SpringApplicationConfiguration 无法在 Spring Boot 测试中解析

Question

我使用 Spring Initializr 生成了一个 Spring Boot Web 应用程序，使用嵌入式 Tomcat + Thymeleaf 模板引擎，并将其打包为可执行 JAR 文件。

使用的技术：

Spring Boot 1.4.2.RELEASE、Spring 4.3.4.RELEASE、Thymeleaf 2.1.5.RELEASE、Tomcat Embed 8.5.6、Maven 3、Java 8。

现在我想使用类SpringApplicationConfiguration实现一个测试，所以我导入了

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

但是即使我多次更新项目，我也会收到此错误

The import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration cannot be resolved

我还尝试通过右键单击 Eclipse 中的 pom.xml 和“Maven Add Dependency”来添加依赖项，

做mvn clean dependency:tree依赖在那里，但是做mvn clean compile和mvn dependency:purge-local-repository我得到package org.springframework.test.annotation does not exist

[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-aop:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.1.11:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  |  \- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.1.11:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.24:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  +- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.24:compile
[INFO] |  |  |  \- org.slf4j:log4j-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.24:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.17:runtime
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:4.3.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:4.3.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.aspectj:aspectjweaver:jar:1.8.9:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-jdbc:jar:8.5.11:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-juli:jar:8.5.11:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-jdbc:jar:4.3.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |     \- org.springframework:spring-tx:jar:4.3.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-mail:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:4.3.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:4.3.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-context-support:jar:4.3.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- com.sun.mail:javax.mail:jar:1.5.6:compile
[INFO] |     \- javax.activation:activation:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.security:spring-security-config:jar:4.2.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.springframework.security:spring-security-core:jar:4.2.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework.security:spring-security-web:jar:4.2.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring4:jar:2.1.5.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf:jar:2.1.5.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |     +- ognl:ognl:jar:3.0.8:compile
[INFO] |  |     +- org.javassist:javassist:jar:3.21.0-GA:compile
[INFO] |  |     \- org.unbescape:unbescape:jar:1.1.0.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- nz.net.ultraq.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-layout-dialect:jar:1.4.0:compile
[INFO] |     \- org.codehaus.groovy:groovy:jar:2.4.9:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:8.5.11:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:8.5.11:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:8.5.11:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:jar:5.3.4.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.0.Final:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.3.3:compile
[INFO] |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.8.7:compile
[INFO] |  |  +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.8.0:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.8.7:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:4.3.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:4.3.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-batch:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework.batch:spring-batch-core:jar:3.0.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |     +- com.ibm.jbatch:com.ibm.jbatch-tck-spi:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO] |     |  \- javax.batch:javax.batch-api:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO] |     +- com.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream:jar:1.4.9:compile
[INFO] |     |  +- xmlpull:xmlpull:jar:1.1.3.1:compile
[INFO] |     |  \- xpp3:xpp3_min:jar:1.1.4c:compile
[INFO] |     +- org.codehaus.jettison:jettison:jar:1.2:compile
[INFO] |     \- org.springframework.batch:spring-batch-infrastructure:jar:3.0.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |        \- org.springframework.retry:spring-retry:jar:1.2.0.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:test
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:test
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test-autoconfigure:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:test
[INFO] |  +- com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:jar:2.2.0:test
[INFO] |  |  \- net.minidev:json-smart:jar:2.2.1:test
[INFO] |  |     \- net.minidev:accessors-smart:jar:1.1:test
[INFO] |  |        \- org.ow2.asm:asm:jar:5.0.3:test
[INFO] |  +- junit:junit:jar:4.12:test
[INFO] |  +- org.assertj:assertj-core:jar:2.6.0:test
[INFO] |  +- org.mockito:mockito-core:jar:1.10.19:test
[INFO] |  |  \- org.objenesis:objenesis:jar:2.1:test
[INFO] |  +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] |  +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] |  +- org.skyscreamer:jsonassert:jar:1.4.0:test
[INFO] |  |  \- com.vaadin.external.google:android-json:jar:0.0.20131108.vaadin1:test
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:4.3.7.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework:spring-test:jar:4.3.7.RELEASE:test
[INFO] +- com.icegreen:greenmail:jar:1.5.3:test
[INFO] |  \- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.24:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-devtools:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] |  \- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:1.5.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.hsqldb:hsqldb:jar:2.3.3:runtime
[INFO] \- mysql:mysql-connector-java:jar:5.1.41:runtime

Answer 1

SpringApplicationConfiguration已被弃用，取而代之的是SpringBootTest 。 它在最新的 spring-boot 版本中被删除。

您提到您使用的是Spring Boot 1.4.2但实际上我看到了对1.5.2依赖，这就是您无法导入它的原因。

我建议您在要在测试中加载 spring 上下文时使用SpringBootTest 。

Answer 2

使用 @SpringBootTest 而不是 @SpringApplicationConfiguration