for ...使用数组内的对象进行迭代和解构

Question

根据Mozilla文档 ，这里是如何在for of循环中使用解构：

var people = [
  {
    name: 'Mike Smith',
    family: {
      mother: 'Jane Smith',
      father: 'Harry Smith',
      sister: 'Samantha Smith'
    },
    age: 35
  },
  {
    name: 'Tom Jones',
    family: {
      mother: 'Norah Jones',
      father: 'Richard Jones',
      brother: 'Howard Jones'
    },
    age: 25
  }
];

for (var {name: n, family: {father: f}} of people) {
  console.log('Name: ' + n + ', Father: ' + f);
}

// "Name: Mike Smith, Father: Harry Smith"
// "Name: Tom Jones, Father: Richard Jones"

我的问题是，如果family对象位于数组中，正确的解构语法是什么，如下所示：

var people = [
  {
    name: 'Tom Jones',
    family: [
     {
      mother: 'Norah Jones',
      father: 'Richard Jones',
      brother: 'Howard Jones'
     }
    ],
    age: 25
  }
];

（注意额外的[方括号]）

尝试使用以下方法进行结构化：

for (var {name: n, family[0]: {father: f}} of people) {
  console.log('Name: ' + n + ', Father: ' + f);
}

在方括号处出现Unexpected token错误。

所以在这个例子中，我如何使用解构来为f赋值？

Answer 1

您希望表示数组结构，而不是数组索引访问。

 var people = [{ name: 'Tom Jones', family: [{ mother: 'Norah Jones', father: 'Richard Jones', brother: 'Howard Jones' }], age: 25 }]; // Describe the structure -v-----------v for (var {name: n, family: [{father: f}]} of people) { console.log('Name: ' + n + ', Father: ' + f); } 

当然，这假设您只想要第一个成员。 如果您需要更多，可以使用其余语法。

 var people = [{ name: 'Tom Jones', family: [{ mother: 'Norah Jones', father: 'Richard Jones', brother: 'Howard Jones' }], age: 25 }]; for (var {name: n, family: [{father: f}, ...rem]} of people) { console.log('Name: ' + n + ', Father: ' + f); console.log("Remaining values: %s", rem.length); } 

Answer 2

您可以使用数组解构（简单地忽略任何剩余的数组元素）：

                        // vv            vv
for (var {name: n, family: [ {father: f} ] } of people)
  // ...

或者，由于数组只是对象，因此您可以使用索引作为键的对象解构：

                        // vvvvv            vv
for (var {name: n, family: { 0: {father: f} } } of people)
  // ...