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Spring Boot 测试@Transactional 不保存

[英]Spring boot test @Transactional not saving

我正在尝试使用 Spring Boot Test 进行简单的集成测试,以测试 e2e 用例。 我的测试不起作用,因为我无法使存储库保存数据,我认为我的 spring 上下文有问题......

这是我的实体:

@Entity
@Getter
@Setter
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Person {
    @Id
    private int id;
    private String name;
}

这是个人资料库:

@Repository
public interface PersonRepository extends JpaRepository<Person, Integer> {
}

人员服务:

@Service
public class PersonService {

    @Autowired
    private PersonRepository repository;

    public Person createPerson(int id,String name) {
       return repository.save(new Person(id, name));
    }

    public List<Person> getPersons() {
      return repository.findAll();
    }
}

个人控制器:

@RequestMapping
@RestController
public class PersonController {

  @Autowired
  private PersonService personService;

  @RequestMapping("/persons")
  public List<Person> getPersons() {
      return personService.getPersons();
  }

}

主要应用类:

@SpringBootApplication
public class BootIntegrationTestApplication {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(BootIntegrationTestApplication.class, args);
  }
}

application.properties 文件:

spring.datasource.url= jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=password
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create
spring.jpa.show-sql=true

和测试:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class BootIntegrationTestApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private PersonService personService;
    @Autowired
    private TestRestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Test
    @Transactional
    public void contextLoads() {
        Person person = personService.createPerson(1, "person1");
        Assert.assertNotNull(person);

        ResponseEntity<Person[]> persons = restTemplate.getForEntity("/persons", Person[].class);
    }
}

测试不起作用,因为服务没有保存 Person 实体....提前致谢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
public class SmokeTest {

    @Autowired
    UserController userController;

    @Autowired
    UserDao userDAO;

    @Rollback(false) // This is key to avoid rollback.
    @Test   
    public void contextLoads() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Hiren");

        System.out.println("started");
        userDAO.save(new User("tyx", "x@x.com"));
    }
}

参考@Rollback(false)是避免回滚的关键。

感谢 M. Deinum,我想我明白了,所以最好的办法是将测试逻辑分成两个测试,第一个将只测试服务(因此这个可以是事务性的),第二个是控制器:

测试 1:

@Test
@Transactional
public void testServiceSaveAndRead() {
    personService.createPerson(1, "person1");
    Assert.assertTrue(personService.getPersons().size() == 1);
}

测试 2:

@MockBean
private PersonService personService;

@Before
public void setUp() {
    //mock the service
    given(personService.getPersons())
            .willReturn(Collections.singletonList(new Person(1, "p1")));
}

@Test
public void testController() {
    ResponseEntity<Person[]> persons = restTemplate.getForEntity("/persons", Person[].class);
    Assert.assertTrue(persons.getBody()!=null && persons.getBody().length == 1);
}

用于保存实体的 Spring 需要事务。 但是在事务被提交之前,更改从另一个事务中是不可见的。

最简单的方法是在提交事务后调用控制器

@Test
@Transactional
public void contextLoads() {
    Person person = personService.createPerson(1, "person1");
    Assert.assertNotNull(person);

    TransactionSynchronizationManager.registerSynchronization(new TransactionSynchronizationAdapter() {
        @Override
        public void afterCommit() {
            ResponseEntity<Person[]> persons = restTemplate.getForEntity("/persons", Person[].class);
        }
    });        
}

对于每个进行数据库事务的@Test函数,如果你想永久保留更改,那么你可以使用@Rollback(false)

@Rollback(false)
@Test
public void createPerson() throws Exception {
    int databaseSizeBeforeCreate = personRepository.findAll().size();

    // Create the Person
    restPersonMockMvc.perform(post("/api/people")
        .contentType(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
        .content(TestUtil.convertObjectToJsonBytes(person)))
        .andExpect(status().isCreated());

    // Validate the Person in the database
    List<Person> personList = personRepository.findAll();
    assertThat(personList).hasSize(databaseSizeBeforeCreate + 1);
    Person testPerson = personList.get(personList.size() - 1);
    assertThat(testPerson.getFirstName()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_FIRST_NAME);
    assertThat(testPerson.getLastName()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_LAST_NAME);
    assertThat(testPerson.getAge()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_AGE);
    assertThat(testPerson.getCity()).isEqualTo(DEFAULT_CITY);
}

我使用 jHipster 生成的 SpringBoot 项目对其进行了测试:

  • 弹簧引导:1.5.4
  • jUnit 4.12
  • 春季 4.3.9

不要使用@Rollback(false) 单元测试不应生成数据。

JPA FlushMode 是AUTO (默认 - 查询发生时刷新 INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE SQL)/ COMMIT

只需查询工作实体强制刷新,或使用 EntityManager 强制刷新

@Test
public void testCreate(){
    InvoiceRange range = service.createInvoiceRange(1, InvoiceRangeCreate.builder()
            .form("01GTKT0/010")
            .serial("NV/18E")
            .effectiveDate(LocalDate.now())
            .rangeFrom(1L)
            .rangeTo(1000L)
            .build(), new byte[] {1,2,3,4,5});

    service.findByCriteria(1, "01GTKT0/010", "NV/18E");  // force flush
    // em.flush(); // another way is using entityManager for force flush
}

请注意测试执行的顺序,带有@Commit 或@Rollback(false) 注释的测试必须首先执行: https ://www.baeldung.com/junit-5-test-order

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