实体框架核心通过SSH隧道连接到MSSQL数据库

Question

我看过很多帖子都在问类似的问题，但没有一个问题解决了我的问题。

我的设置如下：

• 带数据库的远程主机：可在127.0.0.1:1433访问
• SSH隧道： L5000 -> 127.0.0.1:1433

当我在SQL Management Studio中输入服务器名称127.0.0.1,5000 ，我可以连接到我想要的数据库。

如果相应地调整我的连接字符串并启动我的应用程序，我会得到以下异常：

Type       : SqlException
Message    : A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 - Could not open a connection to SQL Server)
Source     : Core .Net SqlClient Data Provider
HResult    : -2146232060
TargetSite : .ctor
----- INNER EXCEPTION -----
Type       : Win32Exception
Message    : The system cannot find the file specified
HResult    : -2147467259

由于我可以通过Management Studio进行连接，因此我认为问题在于我的连接字符串或与Entity Framework Core相关的内容。 以下是我测试过的一些连接字符串：

Data Source=127.0.0.1,5000;Network Library=DBMSSOCN;Initial Catalog=Mux;Integrated Security=False;Persist Security Info=False;User ID=...;Password=...;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;Connect Timeout=5;Encrypt=True;TrustServerCertificate=True;Application Name=Mux;ConnectRetryCount=3;ConnectRetryInterval=5
Data Source=127.0.0.1;port=5000;Network Library=DBMSSOCN;Initial Catalog=Mux;Integrated Security=False;Persist Security Info=False;User ID=...;Password=...;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;Connect Timeout=5;Encrypt=True;TrustServerCertificate=True;Application Name=Mux;ConnectRetryCount=3;ConnectRetryInterval=5
Server=127.0.0.1;port=5000;Network Library=DBMSSOCN;Initial Catalog=Mux;Integrated Security=False;Persist Security Info=False;User ID=...;Password=...;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;Connect Timeout=5;Encrypt=True;TrustServerCertificate=True;Application Name=Mux;ConnectRetryCount=3;ConnectRetryInterval=5
Server=127.0.0.1,5000;Initial Catalog=Mux;Integrated Security=False;Persist Security Info=False;User ID=...;Password=...;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;Connect Timeout=5;Encrypt=True;TrustServerCertificate=True;Application Name=Mux;ConnectRetryCount=3;ConnectRetryInterval=5
Server=127.0.0.1;port=5000;Initial Catalog=Mux;Integrated Security=False;Persist Security Info=False;User ID=...;Password=...;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;Connect Timeout=5;Encrypt=True;TrustServerCertificate=True;Application Name=Mux;ConnectRetryCount=3;ConnectRetryInterval=5
Server=tcp,127.0.0.1,5000;Initial Catalog=Mux;Integrated Security=False;Persist Security Info=False;User ID=...;Password=...;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;Connect Timeout=5;Encrypt=True;TrustServerCertificate=True;Application Name=Mux;ConnectRetryCount=3;ConnectRetryInterval=5

有谁知道为什么会这样？

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编辑1我进行了一些测试; 如果我尝试启动我的应用程序，SQL Server Profiler不会注册任何活动。

另外，我尝试了这篇文章的方法..使用... tcp: ...代替... tcp, ... ..这也行不通。

我尝试在Visual Studio中添加一个DataSource - 测试连接：好的。 我甚至复制了那里显示的连接字符串，将其粘贴到我的应用程序中，启动它 - 没有用。 并且只是让它说：是的，应用程序确实使用提供的连接字符串。

Visual Studio和SQL Management Studio是否以特殊方式连接到服务器，然后使用连接字符串？

---

编辑2根据您的评论，我想添加以下信息：

项目依赖项：

• Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer v2.0.3
• Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools v2.0.3
• Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGeneration.Design v2.0.4

完整的日志消息：

Type       : SqlException
Message    : A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 - Could not open a connection to SQL Server)
Source     : Core .Net SqlClient Data Provider
HResult    : -2146232060
TargetSite : .ctor
Stacktrace : at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnectionTds..ctor(DbConnectionPoolIdentity identity, SqlConnectionString connectionOptions, Object providerInfo, Boolean redirectedUserInstance, SqlConnectionString userConnectionOptions, SessionData reconnectSessionData, Boolean applyTransientFaultHandling)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnectionFactory.CreateConnection(DbConnectionOptions options, DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, Object poolGroupProviderInfo, DbConnectionPool pool, DbConnection owningConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions)
   at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory.CreatePooledConnection(DbConnectionPool pool, DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions options, DbConnectionPoolKey poolKey, DbConnectionOptions userOptions)
   at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.CreateObject(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection)
   at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.UserCreateRequest(DbConnection owningObject, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection)
   at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, UInt32 waitForMultipleObjectsTimeout, Boolean allowCreate, Boolean onlyOneCheckConnection, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection)
   at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionPool.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningObject, TaskCompletionSource`1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal& connection)
   at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionFactory.TryGetConnection(DbConnection owningConnection, TaskCompletionSource`1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions, DbConnectionInternal oldConnection, DbConnectionInternal& connection)
   at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionInternal.TryOpenConnectionInternal(DbConnection outerConnection, DbConnectionFactory connectionFactory, TaskCompletionSource`1 retry, DbConnectionOptions userOptions)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.TryOpen(TaskCompletionSource`1 retry)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.Open()
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.RelationalConnection.Open(Boolean errorsExpected)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.Internal.SqlServerDatabaseCreator.<>c__DisplayClass18_0.<Exists>b__0(DateTime giveUp)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ExecutionStrategyExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass12_0`2.<Execute>b__0(DbContext c, TState s)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.Internal.SqlServerExecutionStrategy.Execute[TState,TResult](TState state, Func`3 operation, Func`3 verifySucceeded)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.ExecutionStrategyExtensions.Execute[TState,TResult](IExecutionStrategy strategy, Func`2 operation, Func`2 verifySucceeded, TState state)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Migrations.HistoryRepository.Exists()
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Migrations.Internal.Migrator.Migrate(String targetMigration)
   at ch.wuerth.tobias.mux.Data.DataContextFactory.GetInstance()
   at ch.wuerth.tobias.mux.plugins.PluginMusicBrainz.PluginMusicBrainz.Process(String[] args) in C:\Users\Tobias\Desktop\dev\mux-cli\plugins\PluginMusicBrainz\PluginMusicBrainz.cs:line 136
   at ch.wuerth.tobias.mux.Core.plugin.PluginBase.Work(String[] args)
   at ch.wuerth.tobias.mux.App.Program..ctor(String[] args) in C:\Users\Tobias\Desktop\dev\mux-cli\App\Program.cs:line 47
Data :
 -> [HelpLink.ProdName, Microsoft SQL Server]
 -> [HelpLink.EvtSrc, MSSQLServer]
 -> [HelpLink.EvtID, 2]
 -> [HelpLink.BaseHelpUrl, http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink]
 -> [HelpLink.LinkId, 20476]
----- INNER EXCEPTION -----
Type       : Win32Exception
Message    : The system cannot find the file specified
HResult    : -2147467259

（内部异常没有堆栈跟踪，因为它必须是未定义的）

我的DbContext初始化连接字符串，如下所示：

protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
{
    optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer("..my connection string..");
}

---

编辑3我现在高度假设问题必须是DbContext的初始化，如何解释MSSQL Studio和应用程序的不同行为。

对于寻求某些背景的人 ：我正在开发这个应用程序。 除了我的lokal开发环境，我还有生产服务器，我部署了我的主分支。 在生产服务器上也是一个独立的数据库，其中包含人们期望的生产数据。 我遇到的问题是我在生产服务器上进行数据操作（导入，处理，...）的CLI会引发由数据引起的异常，我无法在我的开发环境中重现错误。 我没想尝试复制整个数据库（几千兆字节），而是试图从我的开发环境中连接到生产数据库。 这将允许我调试异常并解决问题。 也许有人对如何使用实时数据库调试应用程序有另一种想法？

Answer 1

您的错误消息包含：

（提供者：命名管道提供程序，错误：40 - 无法打开与SQL Server的连接）

您是否打开了“SQL Server配置管理器”并确保“命名管道”已启用？ 此设置位于3个位置。

Answer 2

您可以尝试添加此连接字符串

"ConnectionStrings": {
   "DbConnection": "Data Source=tcp:127.0.0.1,5000\\DBMSSOCN;Initial Catalog=mdstsbase;Integrated Security=false;User ID=user;Password=password;Application Name=application name"
}