如何在 Swift [45] 可解码协议中解码 JSON 字典类型的属性

Question

假设我有Customer数据类型，它包含一个metadata属性，该属性可以包含客户对象中的任何 JSON 字典

struct Customer {
  let id: String
  let email: String
  let metadata: [String: Any]
}

---

{  
  "object": "customer",
  "id": "4yq6txdpfadhbaqnwp3",
  "email": "john.doe@example.com",
  "metadata": {
    "link_id": "linked-id",
    "buy_count": 4
  }
}

metadata属性可以是任意 JSON 地图对象。

在我可以从NSJSONDeserialization的反序列化 JSON 中转换属性但使用新的 Swift 4 Decodable协议之前，我仍然想不出办法来做到这一点。

有谁知道如何在 Swift 4 中使用 Decodable 协议来实现这一点？

Answer 1

我从这个要点中找到了一些灵​​感，我为UnkeyedDecodingContainer和KeyedDecodingContainer编写了一些扩展。 你可以在这里找到我的要点的链接。 通过使用此代码，您现在可以使用熟悉的语法解码任何Array<Any>或Dictionary<String, Any> ：

let dictionary: [String: Any] = try container.decode([String: Any].self, forKey: key)

或者

let array: [Any] = try container.decode([Any].self, forKey: key)

编辑：我发现有一个警告是解码一个字典数组[[String: Any]]所需的语法如下。 您可能希望抛出错误而不是强制转换：

let items: [[String: Any]] = try container.decode(Array<Any>.self, forKey: .items) as! [[String: Any]]

编辑 2：如果您只是想将整个文件转换为字典，最好坚持使用 JSONSerialization 中的 api，因为我还没有想出一种方法来扩展 JSONDecoder 本身以直接解码字典。

guard let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [String: Any] else {
  // appropriate error handling
  return
}

扩展名

// Inspired by https://gist.github.com/mbuchetics/c9bc6c22033014aa0c550d3b4324411a

struct JSONCodingKeys: CodingKey {
    var stringValue: String

    init?(stringValue: String) {
        self.stringValue = stringValue
    }

    var intValue: Int?

    init?(intValue: Int) {
        self.init(stringValue: "\(intValue)")
        self.intValue = intValue
    }
}


extension KeyedDecodingContainer {

    func decode(_ type: Dictionary<String, Any>.Type, forKey key: K) throws -> Dictionary<String, Any> {
        let container = try self.nestedContainer(keyedBy: JSONCodingKeys.self, forKey: key)
        return try container.decode(type)
    }

    func decodeIfPresent(_ type: Dictionary<String, Any>.Type, forKey key: K) throws -> Dictionary<String, Any>? {
        guard contains(key) else { 
            return nil
        }
        guard try decodeNil(forKey: key) == false else { 
            return nil 
        }
        return try decode(type, forKey: key)
    }

    func decode(_ type: Array<Any>.Type, forKey key: K) throws -> Array<Any> {
        var container = try self.nestedUnkeyedContainer(forKey: key)
        return try container.decode(type)
    }

    func decodeIfPresent(_ type: Array<Any>.Type, forKey key: K) throws -> Array<Any>? {
        guard contains(key) else {
            return nil
        }
        guard try decodeNil(forKey: key) == false else { 
            return nil 
        }
        return try decode(type, forKey: key)
    }

    func decode(_ type: Dictionary<String, Any>.Type) throws -> Dictionary<String, Any> {
        var dictionary = Dictionary<String, Any>()

        for key in allKeys {
            if let boolValue = try? decode(Bool.self, forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = boolValue
            } else if let stringValue = try? decode(String.self, forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = stringValue
            } else if let intValue = try? decode(Int.self, forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = intValue
            } else if let doubleValue = try? decode(Double.self, forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = doubleValue
            } else if let nestedDictionary = try? decode(Dictionary<String, Any>.self, forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = nestedDictionary
            } else if let nestedArray = try? decode(Array<Any>.self, forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = nestedArray
            }
        }
        return dictionary
    }
}

extension UnkeyedDecodingContainer {

    mutating func decode(_ type: Array<Any>.Type) throws -> Array<Any> {
        var array: [Any] = []
        while isAtEnd == false {
            // See if the current value in the JSON array is `null` first and prevent infite recursion with nested arrays.
            if try decodeNil() {
                continue
            } else if let value = try? decode(Bool.self) {
                array.append(value)
            } else if let value = try? decode(Double.self) {
                array.append(value)
            } else if let value = try? decode(String.self) {
                array.append(value)
            } else if let nestedDictionary = try? decode(Dictionary<String, Any>.self) {
                array.append(nestedDictionary)
            } else if let nestedArray = try? decode(Array<Any>.self) {
                array.append(nestedArray)
            }
        }
        return array
    }

    mutating func decode(_ type: Dictionary<String, Any>.Type) throws -> Dictionary<String, Any> {

        let nestedContainer = try self.nestedContainer(keyedBy: JSONCodingKeys.self)
        return try nestedContainer.decode(type)
    }
}

Answer 2

我也玩过这个问题，最后写了一个简单的库来处理“通用 JSON”类型。 （其中“通用”的意思是“没有事先知道的结构”。）要点是用具体类型表示通用 JSON：

public enum JSON {
    case string(String)
    case number(Float)
    case object([String:JSON])
    case array([JSON])
    case bool(Bool)
    case null
}

这种类型然后可以实现Codable和Equatable 。

Answer 3

您可以创建确认可Decodable协议的元数据结构，并使用JSONDecoder类通过使用如下解码方法从数据创建对象

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "object": "customer",
    "id": "4yq6txdpfadhbaqnwp3",
    "email": "john.doe@example.com",
    "metadata": [
        "link_id": "linked-id",
        "buy_count": 4
    ]
]

struct Customer: Decodable {
    let object: String
    let id: String
    let email: String
    let metadata: Metadata
}

struct Metadata: Decodable {
    let link_id: String
    let buy_count: Int
}

let data = try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: json, options: .prettyPrinted)

let decoder = JSONDecoder()
do {
    let customer = try decoder.decode(Customer.self, from: data)
    print(customer)
} catch {
    print(error.localizedDescription)
}

Answer 4

我带来了一个稍微不同的解决方案。

假设我们要解析的不仅仅是一个简单的[String: Any] ，Any 可能是一个数组、嵌套字典或数组字典。

像这样的东西：

var json = """
{
  "id": 12345,
  "name": "Giuseppe",
  "last_name": "Lanza",
  "age": 31,
  "happy": true,
  "rate": 1.5,
  "classes": ["maths", "phisics"],
  "dogs": [
    {
      "name": "Gala",
      "age": 1
    }, {
      "name": "Aria",
      "age": 3
    }
  ]
}
"""

嗯，这是我的解决方案：

public struct AnyDecodable: Decodable {
  public var value: Any

  private struct CodingKeys: CodingKey {
    var stringValue: String
    var intValue: Int?
    init?(intValue: Int) {
      self.stringValue = "\(intValue)"
      self.intValue = intValue
    }
    init?(stringValue: String) { self.stringValue = stringValue }
  }

  public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
    if let container = try? decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self) {
      var result = [String: Any]()
      try container.allKeys.forEach { (key) throws in
        result[key.stringValue] = try container.decode(AnyDecodable.self, forKey: key).value
      }
      value = result
    } else if var container = try? decoder.unkeyedContainer() {
      var result = [Any]()
      while !container.isAtEnd {
        result.append(try container.decode(AnyDecodable.self).value)
      }
      value = result
    } else if let container = try? decoder.singleValueContainer() {
      if let intVal = try? container.decode(Int.self) {
        value = intVal
      } else if let doubleVal = try? container.decode(Double.self) {
        value = doubleVal
      } else if let boolVal = try? container.decode(Bool.self) {
        value = boolVal
      } else if let stringVal = try? container.decode(String.self) {
        value = stringVal
      } else {
        throw DecodingError.dataCorruptedError(in: container, debugDescription: "the container contains nothing serialisable")
      }
    } else {
      throw DecodingError.dataCorrupted(DecodingError.Context(codingPath: decoder.codingPath, debugDescription: "Could not serialise"))
    }
  }
}

尝试使用

let stud = try! JSONDecoder().decode(AnyDecodable.self, from: jsonData).value as! [String: Any]
print(stud)

Answer 5

当我找到旧答案时，我只测试了一个简单的 JSON 对象案例，而不是一个空的案例，它会导致像 @slurmomatic 和 @zoul found 这样的运行时异常。 抱歉这个问题。

所以我尝试了另一种方法，通过一个简单的 JSONValue 协议，实现AnyJSONValue类型擦除结构并使用该类型而不是Any 。 这是一个实现。

public protocol JSONType: Decodable {
    var jsonValue: Any { get }
}

extension Int: JSONType {
    public var jsonValue: Any { return self }
}
extension String: JSONType {
    public var jsonValue: Any { return self }
}
extension Double: JSONType {
    public var jsonValue: Any { return self }
}
extension Bool: JSONType {
    public var jsonValue: Any { return self }
}

public struct AnyJSONType: JSONType {
    public let jsonValue: Any

    public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()

        if let intValue = try? container.decode(Int.self) {
            jsonValue = intValue
        } else if let stringValue = try? container.decode(String.self) {
            jsonValue = stringValue
        } else if let boolValue = try? container.decode(Bool.self) {
            jsonValue = boolValue
        } else if let doubleValue = try? container.decode(Double.self) {
            jsonValue = doubleValue
        } else if let doubleValue = try? container.decode(Array<AnyJSONType>.self) {
            jsonValue = doubleValue
        } else if let doubleValue = try? container.decode(Dictionary<String, AnyJSONType>.self) {
            jsonValue = doubleValue
        } else {
            throw DecodingError.typeMismatch(JSONType.self, DecodingError.Context(codingPath: decoder.codingPath, debugDescription: "Unsupported JSON tyep"))
        }
    }
}

这是解码时如何使用它

metadata = try container.decode ([String: AnyJSONValue].self, forKey: .metadata)

这个问题的问题是我们必须将value.jsonValue as? Int value.jsonValue as? Int 。 我们需要等到 Swift 中的Conditional Conformance落地，这将解决这个问题，或者至少帮助它变得更好。

---

[旧答案]

我在 Apple Developer 论坛上发布了这个问题，结果证明这很容易。

我可以

metadata = try container.decode ([String: Any].self, forKey: .metadata)

在初始化程序中。

一开始就错过它是我的坏事。

Answer 6

如果您使用SwiftyJSON来解析 JSON，您可以更新到具有Codable协议支持的4.1.0 。 只需声明metadata: JSON 。

import SwiftyJSON

struct Customer {
  let id: String
  let email: String
  let metadata: JSON
}

Answer 7

你可能看看BeyovaJSON

import BeyovaJSON

struct Customer: Codable {
  let id: String
  let email: String
  let metadata: JToken
}

//create a customer instance

customer.metadata = ["link_id": "linked-id","buy_count": 4]

let encoder = JSONEncoder()
encoder.outputFormatting = .prettyPrinted 
print(String(bytes: try! encoder.encode(customer), encoding: .utf8)!)

Answer 8

我制作了一个 pod 以方便解码 + 编码[String: Any] , [Any] 。 这提供了编码或解码的可选属性，这里是https://github.com/levantAJ/AnyCodable

pod 'DynamicCodable', '1.0'

如何使用它：

import DynamicCodable

struct YourObject: Codable {
    var dict: [String: Any]
    var array: [Any]
    var optionalDict: [String: Any]?
    var optionalArray: [Any]?

    enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
        case dict
        case array
        case optionalDict
        case optionalArray
    }

    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        let values = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
        dict = try values.decode([String: Any].self, forKey: .dict)
        array = try values.decode([Any].self, forKey: .array)
        optionalDict = try values.decodeIfPresent([String: Any].self, forKey: .optionalDict)
        optionalArray = try values.decodeIfPresent([Any].self, forKey: .optionalArray)
    }

    func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
        var container = encoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
        try container.encode(dict, forKey: .dict)
        try container.encode(array, forKey: .array)
        try container.encodeIfPresent(optionalDict, forKey: .optionalDict)
        try container.encodeIfPresent(optionalArray, forKey: .optionalArray)
    }
}

Answer 9

这是更通用的（不仅[String: Any] ，而且[Any]可以解码）和封装方法（使用单独的实体），灵感来自@loudmouth 答案。

使用它看起来像：

extension Customer: Decodable {
  public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
    let selfContainer = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
    id = try selfContainer.decode(.id)
    email = try selfContainer.decode(.email)
    let metadataContainer: JsonContainer = try selfContainer.decode(.metadata)
    guard let metadata = metadataContainer.value as? [String: Any] else {
      let context = DecodingError.Context(codingPath: [CodingKeys.metadata], debugDescription: "Expected '[String: Any]' for 'metadata' key")
      throw DecodingError.typeMismatch([String: Any].self, context)
    }
    self.metadata = metadata
  }

  private enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
    case id, email, metadata
  }
}

JsonContainer是一个辅助实体，我们用来将解码 JSON 数据包装到 JSON 对象（数组或字典）而不扩展*DecodingContainer （因此它不会干扰[String: Any]不表示 JSON 对象的罕见情况）。

struct JsonContainer {

  let value: Any
}

extension JsonContainer: Decodable {

  public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
    if let keyedContainer = try? decoder.container(keyedBy: Key.self) {
      var dictionary = [String: Any]()
      for key in keyedContainer.allKeys {
        if let value = try? keyedContainer.decode(Bool.self, forKey: key) {
          // Wrapping numeric and boolean types in `NSNumber` is important, so `as? Int64` or `as? Float` casts will work
          dictionary[key.stringValue] = NSNumber(value: value)
        } else if let value = try? keyedContainer.decode(Int64.self, forKey: key) {
          dictionary[key.stringValue] = NSNumber(value: value)
        } else if let value = try? keyedContainer.decode(Double.self, forKey: key) {
          dictionary[key.stringValue] = NSNumber(value: value)
        } else if let value = try? keyedContainer.decode(String.self, forKey: key) {
          dictionary[key.stringValue] = value
        } else if (try? keyedContainer.decodeNil(forKey: key)) ?? false {
          // NOP
        } else if let value = try? keyedContainer.decode(JsonContainer.self, forKey: key) {
          dictionary[key.stringValue] = value.value
        } else {
          throw DecodingError.dataCorruptedError(forKey: key, in: keyedContainer, debugDescription: "Unexpected value for \(key.stringValue) key")
        }
      }
      value = dictionary
    } else if var unkeyedContainer = try? decoder.unkeyedContainer() {
      var array = [Any]()
      while !unkeyedContainer.isAtEnd {
        let container = try unkeyedContainer.decode(JsonContainer.self)
        array.append(container.value)
      }
      value = array
    } else if let singleValueContainer = try? decoder.singleValueContainer() {
      if let value = try? singleValueContainer.decode(Bool.self) {
        self.value = NSNumber(value: value)
      } else if let value = try? singleValueContainer.decode(Int64.self) {
        self.value = NSNumber(value: value)
      } else if let value = try? singleValueContainer.decode(Double.self) {
        self.value = NSNumber(value: value)
      } else if let value = try? singleValueContainer.decode(String.self) {
        self.value = value
      } else if singleValueContainer.decodeNil() {
        value = NSNull()
      } else {
        throw DecodingError.dataCorruptedError(in: singleValueContainer, debugDescription: "Unexpected value")
      }
    } else {
      let context = DecodingError.Context(codingPath: [], debugDescription: "Invalid data format for JSON")
      throw DecodingError.dataCorrupted(context)
    }
  }

  private struct Key: CodingKey {
    var stringValue: String

    init?(stringValue: String) {
      self.stringValue = stringValue
    }

    var intValue: Int?

    init?(intValue: Int) {
      self.init(stringValue: "\(intValue)")
      self.intValue = intValue
    }
  }
}

请注意，数字和布尔类型由NSNumber支持，否则这样的事情将不起作用：

if customer.metadata["keyForInt"] as? Int64 { // as it always will be nil

Answer 10

使用解码器和编码密钥解码

public let dataToDecode: [String: AnyDecodable]

enum CodingKeys: CodingKey {
    case dataToDecode
}

init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
    let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
    self.dataToDecode = try container.decode(Dictionary<String, AnyDecodable>.self, forKey: .dataToDecode) 
}    

Answer 11

细节

• Xcode 12.0.1 (12A7300)
• 斯威夫特 5.3

基于太乐库

// code from: https://github.com/levantAJ/AnyCodable/blob/master/AnyCodable/DecodingContainer%2BAnyCollection.swift

private
struct AnyCodingKey: CodingKey {
    let stringValue: String
    private (set) var intValue: Int?
    init?(stringValue: String) { self.stringValue = stringValue }
    init?(intValue: Int) {
        self.intValue = intValue
        stringValue = String(intValue)
    }
}

extension KeyedDecodingContainer {

    private
    func decode(_ type: [Any].Type, forKey key: KeyedDecodingContainer<K>.Key) throws -> [Any] {
        var values = try nestedUnkeyedContainer(forKey: key)
        return try values.decode(type)
    }

    private
    func decode(_ type: [String: Any].Type, forKey key: KeyedDecodingContainer<K>.Key) throws -> [String: Any] {
        try nestedContainer(keyedBy: AnyCodingKey.self, forKey: key).decode(type)
    }

    func decode(_ type: [String: Any].Type) throws -> [String: Any] {
        var dictionary: [String: Any] = [:]
        for key in allKeys {
            if try decodeNil(forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = NSNull()
            } else if let bool = try? decode(Bool.self, forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = bool
            } else if let string = try? decode(String.self, forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = string
            } else if let int = try? decode(Int.self, forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = int
            } else if let double = try? decode(Double.self, forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = double
            } else if let dict = try? decode([String: Any].self, forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = dict
            } else if let array = try? decode([Any].self, forKey: key) {
                dictionary[key.stringValue] = array
            }
        }
        return dictionary
    }
}

extension UnkeyedDecodingContainer {
    mutating func decode(_ type: [Any].Type) throws -> [Any] {
        var elements: [Any] = []
        while !isAtEnd {
            if try decodeNil() {
                elements.append(NSNull())
            } else if let int = try? decode(Int.self) {
                elements.append(int)
            } else if let bool = try? decode(Bool.self) {
                elements.append(bool)
            } else if let double = try? decode(Double.self) {
                elements.append(double)
            } else if let string = try? decode(String.self) {
                elements.append(string)
            } else if let values = try? nestedContainer(keyedBy: AnyCodingKey.self),
                let element = try? values.decode([String: Any].self) {
                elements.append(element)
            } else if var values = try? nestedUnkeyedContainer(),
                let element = try? values.decode([Any].self) {
                elements.append(element)
            }
        }
        return elements
    }
}

解决方案

struct DecodableDictionary: Decodable {
    typealias Value = [String: Any]
    let dictionary: Value?
    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        dictionary = try? decoder.container(keyedBy: AnyCodingKey.self).decode(Value.self)
    }
}

用法

struct Model: Decodable {
    let num: Double?
    let flag: Bool?
    let dict: DecodableDictionary?
    let dict2: DecodableDictionary?
    let dict3: DecodableDictionary?
}

let data = try! JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: dictionary)
let object = try JSONDecoder().decode(Model.self, from: data)
print(object.dict?.dictionary)      // prints [String: Any]
print(object.dict2?.dictionary)     // prints nil
print(object.dict3?.dictionary)     // prints nil

Answer 12

我写了一篇文章和repo ，有助于添加 [String: Any] 对 Codable 的解码和编码支持。

https://medium.com/nerd-for-tech/string-any-support-for-codable-4ba062ce62f2

这改进了可解码方面，并添加了可编码支持作为https://stackoverflow.com/a/46049763/9160905 中给出的解决方案

您将能够实现的目标：

json

示例代码

Answer 13

这将起作用

public struct AnyDecodable: Decodable {
    public let value: Any

    public init<T>(_ value: T?) {
        self.value = value ?? ()
    }
}

let contentDecodable = try values.decodeIfPresent(AnyDecodable.self, forKey: .content)

Answer 14

我使用了有关该主题的一些答案来为我获得最简单的解决方案。 我的问题是我收到了一个[String: Any]类型的字典，但我可以很好地使用一个[String: String]来转换 String 中的所有其他Any值。 所以这是我的解决方案：

struct MetadataType: Codable {
    let value: String?

    private init(_ value: String?) {
        self.value = value
    }

    init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()

        if let decodedValue = try? container.decode(Int.self) {
            self.init(String(decodedValue))
        } else if let decodedValue = try? container.decode(Double.self) {
            self.init(String(decodedValue))
        } else if let decodedValue = try? container.decode(Bool.self) {
            self.init(String(decodedValue))
        } else if let decodedValue = try? container.decode(String.self) {
            self.init(decodedValue)
        } else {
            self.init(nil)
        }
    }
}

在声明我的字典时，我使用

let userInfo: [String: MetadataType]

Answer 15

您想要的东西与Codable的设计Codable 。 Codable背后的想法是提供一种以类型安全的方式存档和取消存档数据的机制。 这意味着您必须先定义属性及其数据类型。 我可以想到两种解决您的问题的方法：

1.列出所有潜在的元数据键

通常，如果您深入了解API文档，则会找到所有潜在元数据键的完整列表。 定义Metadata结构，并将这些键作为可选属性：

struct Customer: Decodable {
    struct Metadata: Decodable {
        var linkId: String?
        var buyCount: Int?
        var somethingElse: Int?

        private enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
            case linkId = "link_id"
            case buyCount = "buy_count"
            case somethingElse = "something_else"
        }
    }

    var object: String
    var id: String
    var email: String
    var metadata: Metadata
}

let customer = try! JSONDecoder().decode(Customer.self, from: jsonData)
print(customer.metadata)

我可以看到Swift设计师会更喜欢这种方法。

---

2.结合Decodable和JSONSerialization

JSONSerialization在权衡类型安全性JSONSerialization提供了极大的动力。 您绝对可以将它与Decodable混合使用，后者的设计理念恰恰相反：

struct Customer {
    private struct RawCustomer: Decodable {
        var object: String
        var id: String
        var email: String
    }

    var object: String
    var id: String
    var email: String
    var metadata: [String: AnyObject]

    init(jsonData: Data) throws {
        let rawCustomer = try JSONDecoder().decode(RawCustomer.self, from: jsonData)
        object = rawCustomer.object
        id     = rawCustomer.id
        email  = rawCustomer.email

        let jsonObject = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: jsonData)
        if let dict = jsonObject as? [String: AnyObject],
            let metadata = dict["metadata"] as? [String: AnyObject]
        {
            self.metadata = metadata
        } else {
            self.metadata = [String: AnyObject]()
        }
    }
}

let customer = try! Customer(jsonData: jsonData)
print(customer.metadata)

Answer 16

最简单和建议的方法是为JSON 中的每个字典或模型创建单独的模型。

这是我所做的

//Model for dictionary **Metadata**

struct Metadata: Codable {
    var link_id: String?
    var buy_count: Int?
}  

//Model for dictionary **Customer**

struct Customer: Codable {
   var object: String?
   var id: String?
   var email: String?
   var metadata: Metadata?
}

//Here is our decodable parser that decodes JSON into expected model

struct CustomerParser {
    var customer: Customer?
}

extension CustomerParser: Decodable {

//keys that matches exactly with JSON
enum CustomerKeys: String, CodingKey {
    case object = "object"
    case id = "id"
    case email = "email"
    case metadata = "metadata"
}

init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
    let container = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CustomerKeys.self) // defining our (keyed) container

    let object: String = try container.decode(String.self, forKey: .object) // extracting the data
    let id: String = try container.decode(String.self, forKey: .id) // extracting the data
    let email: String = try container.decode(String.self, forKey: .email) // extracting the data

   //Here I have used metadata model instead of dictionary [String: Any]
    let metadata: Metadata = try container.decode(Metadata.self, forKey: .metadata) // extracting the data

    self.init(customer: Customer(object: object, id: id, email: email, metadata: metadata))

    }
}

用法：

  if let url = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "customer-json-file", withExtension: "json") {
        do {
            let jsonData: Data =  try Data(contentsOf: url)
            let parser: CustomerParser = try JSONDecoder().decode(CustomerParser.self, from: jsonData)
            print(parser.customer ?? "null")

        } catch {

        }
    }

**我在解析时使用了 optional 来保证安全，可以根据需要进行更改。

阅读有关此主题的更多信息

Answer 17

extension ViewController {

    func swiftyJson(){
        let url = URL(string: "https://itunes.apple.com/search?term=jack+johnson")
        //let url = URL(string: "http://makani.bitstaging.in/api/business/businesses_list")

        Alamofire.request(url!, method: .get, parameters: nil).responseJSON { response in
            var arrayIndexes = [IndexPath]()
            switch(response.result) {
            case .success(_):

                let data = response.result.value as! [String : Any]

                if let responseData =  Mapper<DataModel>().map(JSON: data) {
                    if responseData.results!.count > 0{
                        self.arrayExploreStylistList = []
                    }
                    for i in 0..<responseData.results!.count{
                        arrayIndexes.append(IndexPath(row: self.arrayExploreStylistList.count + i, section: 0))
                    }
                    self.arrayExploreStylistList.append(contentsOf: responseData.results!)

                    print(arrayIndexes.count)

                }

                //                    if let arrNew = data["results"] as? [[String : Any]]{
                //                        let jobData = Mapper<DataModel>().mapArray(JSONArray: arrNew)
                //                        print(jobData)
                //                        self.datamodel = jobData
                //                    }
                self.tblView.reloadData()
                break

            case .failure(_):
                print(response.result.error as Any)
                break

            }
        }

    }
}