如何在2D阵列中更改位置

Question

例如，假设存在宽度和高度，则6和4分别来自用户输入，并且存储在2D数组中的输入（也来自用户输入）是：

0 1 2 2 1 0
1 0 0 0 0 1
1 0 0 0 0 1
0 1 1 1 1 0

有没有办法翻转x轴和y轴？ 我想做的就是改变

0 1 2 2 1 0
1 0 0 0 0 1
1 0 0 0 0 1
0 1 1 1 1 0

进入

0 1 1 0
1 0 0 1
2 0 0 1
2 0 0 1
1 0 0 1
0 1 1 0

下面的代码，

scanf("%d %d", &width, &height);
int board[height][width];

for(i = 0; i < height; i++)
{
    for(j = 0; j < width; j++)
    {
        scanf("%d", &input);
        board[i][j] = input;
    }
}

并通过

for(i = 0; i < width; i++)
{

    for(j = 0; j < height; j++)
    {
        printf("%d", board[j][i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
}

，这会打印出我期望的输出，但是实际上并没有改变其位置...我无法更改第一个编码部分，因为我已经使用它来完成其他工作。 是否有通过添加其他方法或新板来解决问题的方法？

有人可以帮帮我吗？ 如果有人帮助我，我将非常感激！ 谢谢

Answer 1

只需声明第二个数组，其指定的行数等于width ，列数等于height然后将值从源数组复制到第二个数组。

例如

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) 
{
    size_t height, width;

    printf( "Enter the height and the width of the array: " );

    scanf( "%zu %zu", &height, &width );

    int a[height][width];

    puts( "Enter values for elements of the array" );

    for ( size_t i = 0; i < height; i++ )
    {
        printf( "%zu row: ", i + 1 );
        for ( size_t j = 0; j < width; j++ ) scanf( "%d", &a[i][j] );
    }

    int b[width][height];

    for ( size_t i = 0; i < height; i++ )
    {
        for ( size_t j = 0; j < width; j++ ) b[j][i] = a[i][j];
    }

    puts( "\nSource array is" );

    for ( size_t i = 0; i < height; i++ )
    {
        for ( size_t j = 0; j < width; j++ ) printf( "%d ", a[i][j] );
        putchar( '\n' );
    }

    puts( "\nReversed array is" );

    for ( size_t i = 0; i < width; i++ )
    {
        for ( size_t j = 0; j < height; j++ ) printf( "%d ", b[i][j] );
        putchar( '\n' );
    }

    return 0;
}

程序输出可能看起来像

Enter the height and the width of the array: 4 6
Enter values for elements of the array
1 row: 0 1 2 2 1 0 
2 row: 1 0 0 0 0 1
3 row: 1 0 0 0 0 1 
4 row: 0 1 1 1 1 0 

Source array is
0 1 2 2 1 0 
1 0 0 0 0 1 
1 0 0 0 0 1 
0 1 1 1 1 0 

Reversed array is
0 1 1 0 
1 0 0 1 
2 0 0 1 
2 0 0 1 
1 0 0 1 
0 1 1 0 

另一种方法是动态分配第一和辅助阵列。 例如

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void) 
{
    size_t height, width;

    printf( "Enter the height and the width of the array: " );

    scanf( "%zu %zu", &height, &width );

    int **a = malloc( height * sizeof( int * ) );

    for ( size_t i = 0; i < height; i++ ) a[i] = malloc( width * sizeof( int ) );

    puts( "Enter values for elements of the array" );

    for ( size_t i = 0; i < height; i++ )
    {
        printf( "%zu row: ", i + 1 );
        for ( size_t j = 0; j < width; j++ ) scanf( "%d", &a[i][j] );
    }

    int **b = malloc( width * sizeof( int * ) );
    for ( size_t i = 0; i < width; i++ ) b[i] = malloc( height * sizeof( int ) );

    for ( size_t i = 0; i < height; i++ )
    {
        for ( size_t j = 0; j < width; j++ ) b[j][i] = a[i][j];
    }

    puts( "\nSource array is" );

    for ( size_t i = 0; i < height; i++ )
    {
        for ( size_t j = 0; j < width; j++ ) printf( "%d ", a[i][j] );
        putchar( '\n' );
    }

    for ( size_t i = 0; i < height; i++ ) free( a[i] );
    free( a );

    a = b;

    puts( "\nReversed array is" );

    for ( size_t i = 0; i < width; i++ )
    {
        for ( size_t j = 0; j < height; j++ ) printf( "%d ", a[i][j] );
        putchar( '\n' );
    }

    for ( size_t i = 0; i < width; i++ ) free( a[i] );
    free( a );

    return 0;
}

Answer 2

这可能是最简单的方法。 避免在输入过程中复制和存储元素。 但是，如果您无法更改输入过程，则必须使用以下命令复制元素：

 void reverse_matrix(int c, int r, int board[][r], int board2[][c])

编码：

#include <stdio.h>

void print(int c, int r, int board[][r] )
{
    for(int i = 0; i < c; i++)
    {
        for(int j = 0; j < r; j++)
        {
            printf("%d ", board[i][j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
}

void reverse_matrix(int c, int r, int board[][r], int board2[][c] )
{
    for(int i = 0; i < c; i++)
    {
        for(int j = 0; j < r; j++)
        {
            board2[j][i] = board[i][j];
        }
    }   
}

int main()
{
    int width, height, input;

    scanf("%d %d", &width, &height);
    int board[height][width];

    int board2[width][height];

    for(int i = 0; i < height; i++)
    {
        for(int j = 0; j < width; j++)
        {
            scanf("%d", &input);
            board[i][j]  = input;
            // board2[j][i] = input; // if you can add it 
        }
    }

    printf("First matrix:\n");
    print(height, width, board);

    reverse_matrix(height, width, board, board2); // alternative

    printf("Second matrix:\n");
    print(width, height, board2);    

    return 0;    
}

输出：

2                                                                                                                                               
3                                                                                                                                               
1                                                                                                                                               
2                                                                                                                                               
3                                                                                                                                               
4                                                                                                                                               
5                                                                                                                                               
6                                                                                                                                               
First matrix:                                                                                                                                   
1 2                                                                                                                                             
3 4                                                                                                                                             
5 6                                                                                                                                             
Second matrix:                                                                                                                                  
1 3 5                                                                                                                                           
2 4 6