无法加载文件或程序集'System.Net.Http'

Question

1.启动应用程序时出错

Could not load file or assembly 'System.Net.Http, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.

Stack Trace: 


[FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'System.Net.Http, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.]
   System.Web.Http.GlobalConfiguration..cctor() +0

[TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'System.Web.Http.GlobalConfiguration' threw an exception.]
   System.Web.Http.GlobalConfiguration.get_Configuration() +14
   SerilogWeb.Classic.WebApi.PreApplicationStartModule.Register() +10

[InvalidOperationException: The pre-application start initialization method Register on type SerilogWeb.Classic.WebApi.PreApplicationStartModule threw an exception with the following error message: The type initializer for 'System.Web.Http.GlobalConfiguration' threw an exception..]
   System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.InvokePreStartInitMethodsCore(ICollection`1 methods, Func`1 setHostingEnvironmentCultures) +614
   System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.InvokePreStartInitMethods(ICollection`1 methods) +138
   System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.CallPreStartInitMethods(String preStartInitListPath, Boolean& isRefAssemblyLoaded) +164
   System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.ExecutePreAppStart() +156
   System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.Initialize(ApplicationManager appManager, IApplicationHost appHost, IConfigMapPathFactory configMapPathFactory, HostingEnvironmentParameters hostingParameters, PolicyLevel policyLevel, Exception appDomainCreationException) +695

[HttpException (0x80004005): The pre-application start initialization method Register on type SerilogWeb.Classic.WebApi.PreApplicationStartModule threw an exception with the following error message: The type initializer for 'System.Web.Http.GlobalConfiguration' threw an exception..]
   System.Web.HttpRuntime.FirstRequestInit(HttpContext context) +658
   System.Web.HttpRuntime.EnsureFirstRequestInit(HttpContext context) +89
   System.Web.HttpRuntime.ProcessRequestNotificationPrivate(IIS7WorkerRequest wr, HttpContext context) +190

2. Csproj

...
  <TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.6.1</TargetFrameworkVersion>
...
  <Reference Include="System.Net.Http" />
...

当我在解决方案中显示System.Net.Http属性时，它具有：

Aliases = global
CopyLocal = False
Path = C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.6.1\System.Net.Http.dll
Resolved = True
Runtime Version = v4.0.30319
Specific Version = True
Strong Name = True
Version = 4.0.0.0

3. Fusionlog

启动此应用程序时，有两个日志，适用于v4.0.0.0和v.4.1.1.1。 这是一个问题吗？

对于v4.0.0.0

*** Assembly Binder Log Entry  (x) ***

The operation failed.
Bind result: hr = 0x80070002. The system cannot find the file specified.

Assembly manager loaded from:  C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clr.dll
Running under executable  C:\Program Files (x86)\IIS Express\iisexpress.exe
--- A detailed error log follows. 

=== Pre-bind state information ===
LOG: DisplayName = System.Net.Http, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a
 (Fully-specified)
LOG: Appbase = x
LOG: Initial PrivatePath = x\bin
LOG: Dynamic Base = C:\Users\y\AppData\Local\Temp\Temporary ASP.NET Files\vs\xyz
LOG: Cache Base = C:\Users\y\AppData\Local\Temp\Temporary ASP.NET Files\vs\xyz
LOG: AppName = 12345
Calling assembly : (Unknown).
===
LOG: This bind starts in default load context.
LOG: Using application configuration file: x\web.config
LOG: Using host configuration file: w\Documents\IISExpress\config\aspnet.config
LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config.
LOG: GAC Lookup was unsuccessful.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/y/AppData/Local/Temp/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/xyz/12345/System.Net.Http.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/y/AppData/Local/Temp/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/xyz/12345/System.Net.Http/System.Net.Http.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/x/bin/System.Net.Http.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/x/bin/System.Net.Http/System.Net.Http.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/y/AppData/Local/Temp/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/xyz/12345/System.Net.Http.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/y/AppData/Local/Temp/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/xyz/12345/System.Net.Http/System.Net.Http.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/x/bin/System.Net.Http.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/x/bin/System.Net.Http/System.Net.Http.EXE.
LOG: All probing URLs attempted and failed.

对于v4.1.1.0

*** Assembly Binder Log Entry  (x) ***

The operation failed.
Bind result: hr = 0x80070002. The system cannot find the file specified.

Assembly manager loaded from:  C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clr.dll
Running under executable  C:\Program Files (x86)\IIS Express\iisexpress.exe
--- A detailed error log follows. 

=== Pre-bind state information ===
LOG: DisplayName = System.Net.Http, Version=4.1.1.1, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL
 (Fully-specified)
LOG: Appbase = file:///C:/x/
LOG: Initial PrivatePath = C:\x\bin
LOG: Dynamic Base = C:\Users\y\AppData\Local\Temp\Temporary ASP.NET Files\vs\xyz
LOG: Cache Base = C:\Users\y\AppData\Local\Temp\Temporary ASP.NET Files\vs\xyz
LOG: AppName = 12345
Calling assembly : (Unknown).
===
LOG: This bind starts in default load context.
LOG: Using application configuration file: C:\x\web.config
LOG: Using host configuration file: w\Documents\IISExpress\config\aspnet.config
LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config.
LOG: Redirect found in application configuration file: 4.1.1.1 redirected to 4.1.1.1.
LOG: ProcessorArchitecture is locked to MSIL.
LOG: Post-policy reference: System.Net.Http, Version=4.1.1.1, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL
LOG: GAC Lookup was unsuccessful.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/y/AppData/Local/Temp/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/xyz/12345/System.Net.Http.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/y/AppData/Local/Temp/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/xyz/12345/System.Net.Http/System.Net.Http.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/x/bin/System.Net.Http.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/x/bin/System.Net.Http/System.Net.Http.DLL.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/y/AppData/Local/Temp/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/xyz/12345/System.Net.Http.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Users/y/AppData/Local/Temp/Temporary ASP.NET Files/vs/xyz/12345/System.Net.Http/System.Net.Http.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/x/bin/System.Net.Http.EXE.
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/x/bin/System.Net.Http/System.Net.Http.EXE.
LOG: All probing URLs attempted and failed.

4. GAC

$ gacutil -l

...
System.Net.Http, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a, processorArchitecture=MSIL
...

是C：\\ Windows \\ Microsoft.NET \\ assembly中的 System.Net.Http.dll ...？

• GAC_32 - 没有
• GAC_64 - 没有
• GAC_MSIL - 是的

这是装配的第一个位置

C：\\ WINDOWS \\ Microsoft.NET \\装配\\ GAC_MSIL \\ System.Net.Http \\ v4.0_4.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a \\ System.Net.Http.dll

System.Net.Http.dll 197 kB (file version: 4.7.2046.0)

装配检查：

$ sn.exe -T "C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Net.Http\v4.0_4.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a\System.Net.Http.dll"

Microsoft (R) .NET Framework Strong Name Utility  Version 4.0.30319.0
Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Public key token is b03f5f7f11d50a3a

6.这是装配的第二个位置

C：\\ Program Files（x86）\\ Reference Assemblies \\ Microsoft \\ Framework.NETFramework \\ v4.6.1 \\ System.Net.Http.dll

System.Net.Http.dll 84 kB (file version: 4.6.1055.0)

装配检查：

$ sn.exe -T "C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\Framework\.NETFramework\v4.6.1\System.Net.Http.dll"

Microsoft (R) .NET Framework Strong Name Utility  Version 4.0.30319.0
Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Public key token is b03f5f7f11d50a3a

我想我掌握了所有信息，但我无法弄清楚解决方案。 我可能用GAC或周围的方式替换.NETFramework程序集，但它是盲目的 - 我不知道是什么原因。

//更新

Web.config文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>

  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.6.1" />
    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.6.1" />
  </system.web>

  <runtime>
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
...
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Net.Http" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.1.1" newVersion="4.1.1.1" />
      </dependentAssembly>
...
    </assemblyBinding>
  </runtime>


</configuration>

Answer 1

感谢@Jehof：

原因

Web.config将System.Net.Http重定向从4.0.0重定向到4.1.1 ，而GAC只有程序集版本4.0.0 。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>

  <runtime>
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
...
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Net.Http" publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a" culture="neutral" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.1.1.1" newVersion="4.1.1.1" />
      </dependentAssembly>
...
    </assemblyBinding>
  </runtime>


</configuration>

解

删除此重定向解决了该问题。

根本原因

我想，我在Web.config有这个程序集重定向，因为我在某个时候通过nuget安装了System.Net.Http ，然后将其卸载。 但是，未自动删除程序集重定向。