如何使用存储过程 SQL Server 从表中复制记录并插入到同一个表中

Question

我有下表：

我只想复制那些来自版本 0 的记录，并且它们的 student_id 在版本 1 中永远不会重复，这意味着未更改的记录。 我想将所有复制的记录插入到版本 1 的同一个表中。为此将使用什么存储过程。

Answer 1

使用group by并having max(version) = 0 ：

insert into student_name (student_id, student_name, version)
select student_id, max(student_name), 1
from student_name
group by student_id
having max(version) = 0

---

作为一个存储过程，采用version的参数，为没有该版本记录的学生插入记录：并输出插入的行：

create procedure dbo.insert_new_version (@version int) as
begin;
  set nocount, xact_abort on;

  insert into student_name (student_id, student_name, version)
  output inserted.*
  select 
      student_id
    , student_name = max(student_name)
    , version = @version
  from student_name
  group by student_id
  having max(version) < @version
end;

reextester 演示： http ://rextester.com/JSTNI40605

返回：

+-----------+------------+--------------+---------+
| record_id | student_id | student_name | version |
+-----------+------------+--------------+---------+
|        11 |          3 | ccc          |       1 |
+-----------+------------+--------------+---------+

Answer 2

您可以通过执行以下操作来选择记录：

select t.*
from t
where t.version = 0 and
      not exists (select 1
                  from t t2
                  where t2.student_id = t.student_id and t2.version = 1
                 );

其余的只是一个insert 。

Answer 3

您可以像这样选择和插入

Insert INTO tableName select t1.student_Id, t1.student_name,1 from tablename t1 
where t1.version = 0 and not exists 
(select 1 from tablename  t2 where t2.student_id = t.student_id and t2.version = 1);

Answer 4

您可以通过 LEFT Join 尝试此操作：

INSERT INTO tbl
SELECT  T1.record_id,T1.student_Id,T1.student_name, 1
FROM    tbl T1 LEFT JOIN tbl    T2
ON  T1.student_Id   =   T2.student_Id AND   T2.version      =   1
WHERE   T1.version  =   0 AND       T2.record_id    IS NULL

Answer 5

我建议使用 while 循环遍历表格并确定您需要复制的项目，然后将评估这些值，如果它们符合重新插入的标准，然后插入它们。

您的代码应如下所示。 在适用的情况下添加 CREATE PROC 部分和编辑表名（注意：我已将其写在记事本上，因此如果您遇到一些错误，请尝试修复它们）

DECLARE @counter int = 0, @row_Count int = 0, @currentId int,
@currentName nvarchar(100), @version int, @current_Student_id int

SET @row_Count = (SELECT COUNT(record_Id) from yourTable)

WHILE @counter <= @row_Count
BEGIN
SET @currentId = (SELECT record_Id FROM (SELECT row_number() over (order by id) 
            AS RowNum, record_Id  FROM yourTable) sub WHERE RowNum=@counter)

SET @currentName = (SELECT student_name FROM yourTable WHERE record_Id = @currentId)
SET @current_Student_id = (SELECT student_id FROM yourTable WHERE record_Id = @currentId)
SET @version = (SELECT version FROM yourTable WHERE record_Id = @currentId)

--USE IF to check if the current version is 0 and the student ID has not been inserted already

IF (SELECT COUNT(record_Id) FROM yourTable WHERE student_id = @current_Student_id AND version = 1) < 1
            AND @version = 0
BEGIN
INSERT INTO yourTable (student_id, student_name, version)
    VALUES
(
@current_Student_id,
@currentName,
1
)
END

SET @counter = @counter + 1;
END