Android 单元测试运行所有类测试失败，但每个方法都运行成功

Question

请帮助我，当我一起运行所有类测试方法时，测试在一个方法中失败，尽管当我单独运行此方法时它成功了

public class RealEstatesListPresenterTest {
RealEstatesListPresenter mRealEstatesListPresenter;
@Mock
private RealEstateListBusiness mRealEstateListBusiness;
@Mock
private RealEstatesListContract.View mRealEstatesView;

@BeforeClass
public static void setUpClass() {
    RxAndroidPlugins.setInitMainThreadSchedulerHandler(__ -> Schedulers.trampoline());
}

@Before
public void setupTasksPresenter() {
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    mRealEstatesListPresenter = new RealEstatesListPresenter(mRealEstatesView);
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.setmRealEstateListBusiness(mRealEstateListBusiness);
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstates_ProgressISDisplayed() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onNext(new ArrayList<>());
        sub.onComplete();
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).showLoading();
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstatesSuccess_ProgressISHidden() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onNext(new ArrayList<>());
        sub.onComplete();
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).hideLoading();
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstatesError_ProgressISHidden() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onError(new Throwable());
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).hideLoading();
}

@AfterClass
public static void tearDownClass() {
    RxAndroidPlugins.reset();
}}

当我一起运行所有测试时，前两种方法通过但最后一种失败（testWhenGetAllRealEstatesError_ProgressISHidden）但是当我单独运行它时它通过。

这是演示者代码

public class RealEstatesListPresenter implements RealEstatesListContract.Presenter {

private RealEstatesListContract.View mView;
private RealEstateListBusiness mRealEstateListBusiness;
private CompositeDisposable mSubscriptions;

@Inject
public RealEstatesListPresenter(RealEstatesListContract.View view) {
    this.mView = view;
    mSubscriptions = new CompositeDisposable();
}

@Inject
public void setmRealEstateListBusiness(RealEstateListBusiness mRealEstateListBusiness) {
    this.mRealEstateListBusiness = mRealEstateListBusiness;
}

@Inject
public void setupListeners() {
    mView.setPresenter(this);
}

@Override
public void unSubscribe() {
    mSubscriptions.clear();
}

@Override
public void getAllRealEstates() {
    mView.showLoading();
    mSubscriptions.add(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates().observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.
            mainThread()).subscribeOn(Schedulers.io()).subscribe((realEstatesItems) -> {
        mView.hideLoading();
        mView.showAllRealEstates(realEstatesItems);
    }, throwable -> {
        mView.hideLoading();
        mView.showErrorMessage(throwable.getMessage());
    }));
}

}

Answer 1

我发现问题出在 RX Scheulers 发生此错误的原因是 AndroidSchedulers.mainThread() 返回的默认调度程序是 LooperScheduler 的一个实例，并且依赖于 JUnit 测试中不可用的 Android 依赖项。

我们可以通过在运行测试之前使用不同的调度程序初始化 RxAndroidPlugins 来避免这个问题。 您可以在 @BeforeClass 内部执行此操作，因此最终类将是这样的

public class RealEstatesListPresenterTest {
private RealEstatesListPresenter mRealEstatesListPresenter;
@Mock
private RealEstateListBusiness mRealEstateListBusiness;
@Mock
private RealEstatesListContract.View mRealEstatesView;

@BeforeClass
public static void setUpClass() {
    Scheduler immediate = new Scheduler() {
        @Override
        public Worker createWorker() {
            return new ExecutorScheduler.ExecutorWorker(Runnable::run);
        }
    };

    RxJavaPlugins.setInitIoSchedulerHandler(scheduler -> immediate);
    RxJavaPlugins.setInitComputationSchedulerHandler(scheduler -> immediate);
    RxJavaPlugins.setInitNewThreadSchedulerHandler(scheduler -> immediate);
    RxJavaPlugins.setInitSingleSchedulerHandler(scheduler -> immediate);
    RxAndroidPlugins.setInitMainThreadSchedulerHandler(scheduler -> immediate);    }

@Before
public void setupTasksPresenter() {
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    mRealEstatesListPresenter = new RealEstatesListPresenter(mRealEstatesView);
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.setmRealEstateListBusiness(mRealEstateListBusiness);
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstates_ProgressISDisplayed() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onNext(new ArrayList<>());
        sub.onComplete();
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).showLoading();
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstatesSuccess_ProgressISHidden() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onNext(new ArrayList<>());
        sub.onComplete();
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).hideLoading();
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstatesError_ProgressISHidden() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onError(new Throwable());
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).hideLoading();
}

@Test
public void testWhenGetAllRealEstatesError_ErrorMessageDisplayed() {
    when(mRealEstateListBusiness.getAllRealEstates()).thenReturn(Observable.create(sub -> {
        sub.onError(new Throwable(""));
    }));
    mRealEstatesListPresenter.getAllRealEstates();
    verify(mRealEstatesView, times(1)).showErrorMessage("");
}

@After
public void teardown() {
    Mockito.reset(mRealEstateListBusiness);
    Mockito.reset(mRealEstatesView);
    Mockito.validateMockitoUsage();
}

@AfterClass
public static void tearDownClass() {
    RxJavaPlugins.reset();
    RxAndroidPlugins.reset();    }}

Answer 2

我不确定代码本身但是如果每个测试运行成功，如果你只运行它，如果它与其他测试一起运行就会失败

然后，如果其他测试用例共享一些数据，在同一上下文中运行或访问相同的数据库、缓存、文件或任何存储库，则测试用例可能会损坏其他测试用例，每个测试用例应该成功运行，不依赖其他测试用例

当您使用 Mockito 时，似乎是上下文的问题，您应该在每个测试用例上重置模拟对象（即在 @Before 中） Mockito 提供了一个重置​​方法 Mockito.reset(mRealEstatesView);

问题是 mockito 在所有测试用例中计算该对象上的所有命中，所以你应该在每个测试用例之前重置它

Answer 3

您可以使用 Android Test Orchestrator。 正如你可以在这里阅读

使用 AndroidJUnitRunner 1.0 或更高版本时，您可以访问一个名为 Android Test Orchestrator 的工具，该工具允许您在自己的 Instrumentation 调用中运行应用程序的每个测试。

要将其添加到您的项目中：

• 向 build.gradle (:app) 文件添加依赖项：

androidTestUtil "androidx.test:orchestrator:1.2.0"

• 将以下代码添加到您的测试选项中：

testOptions { execution 'ANDROIDX_TEST_ORCHESTRATOR' }