解析 XML 文件的节点

Question

如何解析给定目录下的所有 XML 文件作为应用程序的输入并将其输出写入文本文件。

注意：XML 并不总是相同的，XML 中的节点可以不同并且具有任意数量的子节点。

在这方面，任何帮助或指导都会非常有帮助:)

XML 文件示例

<CATALOG>
<CD>
<TITLE>Empire Burlesque</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Bob Dylan</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>
<CNT>USA</CNT>
<CODE>3456</CODE>
</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>Columbia</COMPANY>
<PRICE>10.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1985</YEAR>
</CD>
<CD>
<TITLE>Hide your heart</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Bonnie Tyler</ARTIST>
<COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
<COMPANY>CBS Records</COMPANY>
<PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
<YEAR>1988</YEAR>
</CD>
</CATALOG>

C# 代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.IO;
using System.Data;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Linq;

namespace XMLTagParser
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Please Enter the Location of the file");

            // get the location we want to get the sitemaps from 
            string dirLoc = Console.ReadLine();

            // get all the sitemaps 
            string[] sitemaps = Directory.GetFiles(dirLoc);
            StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(Application.StartupPath + @"\locs.txt", true);

            // loop through each file 
            foreach (string sitemap in sitemaps)
            {
                try
                {
                    // new xdoc instance 
                    XmlDocument xDoc = new XmlDocument();

                    //load up the xml from the location 
                    xDoc.Load(sitemap);

                    // cycle through each child noed 
                    foreach (XmlNode node in xDoc.DocumentElement.ChildNodes)
                    {
                        // first node is the url ... have to go to nexted loc node 
                        foreach (XmlNode locNode in node)
                        {

                                string loc = locNode.Name;

                                // write it to the console so you can see its working 
                                Console.WriteLine(loc + Environment.NewLine);

                                // write it to the file 
                                sw.Write(loc + Environment.NewLine);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                catch {
                    Console.WriteLine("Error :-(");
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine("All Done :-)");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}

首选输出：

CATALOG/CD/TITLE
CATALOG/CD/ARTIST
CATALOG/CD/COUNTRY/CNT
CATALOG/CD/COUNTRY/CODE
CATALOG/CD/COMPANY
CATALOG/CD/PRICE
CATALOG/CD/YEAR

CATALOG/CD/TITLE
CATALOG/CD/ARTIST
CATALOG/CD/COUNTRY
CATALOG/CD/COMPANY
CATALOG/CD/PRICE
CATALOG/CD/YEAR

Answer 1

这是一个递归问题，您正在寻找的称为“树遍历”。 这意味着对于每个子节点，您要查看它的子节点，然后查看该节点的子节点（如果有的话）等等，在进行时记录“路径”，但只打印出“叶”节点。

您将需要这样的函数来“遍历”树：

static void traverse(XmlNodeList nodes, string parentPath)
{
    foreach (XmlNode node in nodes)
    {
        string thisPath = parentPath;
        if (node.NodeType != XmlNodeType.Text)
        {
            //Prevent adding "#text" at the end of every chain
            thisPath += "/" + node.Name;
        }

        if (!node.HasChildNodes)
        {
            //Only print out this path if it is at the end of a chain
            Console.WriteLine(thisPath);
        }

        //Look into the child nodes using this function recursively
        traverse(node.ChildNodes, thisPath);
    }
}

然后这是我将它添加到您的程序中的方法（在您的foreach sitemap循环中）：

try
{
    // new xdoc instance 
    XmlDocument xDoc = new XmlDocument();

    //load up the xml from the location 
    xDoc.Load(sitemap);

    // start traversing from the children of the root node
    var rootNode = xDoc.FirstChild;
    traverse(rootNode.ChildNodes, rootNode.Name);
}
catch
{
    Console.WriteLine("Error :-(");
}

我利用了另一个有用的答案： Traverse a XML using Recursive function

希望这可以帮助！ :)