如何使用 cloud-init (cloud-config) 启动 docker 容器（或 docker-compose）

Question

我尝试启动一个服务器，该服务器应该使用一个简单的“hello-world”容器运行 docker 和 docker-compose。 我的 YAML 文件如下所示：

#cloud-config
ssh_authorized_keys:
  - ssh-rsa MY_SSH_KEY_HERE

package_update: true
package_upgrade: true

packages:
  - docker.io

runcmd:
  - [ sh, -c, "sudo apt install -y docker" ]
  - [ sh, -c, "sudo apt install -y docker-compose"]
  - [ sh, -c, "sudo service docker start" ]

rancher:
  services:
    rancher-server:
      image: hello-world
      restart: always
      ports:
      - 80:80
      environment:
        - TEST_VAR=TEST

Docker 已安装但无法启动映像

root@test ~ # which docker
/usr/bin/docker
root@test ~ # which docker-compose
/usr/bin/docker-compose

> sudo docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES

顺便说一句：是否有必要包含packages: docker.io ？

Answer 1

在此答案中，如果您不使用 Azure VM，则可以忽略将默认 azure 用户添加到 docker 组。 但是请记住，要运行 docker，您必须将当前用户添加到 docker 组，否则您可能会收到权限被拒绝的错误。

#cloud-config

package_update: true

# Setup swap memory
disk_setup:
    ephemeral0:
        table_type: mbr
        layout: [66, [33, 82]]
        overwrite: True
fs_setup:
    - device: ephemeral0.1
      filesystem: ext4
    - device: ephemeral0.2
      filesystem: swap
mounts:
    - ["ephemeral0.1", "/mnt"]
    - ["ephemeral0.2", "none", "swap", "sw", "0", "0"]

# Enable Docker's swap limit support (System restart required)
bootcmd:
    - [ sh, -c, 'sudo echo GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"cgroup_enable=memory swapaccount=1\" >> /etc/default/grub' ]
    - [ sh, -c, 'sudo update-grub' ]

# Install latest stable docker and docker-compose
runcmd:
    - [ sh, -c, 'curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh' ]
    - [ sh, -c, 'sudo curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/docker/compose/releases/latest | grep "tag_name" | cut -d \" -f4)/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m) -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose' ]
    - [ sh, -c, 'sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose' ]
    - [ sh, -c, 'sudo docker run -d nginx:latest' ]

# Add default azure user to docker group
system_info:
    default_user:
        groups: [docker]

# Restart the system
 power_state:
   delay: "now"
   mode: reboot
   message: First reboot
   condition: True

Answer 2

这个用户数据字符串在 DigitalOcean 上使用ubuntu-18-04-x64 VM 类型对我ubuntu-18-04-x64 。 我希望它适用于为云虚拟机构建的任何版本的 Ubuntu 18.04。

#cloud-config

# https://github.com/number5/cloud-init/blob/master/doc/examples/cloud-config-apt.txt
# https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/
apt:
  sources:
    download-docker-com.list:
      source: "deb https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $RELEASE stable"
      key: |
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# Search for package versions: $ apt-cache madison docker-ce
packages:
- docker-ce=5:19.03.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic
- docker-compose=1.17.1-2
- containerd.io=1.2.10-3

users:
- name: user
  uid: 1000

# Test Docker installation with $ docker run -u 1000 -t -i --rm hello-world