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为什么我不能在这样的字符串上替换char?

[英]why can't i replace char on a string like this?

我正在尝试替换以下地图中的字符: const map<char, vector<char>> ass ,请注意我有此字符串pas ,我想将所有(地图值)vector char替换为对应的地图键,我尝试了用这样的for循环迭代地图:(我从另一个关于stackoverflow的问题获得了这段代码)

for (auto const &ent1 : ass) {

    //ent1.first = first key
    //ent1.second = second key
}

因此,我尝试像这样迭代地图值向量:

string char1;
string char2;
string wr;

for (auto const &ent1 : ass) {

    for (int i = 0; i < ent1.second.size(); i++) {

        specialValues += ent1.second[i];

        char2 = ent1.second[i];
        char1 = ent1.first;

        regex e("([" + char1 + "])");

        cout << ("([" + char1 + "])");
        cout << char2;

        wr = regex_replace("c1a0", e, char2);
    }

}

因此,我希望字符串“ c1a0”在循环后变为“ ciao”,但是它什么都没有改变,

我也尝试过:

wr = regex_replace("c1a0", e, "o");

输出:c1a0

regex e("([0])");
wr = regex_replace("c1a0", e, char2);

输出:c1a2

我不知道,这对我来说毫无意义。 我不明白,您能帮我找出代码中的错误吗?

当然如果我写:

regex e("([0])");
wr = regex_replace("c1a0", e, "o");

它给了我“ c1ao”,这就是我想要的。

以下代码对我有用:

#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <regex>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    const map<char, vector<char>> ass = {
        { '1', {'i'} },
        { '0', {'o'} },
    };

    string char1;
    string char2;
    string wr = "c1a0";

    for (auto const &ent1 : ass) {

        for (int i = 0; i < ent1.second.size(); i++) {

            //specialValues += ent1.second[i];

            char2 = ent1.second[i];
            char1 = ent1.first;

            regex e("([" + char1 + "])");

            cout << ("([" + char1 + "])") << std::endl;
            cout << char2<< std::endl;

            wr = regex_replace(wr, e, char2);
            cout << wr << std::endl;

        }

    }
}

但是恕我直言,这里的正则表达式是过大的。 您可以手动遍历字符串并替换字符,如以下代码片段所示:

#include <string>
#include <set>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

struct replace_entry {
    char with;
    std::set<char> what;
};

int main() {
    const std::vector<replace_entry> replaceTable = {
        { 'i', {'1'} },
        { 'o', {'0'} },

    };

    string input = "c1a0";

    for (auto const &replaceItem : replaceTable) {
        for (char& c: input ) {
            if(replaceItem.what.end() != replaceItem.what.find(c)) {
                c = replaceItem.with;
            }
        }

    }
    cout << input << std::endl;
}

另一种方法是创建256个字符的char数组

#include <string>
#include <iostream>

class ReplaceTable {
private:
    char replaceTable_[256];

public:
    constexpr ReplaceTable() noexcept 
        : replaceTable_()
    {
        replaceTable_['0'] = 'o';
        replaceTable_['1'] = 'i';
    }

    constexpr char operator[](char what) const noexcept {
        return replaceTable_[what];
    }

};

// One time initialization
ReplaceTable g_ReplaceTable;

int main() {

    std::string input = "c1a0";

    // Main loop
    for (char& c: input ) {
        if(0 != g_ReplaceTable[c] ) c = g_ReplaceTable[c];
    }

    std::cout << input << std::endl;
}

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