs are finished.
write-host "waiting for runspaces to finish"
while (($RSArrayList.space.iscompleted -eq $false).count -gt 0) {
  $Done = $RSArrayList.count - ($RSArrayList.space.iscompleted -eq $false).count
  if ($Done -eq 0) {$percentComplete = 0}
  else {$percentComplete = $Done / $RSArrayList.count * 100}
  write-progress -Activity "Waiting for jobs to complete" -Status (($RSArrayList.count - $Done).ToString() + "Left") -PercentComplete $percentComplete
  sleep -Seconds 1
}

################################################################################################
#collecting results and creating report object
write-host "Processing Results"

$Report = New-Object System.Collections.ArrayList
foreach ($RS in $RSArrayList) {
  $Report += $RS.PSInstance.EndInvoke($RS.Space)  #equivilant to "receive-job"
  $RS.PSInstance.Dispose()  # frees up memory.
}

$Report | ft

这是在远程系统上运行的报告收集脚本

################################################################################################
# Looks up the computer name, Windows Version, BIOS version, logged on user, and IP address of the computer.  
# Designed to be called by start-job or runspaces (much faster).  
################################################################################################
$computername = $env:COMPUTERNAME
$WindowsVersion = (Get-WmiObject win32_OperatingSystem).BuildNumber.toString()

$BiosVersion = (Get-WmiObject Win32_BIOS).Name
$IPAddress = "No 10 range IP"
$addr = (Get-NetIPAddress -AddressFamily IPv4).ipaddress | where {$_ -like '10.*'}
if ($addr) {$IPAddress = $addr}
$LoggedOnUser = "None"
$quser = (quser.exe 2> $null | select-string "console").line
if ($quser) {$LoggedOnUser = $quser.Substring(1,$quser.IndexOf(" ",1)-1)}

# For whatever reason, PS will not return multiple lines of output from PSexec when run under start-job or runspaces.  This was the workaround.  
"Computername:$computername,WindowsVersion:$WindowsVersion,BIOSVersion:$BIOSVersion,LoggedOnUser:$LoggedOnUser,IPAddress:$IPAddress"