将一个列值拆分为多个列值
[英]Split one column value into multiple column values
问题描述
我有订阅表，订阅号实际上是一个存储在一列中的值。 我们有以下样本值
SC 5-1395-174-25P
SC 1-2134-123-ABC C1-2
SC 12-5245-1247-14&P
SC ABCD-2525-120
所以我们需要将其拆分为单独的列。 所以上面四个应该按照以下方式分割
**Col1** **Col2** **Col3** **Col4** **Col5** **Col6** **Col7**
**SC** **5** **1395** **174** **25P**
**SC** **1** **2134** **123** **ABC** **C1** **2**
**SC** **12** **5245** **1247** **14&P**
**SC** **ABCD** **2525** **120**
4 个解决方案
解决方案1
5 2017-05-04 18:04:17
这是一种在线方法
例
Declare @YourTable table (SomeCol varchar(max))
Insert Into @YourTable values
('SC 5-1395-174-25P'),
('SC 1-2134-123-ABC C1-2'),
('SC 12-5245-1247-14&P'),
('SC ABCD-2525-120')
Select B.*
From @YourTable A
Cross Apply (
Select Pos1 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[1]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos2 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[2]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos3 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[3]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos4 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[4]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos5 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[5]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos6 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[6]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos7 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[7]','varchar(max)')))
From (Select Cast('<x>' + replace((Select replace(replace(A.SomeCol,' ','-'),'-','§§Split§§') as [*] For XML Path('')),'§§Split§§','</x><x>')+'</x>' as xml) as xDim) as A
) B
返回
编辑
1）创建你的表
CREATE TABLE MyNewPubTable (PUB_FORM_NUM NVARCHAR(50) , COL1 NVARCHAR(10) , COL2 NVARCHAR(10) , COL3 NVARCHAR(10) , COL4 NVARCHAR(10) , COL5 NVARCHAR(10) , COL6 NVARCHAR(10) , COL7 NVARCHAR(10))
2）执行查询
Declare @YourTable table (PUB_FORM_NUM varchar(max))
Insert Into @YourTable values
('SC 5-1395-174-25P'),
('SC 1-2134-123-ABC C1-2'),
('SC 12-5245-1247-14&P'),
('SC ABCD-2525-120')
Insert Into MyNewPubTable
Select A.PUB_FORM_NUM
,B.*
From @YourTable A
Cross Apply (
Select Pos1 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[1]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos2 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[2]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos3 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[3]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos4 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[4]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos5 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[5]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos6 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[6]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos7 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[7]','varchar(max)')))
From (Select Cast('<x>' + replace((Select replace(replace(A.PUB_FORM_NUM,' ','-'),'-','§§Split§§') as [*] For XML Path('')),'§§Split§§','</x><x>')+'</x>' as xml) as xDim) as A
) B
3）检查结果
Select * From MyNewPubTable
编辑2
或者您可以动态创建表格
Declare @YourTable table (PUB_FORM_NUM varchar(max))
Insert Into @YourTable values
('SC 5-1395-174-25P'),
('SC 1-2134-123-ABC C1-2'),
('SC 12-5245-1247-14&P'),
('SC ABCD-2525-120')
Select A.PUB_FORM_NUM
,B.*
Into MyNewPubTable
From @YourTable A
Cross Apply (
Select Pos1 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[1]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos2 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[2]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos3 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[3]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos4 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[4]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos5 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[5]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos6 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[6]','varchar(max)')))
,Pos7 = ltrim(rtrim(xDim.value('/x[7]','varchar(max)')))
From (Select Cast('<x>' + replace((Select replace(replace(A.PUB_FORM_NUM,' ','-'),'-','§§Split§§') as [*] For XML Path('')),'§§Split§§','</x><x>')+'</x>' as xml) as xDim) as A
) B
Select * From MyNewPubTable
解决方案2
2 2017-05-04 19:59:00
在SQL Server 2016+中，您可以使用string_split() 。
在2016年之前的SQL Server中，使用Jeff Moden的CSV Splitter表值函数：
select
id, Col1 = [1], Col2 = [2], Col3 = [3], Col4 = [4], Col5 = [5], Col6 = [6], Col7 = [7]
from t
cross apply dbo.DelimitedSplit8k(replace(col,'-',' '),' ') s
pivot (max(Item) for ItemNumber in ([1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7])) p
order by id
rextester演示： http ：//rextester.com/PZYAF36892
收益：
+----+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
| id | Col1 | Col2 | Col3 | Col4 | Col5 | Col6 | Col7 |
+----+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
| 1 | SC | 5 | 1395 | 174 | 25P | NULL | NULL |
| 2 | SC | 1 | 2134 | 123 | ABC | C1 | 2 |
| 3 | SC | 12 | 5245 | 1247 | 14&P | NULL | NULL |
| 4 | SC | ABCD | 2525 | 120 | NULL | NULL | NULL |
+----+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
拆分字符串参考：
解决方案3
1 2017-05-04 22:19:59
更新：包括最终查询
由于数据存在于表中，因此您可以使用索引视图来拆分值。 什么？！？！ 是的，我要告诉你的是比DelimitedSplit8K，string_split或任何CLR更快。 以下是我们如何实现这一目标。
1.创建/填充您的表和一个真正的Tally表（又名“数字表”）
（ 请注意，“cte tally / numbers table”不适用于此 ）。
USE tempdb
GO
-- 1. Create/Populate your table and a real Tally Table
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.yourView') IS NOT NULL DROP VIEW dbo.yourView;
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.tally') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE dbo.tally;
CREATE TABLE dbo.tally
(
N int NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT pk_tally PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED(N) ,
CONSTRAINT uq_tally UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED(N)
);
GO
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.yourTable') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE dbo.yourTable;
CREATE TABLE dbo.yourTable
(
SomeId int identity NOT NULL,
SomeCol varchar(8000),
CONSTRAINT pk_yourTable PRIMARY KEY (SomeId)
);
GO
INSERT dbo.tally
SELECT TOP (10000) ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 1))-1
FROM sys.all_columns a, sys.all_columns b;
INSERT dbo.YourTable VALUES
('SC 5-1395-174-25P'),
('SC 1-2134-123-ABC C1-2'),
('SC 12-5245-1247-14&P'),
('SC ABCD-2525-120');
GO
2.使用dbo.tally创建一个分割出您的值的索引视图
CREATE VIEW dbo.yourView
WITH SCHEMABINDING AS
SELECT
SomeId,
SomeCol,
position = N+1,
Item =
SUBSTRING
(
REPLACE(REPLACE(somecol, '-', '|'), ' ', '|'),
N+1,
ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX('|',REPLACE(REPLACE(somecol,'-','|'),' ','|'),N+1),0)-(N+1),8000)
)
FROM dbo.YourTable
CROSS JOIN dbo.tally
WHERE N <= LEN(SomeCol) -- Use this predicate first to ensure we get a nonclustered index seek
AND (N=0 OR SUBSTRING(REPLACE(REPLACE(somecol,'-','|'),' ','|'),N,1) = '|');
GO
CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED INDEX uq_cl_yourView ON dbo.yourView(SomeId, position);
GO
让我们回顾一下到目前为止：
SELECT * FROM dbo.yourView;
;
SomeId SomeCol position item
----------- -------------------- ----------- -----
1 SC 5-1395-174-25P 1 SC
1 SC 5-1395-174-25P 4 5
1 SC 5-1395-174-25P 6 1395
1 SC 5-1395-174-25P 11 174
1 SC 5-1395-174-25P 15 25P
2 SC 1-2134-123-ABC C1 1 SC
2 SC 1-2134-123-ABC C1 4 1
2 SC 1-2134-123-ABC C1 6 2134
2 SC 1-2134-123-ABC C1 11 123
2 SC 1-2134-123-ABC C1 15 ABC
2 SC 1-2134-123-ABC C1 19 C1
2 SC 1-2134-123-ABC C1 22 2
3 SC 12-5245-1247-14&P 1 SC
3 SC 12-5245-1247-14&P 4 12
3 SC 12-5245-1247-14&P 7 5245
3 SC 12-5245-1247-14&P 12 1247
3 SC 12-5245-1247-14&P 17 14&P
4 SC ABCD-2525-120 1 SC
4 SC ABCD-2525-120 4 ABCD
4 SC ABCD-2525-120 9 2525
4 SC ABCD-2525-120 14 120
3.使用Jeff Moden的“交叉表”方法进行“枢轴”
WITH getItemNumber AS
(
SELECT
SomeId,
ItemNumber = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY SomeId ORDER BY position),
Item
FROM dbo.yourView WITH (NOEXPAND)
)
SELECT
SomeId ,
pos1 = MAX(CASE ItemNumber WHEN 1 THEN item END),
pos2 = MAX(CASE ItemNumber WHEN 2 THEN item END),
pos3 = MAX(CASE ItemNumber WHEN 3 THEN item END),
pos4 = MAX(CASE ItemNumber WHEN 4 THEN item END),
pos5 = MAX(CASE ItemNumber WHEN 5 THEN item END),
pos6 = MAX(CASE ItemNumber WHEN 6 THEN item END),
pos7 = MAX(CASE ItemNumber WHEN 7 THEN item END)
FROM getItemNumber
GROUP BY SomeId;
**结果**
SomeId pos1 pos2 pos3 pos4 pos5 pos6 pos7
------- ------- ------ ------- ----- ------ ------ -----
1 SC 5 1395 174 25P NULL NULL
2 SC 1 2134 123 ABC C1 2
3 SC 12 5245 1247 14&P NULL NULL
4 SC ABCD 2525 120 NULL NULL NULL
4.在审查执行计划时微笑
解决方案4
0 2017-05-04 18:06:54
试试吧
Declare @YourTable table (ID int,SomeCol varchar(500))
Insert Into @YourTable values
(1,'5-1395-174-25P'),
(2,'1-2134-123-ABC C1-2'),
(3,'SC 12-5245-1247-14&P'),
(4,'SC ABCD-2525-120*')
Select A.ID
,B.RetVal
From @YourTable A
Cross Apply (
Select RetSeq = Row_Number() over (Order By (Select null))
,RetVal = LTrim(RTrim(B.i.value('(./text())[1]', 'varchar(max)')))
From (Select x = Cast('<x>' + replace((Select replace(replace(A.SomeCol,' ','§§Split§§'),'-','§§Split§§') as [*] For XML Path('')),'§§Split§§','</x><x>')+'</x>' as xml).query('.')) as A
Cross Apply x.nodes('x') AS B(i)
) B
Where RetSeq=1
根据需要改变
如何从两个不同的列中拆分多值并显示一列中的拆分值与另一列的拆分值？
[英]How to split multi-values from two different columns and display split value from one column against split value of another column?
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