使用授权标头 (Bearer) 设置 Swagger (ASP.NET Core)

Question

我有一个 Web API (ASP.NET Core)，我正在尝试调整 swagger 以从中进行调用。 调用必须包含 Authorization 标头，并且我正在使用 Bearer 身份验证。 来自 Postman 等第三方应用程序的调用正常。 但是我在为 swagger 设置标题时遇到了问题（出于某种原因我没有收到标题）。 这是现在的样子：

  "host": "localhost:50352",
  "basePath": "/" ,
  "schemes": [
    "http",
    "https"
  ],
 "securityDefinitions":  {
    "Bearer": {
      "name": "Authorization",
      "in": "header",
      "type": "apiKey",
      "description": "HTTP/HTTPS Bearer"
    }
  },
  "paths": { 
    "/v1/{subAccountId}/test1": {
      "post": {
        "tags": [
          "auth"
        ],
        "operationId": "op1",
        "consumes": ["application/json", "application/html"],
        "produces": ["application/json", "application/html"],
        "parameters": [
          {
            "name": "subAccountId",
            "in": "path",
            "required": true,
            "type": "string"
          }
        ],
        "security":[{
          "Bearer": []
        }],
        "responses": {
          "204": {
            "description": "No Content"
          },
          "400": {
            "description": "BadRequest",
            "schema": {
              "$ref": "#/definitions/ErrorResponse"
            }
          },
          "401": {
            "description": "Unauthorized",
            "schema": {
              "$ref": "#/definitions/ErrorResponse"
            }
          },
          "500": {
            "description": "InternalServerError",
            "schema": {
              "$ref": "#/definitions/ErrorResponse"
            }
          }
        },
        "deprecated": false
      }
    },

Answer 1

ApiKeyScheme 已弃用，在第 5 版中，您可以像这样使用：

services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
  {
    c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Info { Title = "You api title", Version = "v1" });
    c.AddSecurityDefinition("Bearer", new OpenApiSecurityScheme
      {
        Description = @"JWT Authorization header using the Bearer scheme. \r\n\r\n 
                      Enter 'Bearer' [space] and then your token in the text input below.
                      \r\n\r\nExample: 'Bearer 12345abcdef'",
         Name = "Authorization",
         In = ParameterLocation.Header,
         Type = SecuritySchemeType.ApiKey,
         Scheme = "Bearer"
       });

    c.AddSecurityRequirement(new OpenApiSecurityRequirement()
      {
        {
          new OpenApiSecurityScheme
          {
            Reference = new OpenApiReference
              {
                Type = ReferenceType.SecurityScheme,
                Id = "Bearer"
              },
              Scheme = "oauth2",
              Name = "Bearer",
              In = ParameterLocation.Header,

            },
            new List<string>()
          }
        });
    var xmlFile = $"{Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Name}.xml";
    var xmlPath = Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, xmlFile);
    c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);
});

Answer 2

首先，您可以使用Swashbuckle.AspNetCore nuget 包来自动生成您的 swagger 定义。 （在 2.3.0 上测试）

安装包后，在 Startup.cs 中的 ConfigureServices 方法中进行设置

services.AddSwaggerGen(c => {
    c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Info { Title = "You api title", Version = "v1" });
    c.AddSecurityDefinition("Bearer",
        new ApiKeyScheme { In = "header",
          Description = "Please enter into field the word 'Bearer' following by space and JWT", 
          Name = "Authorization", Type = "apiKey" });
    c.AddSecurityRequirement(new Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>> {
        { "Bearer", Enumerable.Empty<string>() },
    });

});

然后您可以使用页面右上角的授权按钮。

至少你可以尝试使用这个包来生成有效的 swagger 定义

Answer 3

提示！

为了避免总是在 Swagger（又名Swashbuckle ）身份验证对话框中写入关键字Bearer ，例如： "bearer xT1..." ，您可以在Startup.cs ConfigureServices(...)方法上使用此配置：

using Microsoft.OpenApi.Models;
...


services.AddSwaggerGen(setup =>
{
    // Include 'SecurityScheme' to use JWT Authentication
    var jwtSecurityScheme = new OpenApiSecurityScheme
    {
        Scheme = "bearer",
        BearerFormat = "JWT",
        Name = "JWT Authentication",
        In = ParameterLocation.Header,
        Type = SecuritySchemeType.Http,
        Description = "Put **_ONLY_** your JWT Bearer token on textbox below!",

        Reference = new OpenApiReference
        {
            Id = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,
            Type = ReferenceType.SecurityScheme
        }
    };

    setup.AddSecurityDefinition(jwtSecurityScheme.Reference.Id, jwtSecurityScheme);

    setup.AddSecurityRequirement(new OpenApiSecurityRequirement
    {
        { jwtSecurityScheme, Array.Empty<string>() }
    });

});

我们可以做到这一点，只需将OpenApiSecurityScheme类的Type属性更改为：

Type = SecuritySchemeType.**Http**

反而

Type = SecuritySchemeType.**ApiKey** 。

套餐：

Swashbuckle.AspNetCore(5.6.3)
Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerUI(5.6.3)

我正在使用 .NET Core 3.1，希望这会有所帮助！

Answer 4

使用 ASP.Net Core 3.1，这对我有用：

services.AddSwaggerGen(s =>
        {
            s.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo
            {
                Version = "v1",
                Title = "Chat API",
                Description = "Chat API Swagger Surface",
                Contact = new OpenApiContact
                {
                    Name = "João Victor Ignacio",
                    Email = "ignaciojvig@gmail.com",
                    Url = new Uri("https://www.linkedin.com/in/ignaciojv/")
                },
                License = new OpenApiLicense
                {
                    Name = "MIT",
                    Url = new Uri("https://github.com/ignaciojvig/ChatAPI/blob/master/LICENSE")
                }

            });

            s.AddSecurityDefinition("Bearer", new OpenApiSecurityScheme
            {
                Description = "JWT Authorization header using the Bearer scheme (Example: 'Bearer 12345abcdef')",
                Name = "Authorization",
                In = ParameterLocation.Header,
                Type = SecuritySchemeType.ApiKey,
                Scheme = "Bearer"
            });

            s.AddSecurityRequirement(new OpenApiSecurityRequirement
            {
                {
                    new OpenApiSecurityScheme
                    {
                        Reference = new OpenApiReference
                        {
                            Type = ReferenceType.SecurityScheme,
                            Id = "Bearer"
                        }
                    },
                    Array.Empty<string>()
                }
            });

        });

Answer 5

目前 Swagger 具有使用 JWT 令牌进行身份验证的功能，并且可以自动将令牌添加到标头中，我已在此处回答。

Answer 6

无需单独生成令牌并键入 swagger。 Swagger 支持生成部分也是如此。 下面使用 asp.net core 3.1 和 keycloack auth 为我工作。

swagger.AddSecurityDefinition(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme, new OpenApiSecurityScheme
{
    Type = SecuritySchemeType.OAuth2,
    Flows = new OpenApiOAuthFlows
    {
        Implicit = new OpenApiOAuthFlow
        {
            AuthorizationUrl = new Uri("https://youauthsrv.com/auth/realms/your-realm/protocol/openid-connect/auth"),
        }
    },
    In = ParameterLocation.Header,
    Scheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme,
});

swagger.AddSecurityRequirement(new OpenApiSecurityRequirement
{
    {
        new OpenApiSecurityScheme
        {
            Reference = new OpenApiReference
            {
                Type = ReferenceType.SecurityScheme,
                Id = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme
            }
        },
        new string[] {}
    }
});

在配置

app.UseSwaggerUI(c =>
{
    c.OAuthClientId("clientname");
    c.OAuthRealm("your-realm");
});

Answer 7

更新 17.12.2022

如果有人在将 JWT 添加到.Net 7时遇到问题，下一个代码对我有用，也应该在 .Net 6 中工作

builder.Services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
{
    c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo { Title = "Test01", Version = "v1" });

    c.AddSecurityDefinition("Bearer", new OpenApiSecurityScheme()
    {
        Name = "Authorization",
        Type = SecuritySchemeType.ApiKey,
        Scheme = "Bearer",
        BearerFormat = "JWT",
        In = ParameterLocation.Header,
        Description = "JWT Authorization header using the Bearer scheme."

    });
    c.AddSecurityRequirement(new OpenApiSecurityRequirement
                {
                    {
                          new OpenApiSecurityScheme
                          {
                              Reference = new OpenApiReference
                              {
                                  Type = ReferenceType.SecurityScheme,
                                  Id = "Bearer"
                              }
                          },
                         new string[] {}
                    }
                });
});