将Apache WebSocket重定向到Tomcat：mod_proxy和mod_proxy_wstunnel

Question

我正在尝试使用mod_proxy和mod_proxy_wstunnel模块将流量从Apache重定向到Tomcat。 HTTP流量可以顺利重定向，但是到目前为止，我无法使用任何配置成功重定向Websocket流量。

我正在使用Apache 2.4.28和Tomcat 8.5.13

我必须说，当我在不使用Apache的情况下使用Tomcat时，websockets可以正常工作：

接下来是适用于此配置的Tomcat连接器：

<Connector URIEncoding="UTF-8"
        compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml,text/plain,text/css,text/javascript,application/javascript"
        compression="on"
        compressionMinSize="1024"
        connectionTimeout="20000"
        noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata"
        port="443"
        protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol"
        SSLEnabled="true"
        scheme="https"
        secure="true">
        <UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" />
        <SSLHostConfig>
            <Certificate certificateKeyFile="/opt/tomcat/cert/privkey.pem"
                         certificateFile="/opt/tomcat/cert/cert.pem"
                         certificateChainFile="/opt/tomcat/cert/chain.pem"
                         type="RSA" />
        </SSLHostConfig>
    </Connector>

到目前为止，一切都还很清楚。 现在，我在Tomcat之前启动一个Apache服务器，而我要做的第一件事就是像这样的Tomcat连接器：

<Connector URIEncoding="UTF-8"
    compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml,text/plain,text/css,text/javascript,application/javascript"
    compression="on"
    compressionMinSize="1024"
    connectionTimeout="20000"
    noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata"
    port="8080"
    protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol">
    <UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" />
</Connector>

在Apache中，我成功加载了下一个模块（已检查它们是否已真正加载）：

LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_wstunnel_module modules/mod_proxy_wstunnel.so
LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so

这是我在vhosts.conf文件中尝试的配置之一：

<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName www.example.com
    ServerAdmin server@example.com
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-agent}i\"" combined
    CustomLog /var/log/httpd/lavnet_access.log combined
    ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/lavnet_error.log

    SSLProxyEngine on
    #websocket
    RewriteEngine on
    RewriteCond %{HTTP:Upgrade} "(?i)websocket"
    RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ wss://www.example.com/$1 [P]
    #rest
    ProxyPass "/" "http://www.example.com:8080/"
    ProxyPassReverse "/" "http://www.example.com:8080/"

    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile    /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/cert.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem
    SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/chain.pem
</VirtualHost>

这是我获得的最佳结果的配置，但仍无法正常工作。 当我尝试建立此连接时，lavnet_error.log中的日志跟踪看起来非常不错：

[Tue Oct 10 16:46:39.014980 2017] [proxy:debug] [pid 10558:tid 47319680603904] proxy_util.c(2209): [client XX.XX.XX.109:11208] AH00944: connecting wss://www.example.com:443/rest/notify/675/fgcw02lm/websocket to www.example.com:443
[Tue Oct 10 16:46:39.016495 2017] [proxy:debug] [pid 10558:tid 47319680603904] proxy_util.c(2418): [client XX.XX.XX.109:11208] AH00947: connected /rest/notify/675/fgcw02lm/websocket to www.example.com:443
[Tue Oct 10 16:46:39.016567 2017] [proxy:debug] [pid 10558:tid 47319680603904] proxy_util.c(2887): AH02824: WSS: connection established with XX.XX.XX.109:443 (*)
[Tue Oct 10 16:46:39.016590 2017] [proxy:debug] [pid 10558:tid 47319680603904] proxy_util.c(3054): AH00962: WSS: connection complete to XX.XX.XX.109:443 (www.example.com)
[Tue Oct 10 16:46:39.016603 2017] [ssl:info] [pid 10558:tid 47319680603904] [remote 217.61.129.109:443] AH01964: Connection to child 0 established (server www.example.com:443)
[Tue Oct 10 16:46:39.026370 2017] [proxy:debug] [pid 10558:tid 47319680603904] proxy_util.c(2171): AH00943: WSS: has released connection for (*)

但这是Chrome显示的错误：

我也尝试了这种其他配置：

<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName www.example.com
    ServerAdmin server@example.com
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-agent}i\"" combined
    CustomLog /var/log/httpd/lavnet_access.log combined
    ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/lavnet_error.log
    SSLProxyEngine on

    ProxyPass "/rest/notify/" "wss://www.example.com:8080/rest/notify"
    ProxyPassReverse "/rest/notify/" "wss://www.example.com:8080/rest/notify"

    ProxyPass "/" "http://www.example.com:8080/"
    ProxyPassReverse "/" "http://www.example.com:8080/"

    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile    /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/cert.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem
    SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/chain.pem
</VirtualHost>

但是在这种情况下，我得到“ 500（内部服务器错误）”，并且我还能在lavnet_error.log中看到下一条跟踪记录：

[Tue Oct 10 17:14:14.778824 2017] [proxy:warn] [pid 11924:tid 47694559057664] [client XX.XX.XXX.189:11665] AH01144: No protocol handler was valid for the URL /rest/notify/info (scheme 'wss'). If you are using a DSO version of mod_proxy, make sure the proxy submodules are included in the configuration using LoadModule., referer: https://www.example.com/equipment-command-panel/8287/8482

我已经尝试了许多配置，但是无法正常工作。 我希望你能帮助我。

谢谢。

Answer 1

经过多次试验，我终于解决了。 接下来是工作配置，以防有人需要：

这是Apache的vhost.conf文件：

<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName www.example.com
    ServerAdmin admin@example.com
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-agent}i\"" combined
    CustomLog /var/log/httpd/lavnet_access.log combined
    ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/lavnet_error.log

    ProxyPreserveHost On
    ProxyPass / http://www.example.com:8080/
    ProxyPassReverse / http://www.example.com:8080/
    ProxyRequests Off
    RewriteEngine on
    RewriteCond %{HTTP:UPGRADE} ^WebSocket$ [NC]
    RewriteCond %{HTTP:CONNECTION} Upgrade$ [NC]
    RewriteRule .* ws://www.example.com:8080%{REQUEST_URI} [P]

    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile    /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/cert.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem
    SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/chain.pem
</VirtualHost>

这是Tomcat中server.xml中定义的连接器：

<Connector URIEncoding="UTF-8"
    connectionTimeout="20000"
    port="8080"
    protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11AprProtocol">
    <UpgradeProtocol className="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol" />
</Connector>

谢谢。

Answer 2

接受的解决方案在单个实例中起作用。 但是我有多个服务器的群集，并且我有带有mod_jk模块的负载均衡器。 在这种情况下，经过数小时的搜索，我可以找到解决问题的解决方案。 在mod_jk ，将服务器名称附加到JSESSIONID末尾，如下所示： JSESSIONID=25B9813E079BA3543C242438FD74CA84.banana 。

因此，我可以编写一条规则，使用以下代码将websocket请求代理到适当的服务器：

SSLProxyEngine On
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP:UPGRADE} ^WebSocket$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP:CONNECTION} Upgrade$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_COOKIE} (^|;\ *)JSESSIONID=.*\.(.+?)(?=;|$) [NC]
RewriteRule .* wss://%2:8443%{REQUEST_URI} [P]

如您在上一个RewriteCond所看到的，我编写了一个正则表达式，该表达式在第二个正则表达式组中找到服务器的名称。 因此，我编写了一个代理，将请求路由到wss://%2:8443%{REQUEST_URI} ，这是正确的服务器。

ps：别忘了将服务器名称和IP添加到/etc/hosts